No aragti isku dhaca ma aha mid sugan

Iskahorimaadka - khilaaf ah oo u dhexeeya dadka u kacaya, marka ay go'aan arrimaha qaarkood nolosha bulshada ama shakhsi.

Erayga "isku dhac" waa ka soo jeeda Laatiin ah, taasoo la micno ah "isku dhac". khilaafka Social - ugub ah bulshada.

Fikradda guud ee khilaafka

Keeneysa la qoondeeyo labadan waji ee qeexidda:

1. Waxa uu diiradda saarayaa tallaabo hadda.

2. Waxaa diiradda on ujeeddooyinka garoomada.

Waayo, raaca hab ugu horeysay ee la tixgelin karo by R. Mack, R. Snyder, kaas oo ku siin qeexid yara cidhiidhi ah, ka fiirsaneysa inay colaadda kaliya dhexgalka bulshada u dhexeeya xubnaha, kaas oo ay leeyihiin views iyo qiimaha aad u kala duwan. In cadaawad this, tartan, tartan, iwm Waxay iyaga loola dhaqmo sida ilaha khilaafka.

Wakiilka hab labaad waa Dahrendorf, kuwaas oo si weyn u diidanaa sida hab cidhiidhi ah. Wuxu qabaa, in colaadda ay tahay in ay sidoo kale ka mid ah dalalka nafsi ah iyo noocyada kala duwan ee isku dhac.

qaaraan A weyn aragtida ah oo ku saabsan khilaafka ka Karl Marx helay. Waxa uu horumariyo aragtida ah ee isku dhaca, iyo sidoo kale model horumariyo is burinaya u dhaxeeya fasalada kala duwan ee bulshada. Karl Marx waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah aasaasayaasha aragtida ah ee isku dhaca.

From cilmiga lahjo ahaan waxa ay tilmaamaysaa u theses soo socda:

1. khayraadka waxaa u di'in, ugu weyn arrinta u dhexaysa kooxaha bulshada.

2. The wanaagsan keceen ah waa ay ka warqabaan danaha iyaga u gaar ah, shaki ka dheeraad ah oo ku gurguurta oo ku saabsan qoondaynta khayraadka.

3. qoto dheer farqiga u dhexeeya xukuma kooxaha bulshada iyo addoon, xoog uu noqon doono khilaaf.

4. Colaadda dulmiga badan, ayaa in ka badan waxaa jira qaybin ka mid ah khayraadka.

Waxa jira aragtiyo isku dhaca Georg Simmel, sida laga soo xigtay oo waa lama huraan iyo in aysan macquul aheyn in laga hortago isku dhaca bulshada. Haddii Marx qaaday saldhig ahaan "Lagaga - jooge" in Simmel - geedi socodkii dissociation iyo ururka, soo bandhiga bulshada geedi socodka sida sooci karo. Isha colaadda, uma uu yeedhin kaliya kulanka ka mid ah danaha, laakiin sidoo kale muujin ka timid colaad, ayaa ballan-qaaday in uu qofka hore. Simmel kala jacaylka iyo nacaybka sida arrimaha ugu xoogan ee saamaynta colaadda. theses la kala saari karaan waxbaristiisa:

1. The dareenka dheeraad ah kooxaha bulshada ee ku lugta leh iskahorimaadka, in ka badan uu jiro is khilaaf ah.

2. The isu kooxo fiican oo hoosyimaada, khilaaf waa ba'an.

3. khilaaf waa ka xoog, sare u dhowrto jiritaanka ee ka qaybgalayaasha.

4. Iskahorimaadka dhacdaa more ba'an ee group kiiska ku lug waxa ku jira, ka yar go'doon ah.

5. Iskahorimaadka more ba'an marka ay dhamaadka ah iniinahoodu ku dhex jiraan, haddii aad u tagto ka baxsan danaha shakhsiga ah.

Fikradda ah khilaafka Ralf Dahrendorf baarayaa iska hor imaad ah in koox yar, iyo bulshada oo dhan, si cad u kala doorka iyo xaaladda.

Abstracts Dahrendorf Aragti:

1. The more sub-kooxaha ururka ka warqabin danaha iyaga u gaar ah, suurtagalnimada uu iskahorimaadku.

2. The ka weyn abaal ugu qaybiyey maamulka, af ah is burinaya.

3. Haddii dhaqdhaqaaqa u dhaxeeya keceen iyo hogaamiyay yar, af ah isku dhaca,

4. saboolnimada sii kordhaya ee ku keceen yhay colaadda.

5. Marba waa heshiis u dhexeeya labada dhinac, iska soo horjeeda dulmiga badan.

6. The af colaadda, ee isbedel dheeraad ah oo ku keeni doonaa, oo waxay noqon doontaa heerka sare.

Fikradda ah khilaafka bulshada, L. Coser waa ugu ballaaran. Waxaa soo socota in sinnaan la'aanta bulsho ee jira in bulshada kasta, xubnaha carada nafsi ah ee bulshada, xiisadaha u dhexeeya shakhsiyaad iyo kooxo - oo dhan ee kor ku xusan, iyadoo ay sabab u, aado khilaafka bulshada. Xaaladda A la mid ah lagu tilmaami karaa gobolka stress u dhexeeya gobolka dhabta ah ee arrimaha iyo waqtigaas, sida kooxaha bulshada wakiil ama shakhsiyaad. khilaafka Social - halganka qiyamka, xaaladda, haysashada khayraadka awoodda, taas oo ka soo horjeeda uga takhalusi lahaayeen ama horjeeda baabbi'in.

In falanqaynta of fikrada isku dhaca bulshada kadhibaataysan gabagabadii soo socda:

1. Iskahorimaadka - khilaaf ah ee noocyada kala duwan ee hawlaha oo uu kaga adkaado.

2. Tartamaya sida nooc gaar ah oo iska hor imaad la socon kartaa by khilaafka, ama waxaa laga yaabaa ma aha, laakiin foomamka halganka sharciga moral isticmaalo.

3. Xafiiltanka wadi karo si ammaan ah, iyo dhaqaajin karin in colaadda.

4. Tartanka - nooc ka mid ah oo nabad ah tartan.

5. Cadaawad sida ay rabaan in ay iska hor imaad, rakibo gudaha had iyo jeer ma joogo.

6. Xiisadda - state ee habka, laakiin waxa aan la had iyo jeer ka hormarey colaadda.

Laakiin midkoodna aragtida kor ku xusan looma tixgelin karo buuxda ama universal.