Shostakovich Maksim Dmitrievich: A Biography, hal-abuurka

Dadku waa fikir ah in dabeecadda waxaa nasanayso on reer dadka caanka ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ina laxamiistaha ugu caansan Ruushka Dmitri Shostakovich Maxim u suurtagashay in ay gebi ahaanba ku doodeen Wararkii cadaalad darro. Biyaaniiste iyo kaari xagga Ilaah, wuxuu noqday kuwa loo yaqaan oo dhan si aad u tayo muusikada ee la dhalin iyo shaqo joogto ah ugu mahad dunida.

Dhalashada iyo nolosha hore

Maxim Shostakovich ku dhashay Leningrad, May 10, 1938. Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa caan ah laxamiistaha Midowga Soviet Dmitriy Dmitrievich Shostakovich oo dhan. Wiil hooyadiis ahayd astrophysicist ah Nina Vasilevna Varzar in ka dib markii guurka diiday in la abuuro xirfado cilmiyeed oo waxay nafsaddooda u hibeeyeen ilaa ay ninkeeda iyo carruurteedaba. Maxim ka sokow, labada qof ku soo koray gabadhii ugu weynaa Galina. Sanadihii hore oo nolosha wiilka ayaa hadhaysay by dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. Go'doonsan of Leningrad Shostakovich ku kulmay magaalada uu ku dhashay. Halkan Dmitri waxaa ka shaqeeya uu caan Toddobaad Symphony, taasi oo markii dambe ayaa la baahiyey raadiyaha ka naasiga ee degan magaalada waqooyiga oo dhan baaxad Midowga Soofiyeeti. In 1942, ee laxamiistaha iyo qoyskiisa ayaa laga daadgureeyay in Kuibyshev (Samara), oo sannad ka dib u dhaqaaqay Moscow Shostakovich. In Leningrad kuma ay soo noqon kari waayay.

Xiriirka aabbihiis, laxamiistaha

Shostakovich Maksim Dmitrievich ceshan xusuus ku saabsan aabbihiis. Waxa uu ku tilmaamay nin ka mid ahaa aan caadi ahayn oo xigmad iyo waxgarasho. The laxamiistaha iyo xaaskiisa sara kiciyey carruurtooda by tusaale ahaan, si ay u galiyaan iyaga tayada kaliya mid fiican. Little Maxim iyo Galina kama warqabo waxa ciqaab jirka ah. Haddii ay dembi ka go'an, oo wuxuu aabbihiis ku qasbay inay siiyaan hawl qoraal ah in aan sameeyo ka badan sidaas. Ka dib markii in, kuwaasoo ah carruurta hadda ma malayn kartaa oo ku saabsan pampering ama caasinnimada waalidiinta.

dhimashada hooyada

Aabaha ahayd Maxim iyo amar unquestioned walaashiis, oo hooyadiis - Guri, gadaal lagu kalsoonaan karo iyo la taliyaha daacad. Nasiib darro, Nina Vasilyevna aan ku sameeyey 1954, markii wiilkiisii tageen sanadkii lix iyo. dhimashada hooyadiis khasaare daran ee Maxim dhallinyarada ahaa, oo isagu ma uu aqbali karin. Si dhakhso ah dhimashadii uu naagtiisa ka ugu horeeya ka dib, Dmitry Shostakovich guursaday shaqaale xisbiga Margaret Kaynova. Guurka iyada la ma dheer socon, iyo 1962, Maxim ayaa aayo cusub Irina Antonovna Supinskaya, u adeegay sidii editor guriga daabacaadda "laxamiistaha Soviet" ah. Iyada oo aabbeheed wuxuu noolaa ilaa dhimashadiisii 1975.

Go'aanka si ay u noqdaan kaari ah

Dmitri Shostakovich ka da'da hore wiilkiisii ayuu ka qaaday in ay duubteen iyo riwaayada. shaqada Pope ayaa sababay jaceylka wiilka, oo uu jacayl isku dhaceen music qalbigiisa oo dhan, iyadu ma qiyaasi kari lahayn jiritaankooda sii. In 1946, Maxim u tageen inay carbis ee Symphony 8aad ee aabbihiis, oo waxaa aad uga soo jiitay by shaqo ee kaari ee Iduna Park Evgeniya Mravinskogo. Ka dib markii in, wuxuu si adag u go'aansaday in mustaqbalka ka hawlgeli doonaan dirizhorstvom.

