LIBOR: Story ee dhacdo, xisaabinta

LIBOR, faahfaahinta kuwaas oo u ururay Thomson Reuters u wakiishay by Exchange Intercontinental ee (ICE), waa tilmaame muhiim ah nidaamka dhaqaale. Waxay ka dhigan tahay heerka dulsaarka celcelis ahaan deynta isku xidhka. Its koritaanka waxay muujinaysaa maqan yahay lacag oo lacag la'aan ah suuqa. dulsaarka Libor waxaa loo xisaabaa shantii lacagaha iyo toddoba muddo credit. hay'adaha maaliyadeed oo badan ayaa u isticmaalaan gaar ah xisaabaha, oo diiradda saaraya iyada shaqo gaar ah.

Taariikhda dhacdo

In 1980, ciidan oo ah alaabta cusub dhaqaale ee suuqa, sida: isku bedelashada dulsaarka, fursadaha lacagta iyo heshiiska weeraryahanka. Oo waxay soo saartay hubin badan in oo dhan isku dayo in la saadaaliyo horumarinta nidaamka. Bishii Oktoobar 1984, Ururka baananka British 'bandhigay caadiga ah ee isku bedelashada dulsaarka. Oo isna wuxuu u noqday maamaan ah Libor. Ku qabanaya in la soo dhaafay si rasmi ah bilaabay bishii January ee 1986.

LIBOR waxaa loo xisaabiyaa ku salaysan tilmaamayaasha Bank Tixraaca ah. Tani waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad si ay u daboosho ka badan 60 dal. Sidaa darteed, heerka Libor ah waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalaa by hay'adaha badan oo dhaqaale iyo ururada ganacsiga xaquuqda lagu dhisayo ay xiiso gaar ah in loo isticmaalo ee credit. Maraykanka gudihiisa, oo ku saabsan 80% of amaahda subprime xiran yihiin in ay. Waa in la ogaadaa in ee ku yaala goobahan adduunka oo dhan isticmaali LIBOR in Dollar Maraykanka. Sidaa darteed, daymaha amaahda saamayn falalka Caal ee.

qeexid

LIBOR - waa boqolkiiba celceliska daynta suuqa isku xidhka ee, xisaabiyaa on sahan ah oo tiro ka mid ah hay'adaha maaliyadeed soo xulay, lagu qabtay ilaa 11 am waqtiga London. Sayidka, tiradaasi la tixgelinayo:

• Soo bandhigid oo ka mid ah hay'adaha ugu wanaagsan ee qiimaha lacagta free u gaar ah oo ku saabsan suuqa isku xidhka ee.
• Farqiga in heerka in lacagaha ee caalamka ugu-loo isticmaalo.
• Qiimaha lacagta ee suuqyada maaliyadeed ee London.

xisaab

Libor waxaa loo xisaabiyaa oo ay daabacday hay'adda Intercontinental Exchange Thomson Reuters. Daily ilaa 11 am waqtiga London sameeyay baadhitaan la xidhiidha tiro ka mid ah bangiyada ku saabsan heerka amaahda ay. Afar extremum sare iyo hoose oo aan la tirin xisaabinta. Qof kasta oo kale oo ku lug leh xisaabinta celceliska, oo waa LIBOR. At 11:30 am, markii London, Thomson Reuters Agency daabacdaa tilmaame this. Waxaa loo xisaabaa 7 muddo shan iyo lacagaha. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira dollar heerka saddex bilood Libor.

In 1986 tiradaasi waxaa loo xisaabaa saddexda lacagaha - dollar ah, pound Ingiriiska oo ay calaamaddu ku taal dalka Jarmalka. Markaas - iyo toban. In 2000, dalal badan oo ay galeen aagga euro ah. Heerarka waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa toban lacagaha. In 2013, ka dib fadeexadii ka qarxay, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la yareeyo liiska shan. Si aad u taariikhda, Libor waxaa loo xisaabaa doolarka Maraykanka, euro, pound British, Japan yen oo faran Swiss.

Ilaa 1998, muddada gaaban ee credit xisaabta lagu darsado marka la xisaabinayo tilmaame oo intaasu waxay ahayd hal bil. Markaas heerka todobaadle Libor ayaa lagu daray. Iyo sanadkii 2001 - maalintii. Ka dib markii dib u habaynta 2013 Libor waxaa loo xisaabaa toddobadii caadada. muddada ugu dheer ee amaahda - waa laba iyo toban bilood.

fadeexad

In June 2012, inta lagu guda jiro baaritaanka lagu helay falal been abuur badan by Bank Tixraaca ee ku shubatay heerka Libor. The shaki ugu horeysay oo ku saabsan muujiyay macluumaadka lagu siiyey muuqday sanadkii 2008. Been ah tirada xisaabinta heerka Libor muddadaas, xataa yeedhay mid ka mid ah sababaha keena dhibaatada dhaqaale ee caalamka. In 2013 wuxuu dhaqan galay tiro ka mid ah dib u habaynta halis ah in tilmaamahan, loogu talagalay in lagu hagaajiyo ay hufnaan iyo si looga hortago qaab qaldan nidaamka dhaqaale ee caalamka.