Magaca Real Utesova. Biography Leonid Utesov

Bal eeg hareeraha iyo isku day inaad hesho cid kale oo aan ognahay waxa quruxda Odessa? "Waayo, Odessa" ugu yaraan hal mar waxaan maqlay gabi ahaanba deggan oo dhan dalkeena. Qaar ka mid ah halkaas oo u neefsato si gaar ah hawada, goorna jacaylkeeda kale oo ka ogahay xagga buugaag, filimo iyo heeso. Sida ay yidhaahdaan Odessa, "ha aad rabto in aad heeso ah? Waxay igu leedahay! "Oo muusikiiste ugu horeysay oo gabayaa ahaa, kuwaas oo ku soo dhaca maskaxdooda ay dhacdo in this, dabcan, Leonid Utesov. Magaca dhabta ah ee this halyeeyga tiyaatarka kasta, shineemo iyo music - Vaysbeyn oo magaciisa dhabta ah - Laasaros ama Leiser. Guriga waxaa la odhan jiray si fudud Ledyaev Ledechka.

Childhood in Odessa

Leonid Osipovich Utesov Biography bilaabay March 22, 1895 (in buugaag laga qori tilmaamaya taariikhda 21 March) ee magaalada Odessa. Markaas, lambarka 11 dhinaca wadada xagalka ah wiil ku dhashay kuwaas oo ahaa in ay noqoto qudhiisu caan ah oo ammaanay magaalada ayaa loo dhoofiyay. Sannado badan ka dib, waxaan bedelay magaca surin in ay jidka Utesova.

Vaysbeyn Qoyska (magaca dhabta ah Utesova) ballaadhnayd - aabbeheed, iyo hooyadeed shan caruur ah. Aabbaha, Joseph (Osip) Kalmanovich forwarder shaqeeyay dekedda, hooyada - Malka Moiseevna - taagnaa ee xilka ka mid ah qoyskiisa, xakamaynta qoyska oo dhan (ay ku jiraan ninkeeda) gacan adag. hooyo Yuhuuda iyo xaaskiisa - waa "wax gooni ah," sidaas darteed qofna ma ka fallaagoobay matriarchy ku jira guriga ee dhinaca wadada xagalka ah. Ledechka, sida muuqata dhaxlay camal hooyada, taas oo aan loo qaadan Karin ka muuqataa in uu naftiisa. Laakiin haddii Malka Moiseevna diray qof aad si ay u xalliyaan arrimaha qoyska - maamulka ninkeeda iyo carruurteedaba, oo dagaalka ku guul la iibiyaha on Privoz, Ledyaev waxaa rusheeyey dadka kale reerkii aabbihiis oo ka baxsan.

First, ayuu u adag oo si guul leh u diriray shaqeeyay, iyo xataa noqday xoogaa of celebrity ah ee bulshada wiilasha of Odessa. Marka labaad, Ledyaev Vaysbeyn ahaa ardayga kaliya ee laga saaray College ganacsiga Faig - hay'adaha, waxay caan ku tahay oo ay si deeqsinimo ah. Oo waagaas, Yuhuudda (oo magaciisa dhabta ah Utesova, sida waxaannu xusuusan nahay, Yuhuudda) warsan karo% ka mid ah tirada guud ee ardayda ah ee hay'ad kasta oo waxbarasho ee Russia oo kaliya 5. Kaliya Faig lahaa fasax in ay helaan 50% oo ka mid ah carruurta oo ka mid ah dadka la doortay. Ledyaev Vaysbeyn (magaca dhabta ah Utesova) sidoo kale ku dhacay, ama aanan xiisa khad mid ka mid ah macalimiinta iyo laga saaray derbiyada hay'adda weligiis. Si dhakhso ah, danbiile dhallinyaro ah soo kiraystay oo meeshu safarka ah Borodanova in jagada "qoraa Bill" oo tagay magaalada.