Studies ee School of Music iyo Conservatory

Maxim D. helay waxbarasho heer sare ah. Under jihada Helena Petrovna Joven Wuxuu bartay piano ee Dugsiga Music ee Conservatory Moscow ee. Uu kaari macalinka Yeeray qof dumar ah oo si daacad ah u adeegeen farshaxanka music. dugsiga sare ka dib markii uu soo galay awood piano ee Conservatory Moscow ka. Halkan, ina macalinka Shostakovich ahaa biyaaniiste Soviet fiican Yakov duulida. imtixaanada The galo gelitaanka ninkii conservatory dhallinyarada ciyaaray Concerto ku biyaano labaad, ka kooban aabbihiis caanka ah by. On sannaddii afraad uu wareejiyay awood kaari ee Shostakovich. Halkan macalimiinta ahaayeen kirishbooyada caan ah sida Nikolai Rabinovich, Alexander Gauk iyo Gennady Rozhdestvensky.

xirfadiisa kaari ee USSR

Ka dib ka qalin conservatory ee 1963. Shostakovich Maksim Dmitrievich uu noqday kaari ah kaaliyaha maamulaha oo ka mid ah Moscow Symphony Orchestra Veroniki Borisovny Dudarovoy. Si wada jir ah iyada oo leh, uu u safray on tours oo dhan Midowga Soofiyeeti. 3 sano ka dib, muusikiiste dhallinyarada ahaa shaqeeya Symphony Gobolka Orchestra ee USSR. Noqoshada caawiye of kaari weyn Evgeny Fedorovich Svetlanov, ina laxamiistaha ugu horeysay ee dal kale tegey. Intii uu shaqada Orchestra Gobolka, uu u safray oo dhan Yurub, ayaa booqday dalka Mareykanka, Canada, Mexico iyo Japan.

Ka dib dhammaystirka kaaliyaha dheer at Svetlanova Maxim Dmitrievich ah ayaa lagu casuumay in ay ka shaqeeyaan in ay Symphony Orchestra of All-Midowga Radio iyo Television Dhexe. Ka dibna, waxaa loo magacaabay madax kaari ay. ina 1971 Shostakovich ee Maxim noqday hoggaamiyaha Symphony Orchestra ee Wasaaradda Dhaqanka ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. kaari Taas qabtay muddo 10 sano ah. In 1978, guulihii aad u fiican in music, kii ayaa loo horyaalka ah Faneed ee sharafta RSFSR ah.

In 1979, Maxim Shostakovich ayaa kulankiisii ugu horeysay sida kaari opera ah. Intii uu isaga hoggaaminayay, waxaa loo dhiibay operas dhowr, oo ay ku jiraan "Lady Macbeth Degmada Mtsensk ah", "sanka" iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

Socdaal Mareykanka

In kasta oo ay "dagaal qabow" u dhexeeya Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo dalalka reer galbeedka, Maxim Shostakovich, Biography oo waxaa loo arkaa in this article, ayaa dibadda hadlay. Ee uu u safto sida kaari ka baxsan dalka ka dhacay 1968 magaalada British ah. Markaasuu wuxuu u dhiibay at Festival Royal Hall la Philharmonic London ee Orchestra. Sannad ka dib, Maksim Dmitrievich la State Orchestra u tageen inay socdaalka safar weyn US.

Safraya dalalka raasammaaliyade, ina Shostakovich arkay sida dulmiyo dowladda Soviet oo daawaynaya fanaaniinta ay. Qanacsanaan nolosha USSR uu kordhay iyadoo sanad walba maraya iyo aad u badan. Ugu dambeyntii, 1981 inta lagu guda jiro safar of Germany Shostakovich Maksim Dmitrievich waxaan soo qaatay go'aan adag ma inuu ku soo laabto dhulkooda hooyo. In uu soo baxsado ka Midowga Soofiyeeti uu ahaa qoraal dibad siyaasadeed. Kaari doonayay inuu ka ciyaaro music ah in ay jecel yihiin, halkii ay ka lahaayeen ay raacaan amarada "xagga sare". Fikrado ku saabsan tahriibka ka hor inta aanay soo booqday, laakiin ilaa aabbihiis nool yahay, isagu ma uu awoodi kari waayay inay iska tuur. dhimashada Dmitri Shostakovich 1975 Ka dib, waxay doonayaan waa in ay ka baxsadaan USSR noqday xitaa ka xoog. Fadhiidka ah in ku qasbeen in dhammaan dhinacyada nolosha ee dalka u muuqday in Shostakovich Jr. weligeed ah. Waxa uu doonayay carruur iyo farac koraan dal xor ah. Waxa uu ka tagay ka dib markii uu safar ku Germany wiilkiisa Dmitri, kaari halka uu u haajiray dalka Maraykanka ka dib. fikradda ah in maalin maalmaha ka mid ayuu mar kale cag on ciidda Ruush, isagu ma uu samayn.

dhaqdhaqaaqa Professional dibedda

xirfadiisa farshaxanimo Shostakovich ee qaabka qaaday in West ah oo aan ka yarayn guulaha badan ee USSR. In 1983, uu madax Philharmonic Hong Kong ka Orchestra, kuwaas oo uu hoggaaminayay muddo laba sano ah. In sano ee 1986-1991 Maxim Dmitrievich ahaa kaari sare oo Philharmonic Orchestra ee New Orleans. Nolosha Maraykanka, Shostakovich sii waday in ay shaqo adag oo si firfircoon fulinta. Intaa waxaa dheer in ay ku noolaadaan qaab, inuu ku lug leeyahay in cajalado of symphonies iyo concertos biyaano aabbihiis. In 1994, kaari ah markii ugu horeysay ka dib markii haajirayo in Russia yimid booqasho. Inkastoo dalabka xirfadeed ee West ah, waxa ay inta badan waa xiiso. In 1997, isaga iyo qoyskiisa in ay Russia ku soo laabtay iyo deganaa ee St. Petersburg.

