Maxaad sayniska waa engine ee horumarka farsamada? Xiriirka sayniska iyo waxbarashada

Maxaad sayniska waa engine ee horumarka farsamada? In koorsada of its horumarinta taariikhiga ah, dadka si tartiib ah u barteen in ay isticmaalaan ciidamada ee dabiiciga ah iyo Dhulka aysan awoodin in ay bedesho ka baxsan aqoonsiga. Waa dadka ku abuuray of Been xad-dhaaf ah, shuqullada cajiib ah fanka, suugaanta iyo sayniska.

kacaankii warshadaha iyo horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada

First dab la dhaqdo iyo si tartiib tartiib ah bartay inuu isticmaalo tamar. Kaliya ka dib markii qarni ah, dadka ka barteen sida loo isticmaalo tamarta dabaysha, socodka biyaha iyo qorraxda. Waayo, amar nin helay oo bilaabay in ay u isticmaalaan noocyada kala duwan ee ilaha tamarta, dhuxusha, saliidda, gaaska dabiiciga ah, Shale saliid, hydro iyo awoodda nuclear. Wakhti aan sidaa u ago, nin been abuurtay una rido hawlgal engine uumi, taasoo ahayd horumar degdeg ah oo duurka ku soo saarka.

Ka jawaabaya su'aal ku saabsan sababta sayniska waa xoog la wadidda horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in la alifay ee korontada ahaa wadadii uu si kacaankii warshadaha. Guddiga of farsamo, uumi iyo baabuur koronto ayaa ka caawiyay dad ka shaqo adag oo adag mooyee. Mechanization ogolaan hababka kala duwan si ay u isticmaalaan la alifay sayniska heer warshadeed. Laakiin wadada ahaa mid dheer oo adag.

From mechanization guud qalabaynta buuxa

In qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii 20-aad, waa wakhti ku habboon in jiritaanka duwan - xilligii kacaanka sayniska iyo farsamada. Oo waxaa dhacday in mechanization guud iyo qalabaynta buuxa mahad. Research iyo daahfurtay in duurka ku of fission oo isuga reactions nuclear yabooho Dadka ficil ahaan waa isha kaydkiisu tamarta.

Maxaad sayniska waa engine ee horumarka farsamada? Currently, waxa ay noqotay mid awood leh xoog wax soo saar leh ee bulshada. qalabaynta Universal waa mid ka mid ah kabaal ugu muhiimsan ee horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada, sida la wareegay dhammaan shaqada farsamo, iyo kombiyuutarada elektaroonik ah waxaa laga saaro qofka inta badan dhaawac maskaxda, taasoo ka dhigeysa waqti dheeraad ah loogu talagalay hawlaha hal-abuurka. Wuxuu ka dhigaa kala duwan ka yar arki karo ka dhexeeya shaqada jirka iyo maskaxda. Taasi waa sababta sayniska waa xoog la wadidda horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada.

Xiriirka sayniska iyo waxbarashada

Horumarinta horusocod ah nin doorka weyn waxaa iska leh sayniska iyo shaqada aadanaha, awoodda si ay u bartaan, u fahmaan una sharax ifafaale kala duwan ee dunida wax. In dunida maanta waxaa jira nidaamo badan oo cilmi ah. Mid ka mid ah taas oo ah Kiimikada noole - sayniska ee walxaha kiimikada iyo geedi socodka muhiim ah ka dhaca noolaha. Mawduuca ku saabsan daraasadda waa biomolecules in ay yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo u shaqeeyo nool. biology Dhismayaasha barataa naqshadaha iyo qaabka macromolecules noolaha - borotiinada iyo acids nucleic.

Biology Cancer - daraasad ku sameeyo xadgudubyada iyo koritaanka xadka lahayn ee unugyada qaarkood, unugyada ama xubnaha jirka. biology Cell daraasaad nolosha dhirta geedka, dhinac kasta ka saamaynaya deegaanka iyo isdhexgalka ee deegaanka dabiiciga ah, iyo inay la qabsadaan. Cytology baara unugyada, guryaha ay nafsaaniga ah, qaab-dhismeedka, organelles ku jira, iyo sidoo kale in la dhexgalo deegaanka, wareegga nolosha, kala qeybinta iyo dhimasho. Kelli Bioscience - daraasad oo doonaya in ay isticmaalaan fahamka soo kordha iyo horumarka ee aasaas u kelli cudurka iyadoo la abuurayo images cusub (baaritaan) ee ah bartilmaameed kelli gaar ah.

nidaamo sayniska

• Chemistry. chemistry Analytical - daraasadda of Halabuurka kiimikada ee qalabka dabiiciga ah iyo macmal ah, iyo horumarinta qalabka helo isugu darey sida. chemistry Environmental - sayniska ee ifafaale kiimikada iyo lagmamaarmaanna u dhaca deeganada hawada, ciidda iyo biyaha, iyo sidoo kale saamaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa aadanaha. chemistry imanba daraasaad guryaha iyo dhaqanka xeryahooda ka imanba, chemistry organic - Organic. chemistry Pharmaceutical - daraasadda of design, Avv iyo horumarinta ee dawooyinka. chemistry Physical barataa codsiga of physics in sheybaarada, cqaadir, qaaradda, subatomic iyo ifafaale farsamo ee nidaamka kiimikada.