nolosha reer miyiga

In meeshu ah, wuxuu bartay in ay socdaan seegaan, trapeze ah, si ay u hana raaxasyteene Hana dhagaystayaasha qaab "sida saxda cas-lehba." Pokolesil magaalooyinka iyo tuulooyinka, 1912 Ledyaev soo laabtay Odessa oo u tegey si ay uga shaqeeyaan tiyaatarka ee comedy oo lagu qoslo in Skowronski. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu ka sameeyey xaalad: "Maya Vaysbeyn" (magaca dhabta ah Utesov) - oo isaga lagula talinayaa in ay dooran magac ka sii sarreeyaa. Artist Young talo ogaaday macno ahaan oo bilaabay in ay doortaan naaneesta ah, in habayn magaca buurta: Dhagaxyada, Gorin, Gorsky, iyo ugu dambeyntii dhagaxyada dhexdooda. Isla mar ahaantaana aan beddelay Ledyu ku Lenya.

Laga soo bilaabo in Utesova magaciisa dhabta ah waa la ogaan doonaa oo kaliya in goobo cidhiidhi ah qoyska. Dalkiisa in la ogaado oo ka jeclaataa magaca cusub ee "falna sanyahay".

"Maxaad u soo wac doon ..."

In 1913, cusub Leonid Utesov (magaca dhabta ah marnaba ka muuqan doontaa playbills ah) galay tiyaatarka ee miniatures, waxa uu ku yaalaa magaalada Kremenchug. Halkan mustaqbalkiisa masrixiyada ku qaadeen.

artist dhallinyarada la sii daayay lacagta ka yar horyaalka "Laga soo bilaabo musiibadii in trapeze ah." play waxay ahayd badan oo saacadood. First Leonid fal baxay goobaha ka qabadka riwaayado, ka dibna ku gabyeen operetta fal, ka dib markii uu ku gabyeen violin ugu horeysay ee seddexda violin ka dibna ciyaaray ticket ka. Laakiin sidaas maaha oo dhan. Markaasaa waxaa u timid couplets garneel, sheeko kaftan ah, qoob ka ciyaarka, song, parody, halmar isla, iyo finalka - duulaya on trapeze ah. Wuxuu ahaa mid aad u wanaagsan usoo dhoweeyeen, gaar ahaan Odessa. taageere weyn u yahay talanti actor da'da yar ee ahaa boqorkii caanka ah ee She'ool - Migaretionka Yaponchik (Vinnitsa uu magaciisa dhabta ah). Leonid Utesov, hal mar ka badan uu ka caawiyay in arrimaha la xiriira in uu (Mishkin) "Department".

guurka

Like artist kasta oo caan ah, iyo gaar ahaan dhallinyarada oo kulul, Leonid muuqday badan oo taageerayaasha. Intaa waxaa dheer, wuxuu si joogto ah uu leeyahay amarna wuxuu isaga iyo saaxiibkii oo ku saabsan qaab. A guursaday Aktarada yar oo Elena Goldina (Lena) ee 1914. Si dhakhso ah waxay lahaayeen gabadh Edith waxa uu ku dhashay. In qaybtan ka mid ah qoyskooda ka badbaaday 48 sano ee soo socda. Elena, iyo sidoo kale Malka mar, qabtay markabka qoyska gacmaha iyaga u gaar ah galay, oo wuxuu iyadii u mahad, ayuu sabbaynaya joogay, waayo, sidaas dheer.

nolosha masrixiyada

Leonid Utesov ku garaacday noocyo kala duwan oo tiyaatarada: Big iyo Small Richelieu, Tiyaatarka Ghadafi magaalada Kherson, masraxa a mobile "Muuse". Waxa intaa dheer in goobta masraxa, actor dhallinyarada muuqatay masraxa. In 1917 uu ku guuleystay kupletistov tartanka lagu qabtay Gomel. In 1919 wuxuu door yar ee filimka "Lieutenant Schmidt -. Dagaalyahan xorriyadda"

In ka labaataneeyada of dhagaxyada dhexdooda iyo qoyskiisa ugu horeeyay ee Moscow ka dibna u dhaqaaqay Leningrad. mid ka mid ah te'atradii wuxuu maray in kale, marnaba dheer sii joogi.

