Monocots: asal ahaan iyo sifooyinka of class

Monocots on meeraha Earth ku dhowaad muuqday waqti isku mid ah sida bipartite ah; tan iyo wakhtigaas ayaa ka gudbay in ka badan boqol milyan oo sano. Laakiin in ka badan habka ay u dhacday, botanists ma jiro iswaafiqitaan. Taageerayaasha doodi mid booskaas monocots waxaa soo degay ka ugu fudud ee bipartite. Waxay yeeshaan meelaha qoyan, in balliyada, on xeebaha harooyinka iyo wabiyaal. Iyo difaacayaasha of view labaad waxay aaminsan yihiin in monocots soo jeedaan xubnaha ugu heer hoose ah ay fasalka isla. Taasi waa, waxaa soo baxday in qaab, ka hor midabada casriga ah ayaa laga yaabaa herbaceous.

Timir, cows iyo sedge - saddexdan qoys ayaa soo saaray iyo qaybiyey dhammaadka muddada Cretaceous. Laakiin bromeliads iyo orchids, laga yaabee, kii ugu yaraa.

Monocots ka tirsan fasalka ka mid ah angiosperms, labaad ee ugu weyn. Waxay warsan oo ku saabsan 60 000 noocyada, genera - 2800, iyo qoysaskooda - 60. Of tirada guud ee dhirta ubax monocots waa qayb ka mid afraad. At soohdinta of 20-21 qarniyo botanists ayaa ku soo kordhay class this sabab u tahay kala qaybsanaanta dhowr qoys oo horay u soo xulay. Sidaas darteed, tusaale ahaan, ubaxa oo loo qaybiyey. qoyska ugu badan ee orchids u muuqday, soo raacay by cows, dareemaduna, oo timir ah. Iyo tirada yar ee noocyada leeyahay Araceae - 2500.

Caadiga ah, loo hareeraha dhirta nidaamka qoondaynta dunida monocotyledonous ubax horumariyo 1981 by botanist ka Maraykanka - Artur Kronkvist. Waxa uu ka dhistay oo dhan monocots shan Banii-: kommelinidy, aretsidy, zingiberidy, alismatidy iyo liliidy. Oo mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa weli ka kooban yahay dhowr ah amarada baaxaddeeda, taas oo caddadka ay kala duwan tahay.

Monocots waa Monocotyledones. nidaamka qoondaynta A horumariyo by APG oo siinaya magaca kooxda in English oo kaliya, waxaa u dhigma fasalka Monocots ah.

Soo bandhigay horrayn monocots dhalatada oo ilaa xad ka yar - geedaha, ku xoortay geedihii iyo geedo canab ah. ka mid ah dad badan oo door bidaan in marshland, balliyada, nalalka taranta. The wakiillo ka socda qoyska this joogaan on dhammaan qaaradaha ee dunida dacaladeeda.

monocots magaca Ruush helay by tirada cotyledons. Inkasta oo habkan oo ah go'aaminta ma ku filan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana fudud loo heli karo.

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay in ay kala soocaan monocots iyo dicots soo jeediyay in qarnigii 18-nin cilmiga nafleyda barta Ingiriisi Ray John.. Waxa uu aqoonsaday sifooyinka soo socda ee fasalka koowaad:

- afkoda: dhif ah jahaysteen, xiran xidhmo ay vascular, xidhmo xidhmo isugu vascular waxaa la geeyaa kala sooc lahayn on cut ah.

- baxdey: inta badan amplexicaul, oo aan stipules; Qaabka inta badan cidhiidhi ah; arcuate ama venation isku midka ah.

- Nidaamka Root: buunshada ku, xididdada adventitious si dhakhso ah bedelo xididka SNMna.

- Cambium: ma, in arrintan la xiriira, ma awgii stem.

- Jeermiska: monocotyledonous.

- Ubax: perianth ka kooban yahay laba, ugu badnaan - danaha saddex-dheer; tiro la mid ah stamens; saddex carpel.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si gaar ah, mid kasta oo ka mid ah sifooyinka, kuwaas oo aan si cad u kala saari karaa bipartite iyo monocotyledons. Kaliya waxay waxaa loo arkaa in isku darka, samaysaa suurto gal ah in si sax ah loo dhigay fasalka.