Magacyada Scandinavian iyo macnahooda

Scandinavia - dalkii reer qarsoon, sixir iyo Sixir. Laga bilaabo BC qarnigii 12aad, Northern Europe ayaa ku soo idlaaday dad-ugaarsadaha, kuwaas oo, wada jir ah ula xayawaanka qaar ka mid ah ay u guureen halkan ka dib markii Age Ice ah. Maanta, taariikhda Scandinavia si toos ah ugu xiran la Warkii Vikings ah - dadka voitelnom oo awood u leh inay ka ganacsan. Laga bilaabo ka AD qarnigii 8aad, waxay si toos ah uga qayb qaatay horumarinta dalalka cusub, halkaas oo ay ku sameeyaan deegaanada. Waxay aaminsan yihiin in ilaahyada, xoogga dagaalyahan ah iyo xayawaanka qadarin. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in quruumaha Scandinavian - waa deenishka, iswiidhishka, noorwiijiga. taariikhyahanadu Qaar ka mid ah arkaa in ay Scandinavia iyo Finland iyo Iceland.

luqadda Scandinavian in muddo go'an of stratification iyo fatxi ee dhulkeeda waxaa la midoobin. Tani, dabcan, saamayn magacyada Scandinavian, ay formation iyo muhiimada. Taa baddalkeeda, waxaa jiray lahjadaha, laakiin waxaa loo arkaa luqada caadi ah Old Norse. Ka dibna, xarfaha, markii hore tirintii 24 runes meelaha qaarkood dardargelisay, hoos u dhigay 16. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sidoo kale Slavs, magaca Scandinavians ayaa waxaa si toos ah oo la xidhiidha xaaladda, astaamaha, qofka farsamada qoyska.

Asal ahaan magacyada rag Scandinavian ee ma kala duwan yihiin haweenka. The salaysan magaca kasta oo lagu kala sooci karaa sifooyinka sida:

1. Magaca - ka soo jeeda magaca ilaahnimada. Kuwa ugu badan - waa ilaahii reer bacriminta, awooddooda milatari, onkod (Frey, Tyr, Thor). Tusaale ahaan, Bergborr ama Freybjorn - Kaaliyaha Thor iyo Freya orso. Xaaladdan oo kale, ee magac dhaddig Scandinavian khilaafeen Dis postfix (tusaale ahaan, Geirdis ama Gunndis - ka dhigtaa magacyadii reer binu ilaahadda iyo ilaahadda dagaalka waran).

2. Magaca - ka soo jeeda magaca xayawaanka. Waxaan qaadato sida xayawaanka a sal qadarin in la tixgeliyo xurmada leh. Bear (Bjon) - ugu badan The. bahal waxa loo sharfay sida ugu awood badan oo khatar ah, turjumaya geesinimada iyo xoog. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa hay'adaha ugu muhiimsan ahaa Ilaaha Norse Oden. In version haweenka ee magaca asalka ah ka dhawaajisay sida Bera ama Birna. Sidoo kale caan ahaayeen magacyada Scandinavian, taas oo ka kooban magaca Yeeyi, oo tuke ah, gorgor oo iska daaqda ugaadha duurjoogta. Magaca awoowe Jöfurr (iska daaqda ugaadha) dadka dabaqadda sare siiyey, ulahoodiina wuu ku fikirka ah taliyaha ama hoggaamiye. Eagle (taagayo Ari, örn) dhaqmeen sida Sokeeye, askari wanaagsan. Raven (hrafn) - Rafnhildr (Raven Battle) - waa nafta, xusuusta iyo nasiib.

3. Magaca la xiriira howlgallada military, ilaalinta dadka. Marka la eego kala duwanaanshaha sifooyinka military, magacyada Scandinavian la xidhiidha arrimaha ciidamada, - sal ugu badan. Halkan waxa ku jira fikradaha ugu muhiimsan sida dagaal ama dagaal (gunnr, hildr, leikr), taas oo ku xiran yihiin meelo gaar ah (badda, dhulka, xirfadle); War (VIG), inta badan ka koobanahay la fikradaha sida soo dhaweyn ah, weyn, oo ammaanta, sifooyinka Military: koofiyad, waran iyo seef (gríma, geirr, brandr) sochetaetalis la fikradaha badan bayna ahaayeen, geesinimada, kartida heerka dagaalyahan.

4. magacyada Scandinavian - ethnonyms (qeexaya lahaanshaha dad gaar ah). Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah dadka Finnishka ah (Finnr), deenishka (Danr), Goths ah (Gautr) iyo Vlaamse (Flaemingr).

Magacyada Scandinavians qadiimiga helay wadan oo kala duwan maanta. Oo dadkii oo dhammu iyaga ka mid ah waxaa waajib ah in la eego gaar ah oo ku macnaha xaqiijiyay taariikhda hodanka ah Scandinavian.