Abuuritaanka orchestra jazz a

Tani "flutter" socday ilaa 1928, markii Leonid Utesov ugu danbeyn helay jacaylkiisa ugu weyn - jazz. Waxaa dhacay intii ay safarka ah oo la socda qoyskiisa in Paris. Waxaa uu ka qeyb galay waxqabadka Jazz American ah Orchestra hoos jihada Teda Lyuisa, iyo in uu ku faraxsan waxa uu aragnay oo maqallay. Back guriga, Leonid awood u abaabula band jazz u gaar ah, kaas oo uu ugu yeeray "Shaaha-jazz". Markaasaa magaca bedelay dhowr jeer (Gobolka Jazz Orchestra ah RSFSR, State RSFSR orchestra pop ah), laakiin wax ugu weyn ee ahaa in kooxda aysan awoodin in ay ciyaaraan jazz ee Soviet Russia, taas oo ah jiho muusikada, sidan oo kale, in la yidhaahdo ee ugu yaraan, ka shakiyaan.

Markii hore, orchestra u ciyaaray darey inta shisheeye, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu dhakhsaha badan sameeyey ayaa sal u ah in uu waajihid songs gaar ah ku qoran iyo xubnihii xarkaha. author A jecel ahaa Isxaaq Dunaevskii - saaxiib shakhsi ahaaneed ee Leonid Utesov.

"Jolly oo waxmatarayaal ah"

Loo yaqaano iyo Lyubov Utesovu iyo orchestra keenay ka qayb filimka caanka Alexandrov "Jolly oo waxmatarayaal ah", kaas oo la sii daayey ee 1934. Ka dib markii in gabi ahaanba deggan oo dhan, dalka bilaabeen inay gabyaan heeso iyo ku baran wejiga actor ee.

War iyo Subxigu sano

Inta lagu guda jiro WWII, Leonid Utesov la safray riwaayada hore, si joogta ah u qaraxii iyo duqeyn hoos u dhacay, laakiin waxa uu sii waday in ay ku hor askartii hadlo.

Markii uu dagaalku dhamaaday, orchestra Utesov ka kormeeray dalka, damiir taageeraya isku wadanka yihiin, maxaa yeelay, in erayada uu song u gaar ah, "Waxaan la dhiso song ah oo na caawi nool." In sano ee ku xiga, hawl riwaayad sii shaqada bilaabay qaab on raadiyaha iyo telefishinka, samaynta diiwaanka. Utesova gabadhiisa, Edith, muuqday la aabbihiis - ahaa soloist la orchestra.

In uu hoos u sano

In 1962 dhintay naagtiisa Elena. Inkasta oo xiriirka dheer barbar Antonina dheregno, badbaadaan dhimashada mid ka mid ah u jeclaaday soo jeestay in dhibtani Leonid Osipovich.

Waxa uu dayn inay hadlaan, oo kaliya haddii lagama maarmaan in ay guriga ka tago. True Antonina hadhay dhow, laakiin si rasmi ah guursaday qarar iyada bixiyeen sano oo kaliya 20 ka dib, ka dib dhimashadii gabadheeda 1982 ka cudur halis ah. Laakiin farxad ahaa muddo kooban ah. Dhawr bilood ka dib, Leonid Osipovich ku geeriyooday da'da 87 sano.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in inta badan ee uu noloshiisa ku noolaa Utesov Leningrad, wuxuu had iyo jeer ku hadhay Odessa. Oo haatan, 30 sano uu dhintay ka dib, fikirka ku saabsan ninkan, waxaan arki jidadka qorraxda-armuu ah, waxaan dareemayaa on dibnaha neecaw badda cusbada oo maqla:

"Waxaa jira magaalo aan arkaa riyo,
Oh, haddii keliya aad ogaa sida gacaliyo
At Badda Madow oo ii muuqday
The magaalada qudhac ubax ... "