-Meelood laba ka mid ah xaaladaha kansarka dhawaad waxaa sababa "khaladaad" random in DNA

Cancer keena khaladaadka ku jira DNA ah, iyo baadhitaan cusub ayaa lagu ogaaday in kiisaska intooda badan dhacdo ee kansarka, qaladaad waa kuwan dhammaystiran random. Iyagu ma ay keento cabista hidde ama deegaanka, iyo natiijada random fashilaad.

Baadhitaanka ayaa sheegay in khalad ama Isbedelo ka qayb horumarinta burooyinka oncological, maxaa yeelay qalad DNA xitaa yar waxay keeni kartaa in ay xaqiiqada ah in unugyada kabax u tarmin doonaa.

Qubarada badankooda ayaa aaminsan Isbedelo kuwan waxaa inta badan ka xanaajisay laba waxyaalood: sidoo kale waxaa isbeddel ayaa ku salaysan hidaha, ama waxaa sababa arrimo dibadeed, taasoo dhaawici kartaa DNA, sida qiiqa sigaarka ama shucaaca.

Laakiin sababta saddexaad been qaladkiisii random. Warbixinta cusub sayniska soo daabacay wargeyska Science, doodaysaa in arrin taasi run ahaantii waa saddex-meelood laba ka mid ah Isbedelo kuwan. Marka gacanta kala qaybinaya, waxay nuqulo DNA. Sidaas daraaddeed unug kasta oo cusub waxay yeelan doonaan in ay version gaar ah waxyaabaha la dhaxlo. Laakiin mar kasta oo ay jirto nuqul, waxa uu noqonayaa mid suurtogal ah in qalad ku xiga. Xaaladaha qaarkood, khaladaad, kuwaas oo keeni kara kansarka.

saynisyahano cilmi

"Daraasado ayaa muujiyey in kansarka la horumariyo doonaa ee jirka, iyadoo aan loo eegin saamaynta deegaanka", - yiri cilmi baare sare Dr. Bert Vogelstein, a daaweynta Xarunta cudurada adag Sidney Kimmel Cancer at Dzhona Hopkinsa University.

saynisyahano New cilmi ujeedadoodu tahay si ay u xisaabiso waxa boqolkiiba xaaladaha kansarka waxaa sabab u ahaa qodobada la iska dhaxlo, deegaanka iyo khaladaad random. Seynisyahanno yeelatay model xisaabeed oo ay ku jiraan xogta ka diiwaanka bukaanka kansarka oo adduunka ah, iyo sidoo kale tilmaamayaasha horumarintooda DNA.

baadi random

Daraasaddu waxay soo jeedisay in ku saabsan 66% kansarka ayaa sababa khaladaad random 29% kansarka ayaa ka dhashay deegaanka ama si qaldan nolosha. Oo% falalka kansarka kaliya 5 ahaayeen keebka Isbedelo hiddo ah.

Cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa la soco xoogaa in qiimaynta this kala duwan tahay kuwa kale saynisyahano bartay kansarka. Tusaale ahaan, shaqaalaha cilmi UK ayaa sheegaya in 42% ka mid ah kansarka looga hortagi kari lahaa by beddelo qaab nololeed ee dadka bukaanka ah.

In warqada cilmiyaysan oo ku dooday in noocyo ka mid ah kansarka, tusaale ahaan, sida burooyinka maskaxda iyo prostate ku dhowaad oo gebi ahaanba sharaxay by khaladaad random. Seynisyahanno waxay soo ogaadeen in khaladaad random keena in ka badan 95% ka mid ah xaaladaha kuwaas oo la tixgeliyey in cilmi-baarista.

image waxbarasho Graphic

On mid ka mid ah cilmi-muuqaallo kale loo isticmaalo midabka cas si ay u muujiyaan boqolleyda lesions kansarka ee dumarka. Cudurada loo aaneeyey inay u Isbedelo dhaxlo ayaa ku yaalla dhanka bidix. Kuwa iska lahaa khaladaad random - ee xarunta, iyo in deegaanka - dhinaca midigta.

Waayo, midab kasta wakiil boqolkiiba xubnaha la xidhiidha arrin gaar ah, ka cad (0%) in cas (100%).