The Haween iyo caruur of kaari ah

Maxim Shostakovich ahaa laba jeer guursaday. On xaaskiisa ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah biyaaniiste iyo kaari yaqaan aad u yar. In guurka waxay lahayd in 1961 ina The, kuwaas oo ahaa in sharaf of awoowe caanka ah lagu magacaabo Dmitry. Ka dib markii u hijroon la aabbeheed ka Midowga Soofiyeeti, uu ku noolaa muddo ah oo dalka Mareykanka ah, ka dib markii taas oo uu u dhaqaaqay France. Dmitry Maksimovic ku hawlan curinta music for synthesizers electronic.

magaca hadda xaaskaaga Shostakovich waa Marina. Wiilkeeda, laxamiistaha ugu guursaday ka dib markii uu u dhaqaaqo United States. guurka labaad wuxuu lahaa laba carruur ah - oo gabadhii Maria iyo ina Maxim, oo sidoo kale ay jidadka hal abuur tegey. Tan iyo carruurnimada, waxay ka qayb qaatay xaflado ah, bartay inuu ka ciyaaro alaabtii muusikada.

On noloshaada gaarka ah ma caban kartaa Maxim Shostakovich. Xaaska Marina may ahayn oo kaliya hooyada carruurta uu isaga u, laakiin tani waxay ku tashadeen taageeraya naagtiisa tayo leh oo dhan dayada. Kaari arkay markii ugu horeysay intii uu hadalka fiidka ah muusikada ee Golaha Ururrada. Marina, taas oo markaas weli dugsiga, on tilmaamaha macalinka ninkeeda mustaqbalka soo bandhigay xidhmo ubax ah. Soo Bandhigida lamaanaha badan ka dib qaaday. hindiga u dhexeeya Maksimom Dmitrievichem iyo Marina wax yar ka bilaabay ka hor inta uusan ka haajirid in America. Oo waxay ka guursadeen horeba ee Maraykanka, halkaas oo ay kaga tageen iyada jecel yahay. Waxa kale oo jira laba uu lahaa wiil gabadh iyo.

wada nool xaaskiisa labaad

Iyadoo dalka Maraykanka, Maxim Shostakovich iyo Marina si joogto ah u soo booqday kaniisadaha Orthodox iyo Biyac. meel ay jecel ahaa kaniisad yar oo St. Nicholas, dhisay by dadaalka ah naqshadeeye diyaaradaha fiican Igorya Sikorskogo. Go'aanka uu ku soo laabto Russia ayaa la dhigay by isqaba ka dib markii carruurta ay bilaabeen inay koraan. Waxay doonayeen Caruurtooda koray ee deegaanka Ruush iyo soo bixiyey in dhaqan Orthodox ah. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in kaari iyo xaaskiisa ka hor inta uusan Maraykanka ku noolaa in Moscow, ka dib markii uu dalkiisii ku noqday, waxay degeen St. Petersburg - magaalo meesha dhashay Maxim Shostakovich. kaari, qoyska deganaa ee wadnaha ee magaalada halyeeyga on Neva ah. Shostakovich si music soo laabtay, iyo Marina galay nolosha dadweynaha. Thanks to dadaalka iyada at kaniisadda St. Catherine ee dugsiga St. Petersburg ayaa la furay, taas oo carruurta, marka lagu daro maadooyinka muhiimka ah, baray music, barbaro iyo cayaar. Wiilka iyo gabadh Shostakovich ayaa ka mid ahaa ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah ardayda ay. Later, lamaanahan ku hawlan dhismaha hay'ad waxbarasho ee Pavlovsk.

Ku noqo shaqada kaari ee Russia

Iyada oo ku saleysan ee caasimada waqooyiga, isagu wuxuu kor u qaaday hawlaha firfircoon xirfadeed Shostakovich, Maksim Dmitrievich. Music weli meedka meesha muhiim ah in uu naftiisa. Kaari bilaabeen in ay iskaashi la orchestras ee Moscow, St. Petersburg iyo magaalooyinka kale ee dalka Ruushka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu u soo diiwaanka xagga shuqullada noqdeen, oo waxay bilaabeen in ay sameeyaan shows wadada. Sida laga soo xigtay Maxim Shostakovich, music isaga siinaysaa dareen ah in aabbihiis weli waa isaga la, iyo Faraxsanyihiin uu guusha.