• biology Developmental iyo genetics. Biology Developmental - daraasad ku sameeyo habka by kaas oo noolaha u koraan iyo horumarinta. Evolution iyo biology koritaanka baaro xiriirka ka dhexeeya horumar iyo horumarinta ee u shaqeeyo ama group of noolaha oolna ah hidde, kelli, muuqaalada paleontological iyo sidoo kale falanqaynta af iyo deegaanka. Hidaha - daraasadda of hiddo iyo dhaxal ah sifooyin in ay keeni, iyo sidoo kale dhaqanka reer koromosoomyada inta lagu jiro kala qeybinta unug iyo taranka.

• Engineering, physics iyo xisaabta. Bayoenjineering - daraasadda of mabaadi'da injineernimada berrinkii bayoolaji iyo daawo. Biophysics - sayniska haya ciidammada ee u dhaqmaan on unugyada jirka ku nool, xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya habdhaqanka noolaha ee dhismayaasha nool, saamayn jirka oo ay la kulmaan, sidoo kale physics ee geeddi socodka nolosha iyo ifafaale. Biostatistics - waxbarasho ee horumarinta iyo codsiga ee hababka tirakoobka iyo farsamooyinka si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka. Nanotechnology - daraasadda of science codsatay iyo technology kuwaas oo mideynaya theme - waa control ee arrinta heer qaaradda iyo kelli.

• Immunology - waxbarasho ee dhammaan dhinacyada nidaamka difaaca jirka oo dhan noolaha.

• Ayidhi, prokaryotes waxbarasho bacteriology, oo ay ku jiraan bakteeriyada. Environmental ayidhi ka hadlaya waxbarasho ee hawlaha iyo kala duwanaanta microbes in bay'ada dabiiciga ah ay. Physiology of sheyga - daraasad ku sameeyo hawlaha bayoolaji iyo microbial. Mycology - waxbarasho ee fangaska, guryaha ay hidaha iyo lagmamaarmaanna. Parasitology - daraasadda of protozoa dulinka iyo goryaamo. Virology - daraasadda of fayrusyada noolaha iyo wakiilada virus-sida.

• biology kelli oo xisaabeed. Genomics - waxbarasho ee khariidadda iyo falanqaynta qurxiyo hidaha ee noolaha, loogu talagalay in lagu fahmo hiddawadayaasha buuxda. Proteomics - daraasadda of Halabuurka protein ah ee unugyada. Bayoinformatics - saynis ah kaas oo ku hawlan cilmi, horumarka iyo codsiga of qalab xisaabeed iyo habab for ballaarinta isticmaalka xogta noolaha, caafimaadka, dabeecadda ama caafimaad. sayniska Computer - sayniska ka hadlaya isticmaalka kombiyuutarada iyo farsamooyinka tirakoobka ururinta, qoondaynta, kaydinta, wax kaqabashada iyo faafinta macluumaadka. Kooxdan ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah bayoolaji xisaabeed, Qaabaynta xisaabta iyo sayniska kombiyuutarka.

• Neerfaha. Neurobiology - daraasadda of unugyada habka dareemayaasha jirka iyo ururka unugyada galay wareeggeedii functional. Neerfaha - cilmiga habka dareemayaasha jirka, oo ay ku jirto maskaxda, neurons laf-dhabarta, iyo si ay u sii qoto dheereeyaan fahamkooda fikirka aadanaha, shucuurta iyo dabeecada.

• Physiology. Anatomy - saynis ah oo ka mid ah foomka iyo qaab-dhismeedka of noolaha iyo qaybo ay. Endocrinology - cilmiga ka mid ah qanjidhada iyo hormoonnada ee jirka iyo xanuunada la xiriira. Farmashiiste - daroogada daraasadda. Physiology - saynis ah oo ka mid ah hawlaha noolaha iyo qaybo ay. Toxicology ka hadlaya waxbarasho ee nooca sunta iyo daaweynta ee lagu sumoobo. Systems biology - daraasad ku sameeyo nidaamka noolaha.

• cilmiga bulshada iyo dhaqanka iyo caafimaadka bulshada. Psychology - waxbarasho ee maskaxda iyo dabeecadda. Sociology - sayniska nolosha bulshada, isbedel bulsho, sababaha iyo cawaaqibta ee dhaqanka aadanaha. Anthropology - daraasadda of nin. caafimaadka dadweynaha iyo in saf waa waxbarasho ee shaqsiyaadka, bulshooyinka, hawlaha iyo barnaamijyada shaqada si kor loogu qaado caafimaadka, kuwa gudaha iyo kuwa caalamiga ah.