Nafaqooyinka

Aragtidani waxa ay la soo bandhigay in waxbaristii ay biosphere saynisyahan weyn Vernadsky. Nafaqooyinka Vernadsky - "walax soo saaray nolosha, iyadoo tamarta ugu awoodda badan." Goortaas waxay ahayd abbaaraha shinida, saliid, nuuradda, dhuxusha, iwm

Si fudud u gelin, qayb ka mid ah arrinta organic iyo nafaqooyin halkaas. Tusaalooyinka - dhogor idaad, ilkaha hoos geeso hoos baadad shimbiraha, caleemaha, miraha iyo dhirta budada, geed jilif ama geedo soo dhacay, saxaro xayawaan. Si aad u nafaqo ee la xidhiidha luul, eggshell, bile (renal) dhagaxyo, caanaha, nectar, web, Xariir. Liiskani waa dhammaadka lahayn.

walax Non-biogenic sidoo kale la abuuri karaa by noolaha, laakiin waa, in la barbardhigo nafaqo waa mid aad u kacsan ee biosphere sida energetically dib loo in noolaha kale ee ku nool.

geedi socodka gaar ahaan caadiga ah ee xeryahooda organic. Kaliya qayb yar oo ka mid ah walxaha aan biogenic noqon fossils, dhaqaaqin in walxaha polibiogennye. dhagaxyadii ku aasan ee dhulkeenna la sameeyey ee xilliyo dhulka ee la soo dhaafay. By walxaha polibiogennym ee Texas waxay noqon kartaa, tusaale ahaan, waxaa ka mid ah dhabkiyo (cuntada), hadhaagii noolaha (waxaan iyaga mummified wac), coprolites, kuul, macdanta mikrobiogennye (hydroxides bir ah, sulfides, carbonates, iwm).

dhagaxyada Mountain Earth waxaa abuuray, inta badan by noolaha. The dhagaxyada carbonate isku mid ah (dolomite, nuuradda, aan nuurad lahayn) waa natiijada hawl plankton iyo filimada hoose gudaha biyaha iyo badaha.

limestones Koprolitovye ayaa sidoo kale loo arkaa in ay biogenic. Tani waxay sidoo kale waa dhagaxa, taas oo wax-upka la xirrira saxarada noqday dhoobo-cuna in dib loo eegay yl lime.

silica Species (quartz, Opal, khalkedoon) ka kooban yihiin ugu horrayn ee hadhaagii lafaha oo ka mid ah noolaha "Silicon" - algae diatom (diatoms) Radiolarian, buushka, silikoflagellat.

Laakiin shidaalka (caustobioliths) - dhagaxyada aasan oo waxaa lagu gartaa sare ee nafaqooyinka uu noo hor. Caustobiolites sameeyay sarkhaansan yihiin hawlaha tamarta qaar ka mid ah noolaha kala duwan.

Gaar ahaan walax aan biogenic organic waxaa culus ururtay in qaybo ka mid ah harooyinka iyo biyagaleenka ahuba, hadda ee biosphere ah. Tusaale ahaan, ee dalkeenna ku saabsan 60% ka mid ah kaydka Peat ee mugga dunida ee ku. Markaasaa waxaa taas waxaa sabab u ah a meel gaar ah iyo, dabcan, cimilada.

biyaha Continental iyo badaha ku ururto hadhaagii plankton iyo noolaha benthic free-sabayn, sapropel (kayd waxyabaha in biyo nadiif ah), excrements xoolaha. By habka, oo qayb ka ah geedi socodka this, aad xitaa ka daawan kartaa quraaradda guriga.

Dhuxul, in ay markeeda, waxaa la aasaasay ka Peat, laakiin mar hore qadiimiga ah. shales Oil waxaa soo sameeyey sapropel. Halkan, walax organic wakiil phytoplankton ah (harta). Laakiin waxaa jira kamma "polugoryuchie" - in ay Halabuurka ka kooban hadhaagii zooplankton iyo zoobenthos.

Nafaqooyinka oo waxay noqdeen Jidka "dahabka madow" - saliid. "Parents" saliidda - hadhaagii ah noolaha planktonic hore u soo sheegnay.

phosphate Species, manganese iyo qanjirka - aasan, uruuray hooseeyo of walxaha nafaqo.

Haddii aan ka fiirsan kayd phosphorite ah, in ka badan 90% waxa ku sugan korsiiya hoose oo ka mid ah badaha, asal ahaan, sida aad malayn laga yaabaa in, organic. drive ugu weyn ee fosfooraska - phytoplankton, kaas oo inta badan lagu qeexay sida uu yahey biyo habeenkii. Laakiin fosfooraska faar badda dabaqa - saxarada ee zooplankton.

manganese Ferruginous ama dhagaxyada sameeyaan nool noolaha meelaheeda dhoobada, harooyinka, iyo badaha, badaha. fiirsashada bir iyo manganese bir ah ku xiran tahay.

Nolosha noolaha iyo waa alleity (oo ay ku jiraan bauxite), cusbada, clayey iyo dhagaxyada clastic.

Laakiin "ugu awooda tamarta" waxaa la abuuray ka badan qarniyo iyo tobankii, daahiyaan by jajab ee millimeter ah. Waxaan ku qaataan tamarta this on baaxadda weyn. On rajada ay u baahan tahay in hadda qabaa, maxaa yeelay xawaaraha of stock inta badan khayraadka si buuxda u daallan by dhammaadkii qarnigii this ...