Preservative ether - isticmaalka daawada

Esters ah - waxyaabaha la bedelay la eb hydrogen koox hydroxyl ee alcohols ama phenols carbon R xagjirka ah: R1-O-Red2. Preservative ether - caanaha H3C-O-CH3. Waayo caadiga isomerism Ester silsilad shidaalka iyo metamerism. The ugu horeysay nooca isomerism sabab jahaysteen silsilad shidaalka. Metamerism - nooca isomerism kaas oo laba ama ka badan oo Ester qaacidada isla kelli, laakiin qaab kala duwan kelli, sababo la xiriira xag kala duwan labada dhinac ee "buundada" oxygen ah.

Preservative ether: helitaanka

Ethers ay diyaar u yihiin synthetically (ee dabiiciga ah iyagu ma ay ka dhacaan gobolka free). Si synthesize esters waxaa loo isticmaali karaa siyaabo dhowr ah: fuuq ee alcohols la isticmaalayo acids macdanta, alcoholates ee ficil la alkyl halogeen ah. Dimethyl iyo ethyl methyl esters yihiin gobolka gaseous, wakiilada soo socda - xal, sare - adkaha. Esters ee liidata L. biyo, laakiin diyaar in qase organic, iyo wakiilada celceliska (ether preservative, ether dipropyl, iyo propyl) - qase organic u fiican. guryaha jirka ah iyaga kala duwan yihiin iyadoo ku xiran miisaanka kelli. Preservative ether ahaa si fiican isku qasan oo leh saliidaha khamriga, chloroform, benzene, ether, iyo dufan ah. Marka xaaladaha kaydinta Ester xadgudub loo sameeyay in ay xeryahooda qarxa oo sun ah - hydroperoxides.

Preservative ether loo isticmaalo dawada. Waxa loo isticmaalaa suuxdinta neefsasho. noocan ah waxa lagu gartaa tallaabo excitation suuxdinta fahmayaan ah (dhaqdhaqaaqa wadnaha maqalka, waxay kordhisaa midab vascular, firfircoonaan Digo catecholamine, fiirsashada of glucose ee dhiiga uu kordho, acid pyruvic iyo lactate, waa secretory xanniban tahey iyo shaqo motor of mareenka dheefshiidka). Fadlan la soco in marka la isticmaalayo noocan ah suuxinta ether si tartiib ah dhacdaa, waxa aad inta badan loo baahan yahay si ay u dhawraan hawlaha kacsiga iyo motor ka xoog badan. suuxinta guud leedahay saamayn wajiyo badan jirka insaanka (muruq-relaxant, xanuunka iyo maandooriyaha).

Ester Action Local muujiyey sida kicinta ee dhammaato dareemayaasha, dheehan bukaanka ku dhacdaa saamayn qaboojinta ah. Marka tan la eego, mararka qaarkood waxaa loo isticmaalaa gudaha motor si ay sharciyaynta motility gastric, iyo subcutaneous - waayo excitation ee neefsashada reflex iyo hagaajiyo wareegga. Labada ciyaaryahan neefsasho Ester cuncun marinnada hawadu ee keena Iscelin ugu reflex koowaad ee neefsashada, ka dibna aad dhaqaajiso dheecaan ah ee qanjidhada bronki. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay muddo ether preservative suuxinta neefsado waxa loo adeegsaday by dhakhtar qalliin oo ka taagan Ruush NI Pirogov, aasaasaha of qaliin beerta, intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Crimean ah (1853-1856 GG.).

Preservative ether waxaa diyaar u nuugo xub-axaleedka of mareenka-mareenka, laakiin dhamaystiran suuxdinta yimaado dambayn la chloroform. saamayn Narcotic muujiyey kaliya by neefsasho of 5-8% uumiga ether ethyl iyo suuxinta buuxa dhacdaa 30 daqiiqo oo neefsasho ah 10% ka mid ah ey gudahood. saamayn Narcotic ee daroogada waa at-fiirsashada ah ka 110 ilaa 150 mg per 100 ml oo dhiig ah, curyaannimo neefsashada dhacdaa xarunta of 200 mg / 100 ml oo dhiig ah. Total Fudud ether sumoobo. Baraaruga ka suuxdinta dhacdaa 20-40 daqiiqo ka dib joojinta neefsasho ee ether ka dib, laakiin si caadi ah jirkaaga yimaado oo kaliya dhowr saacadood. Bixiyo neef-mareenka ether iyo kelyaha. Qiyaastii 50% lacagta guud ee raaca ee jirka ku jira inta lagu guda jiro 30-60 daqiiqo ee ugu horeysay ka dib markii suuxdinta. Waa in la sheegay in qaar ka mid ah wax soo saarka ee hydrolysis of ether preservative la kooban karaa triglycerides iyo subaga kale in dhowr maalmood.