Kansarka loo aqoonsaday:

• B - maskaxda.
• BL - kaadi.
• Br - xabadka.
• C - afka ilmo-galeenka.
• CR - mindhicirka.
• E - hunguriga.
• HN - madaxa iyo qoorta.
• K - buro.
• Lee - beerka.
• Luuk - leukaemia.
• Lou - iftiinka.
• M - melanoma.
• NHL - lymphoma non-Hodgkin.
• O - ugxansiduhu.
• P - beeryarada.
• S - caloosha.
• Th - qanjirka thyroid.
• U - galeenka.

Saamaynta ay ku arrimo dibadeed

Sida ay natiijada shuqulka saynisyahano, kansarada qaar deegaanka ka ciyaaraan door weyn. Tusaale ahaan, saamaynta taban ee deegaanka, ugu horrayn sigaarka keena 65% dhammaan xaaladaha kansarka sanbabada. Cilmi baarayaashu waxay ogaadeen in% ee kiisaska kansarka sanbabada kaliya 35 waxaa sababa khaladaad random.

"Isbedel ayaa kaliya ee unugyada lagama yaabo in ay sababaan kansarka," - yiri Vogelstein, hadlayo warbixinta sayniska diyaariyey by John Hopkins. "Saas ma aha, ee ka badan uu jiro isbedel, ugu weyn suurtagalnimada in gacanta noqon doonaa malignant," - yiri khabiirka.

Isku qaladaad DNA iyo arrimaha dibadda

"Sidaas darteed, Isbedelo ka khaladaad random ku filan si ay u keena kansarka, taas oo uu yeesho mararka qaarkood", - ayaa sheegay in Vogelstein. Laakiin, sida uu cilmiga, in kiisaska kale, isku-dar ah khaladaad random iyo sidoo kale khaladaad ay keento deegaanka, ugu dambeyntii keentay in unugyada kansarka. Tusaale ahaan, unugyada maqaarka isbeddel gundhigga ay sabab u tahay qalad random iyo gaadhista iftiinka ultraviolet. "Arrimaha noocan oo kale ah ku dari kartaa Isbedelo xitaa ka sii badan oo keeni kansarka," - ayaa sheegay in Vogelstein.

Saddex sababood Isbedelo heerka gacanta

Christian Tomasetti, Professor Associate of Biostatistics ee Johns Hopkins, ku xusan saddex Isbedelo sababaha on tusaale ah ee dhacdo of misprints, kala kulantay marka la isticmaalayo keyboard ah. Qaar ka mid ah errata waxaa laga yaabaa natiijada daal ama Wareersan typists. Waxay la oran karo waa sida deegaanka. "Oo haddii in keyboard ee isticmaala teeb-garaacto ah, waxaa fure lahayn, factor dhaxlo this" - Tomasitti sheegay in warbixinta.

"Laakiin xitaa in jawi ku haboon, halkaas oo teeb-garaacto waa fiican u seexday, ayaa loo isticmaalaa keyboard u shaqeeyo wanaagsan, typos weli noqon doonaa" - ayuu yidhi. Oo waa qaladka random.

Maxay cilmi ah ee ka hortagga

Waxaa jira tabo khaas ah ka hortagga kansarka sababa deegaanka ama xaaladaha firka. Si loo yareeyo halista ah ee kansarka sanbabada, sigaar ka tago karo, iyo qof dumar ah kuwaas oo lagu helo kansarka naasaha, noqnoqdo in mastectomy profilatikada.

Sida baadhayaashu, xeeladaha ka hortagga aasaasiga ah waxaa loo arkaa sida ugu wanaagsan si loo yareeyo dhimashada kansarka. Qorayaashu waxay la soco in tani suurtogal ahayn ee ka hortagga aasaasiga ah ee cudurka kansarka uu keeno Isbedelo random, laakiin weli ka hortagga sare caawin kara nolosha bukaanka badbaadiyo.

Sida laga soo xigtay baadhitaan, ka hortagga sare waxaa loola jeedaa in la ogaado hore ee kansar. "Waxaan u baahanahay in ay diiradda saaraan goor hore la ogaado, maxaa yeelay, geeddi-socodka ma aha isbedel in la baajin karin," - oo uu sheegay in warbixinta Tomasitti.