Formation, Waxbarashada dugsiga sare iyo dugsiyada
Iswaafajinta of jeer in English
In English, waxaa jira arrin naxwe ahaan, loo yaqaan isku xigxiga, ama jeer ansixiyo. Haddii qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee la saadaalin karo xukunka ku riday waqti la soo dhaafay (inta badan ee hore oggalaansho), taas wuxu badali doonaa in falka foomamka lagu burburin karo hoose. Inta badan shaqada noocan oo kale ah waxay dhacdaa si loogu badalo hadal toos ah loogu shubo aan toos ahayn haddii loo baahdo.
Iswaafajinta wakhtiyada: miiska iyo xeerarka
Mararka ay dhacdo in qayb ka mid ah ugu weyn ee soo jeedinta waa fal slozhnopodchinonnogo in la joogo ama mustaqbalka kacsan, falka meelaha hoose aan ku xaddidnayn xeerarka kasta oo ay ku jiri karaan wax kasta oo qaab ku meel gaar ah la doonayo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii falka ee lagu burburin karo ee ugu weyn, kaas oo u dhaqmo sida la saadaalin ah, meeleeyay mid ka mid ah times ee la soo dhaafay, qaybta labaad u baahan tahay isbedel ku saabsan nidaamka gaar ah. In Ruush, this ifafaale kajirin. Tani waa mid ka mid ah qaababka badan oo naxwe ahaan waxay hantiyeen by Ingiriisi ah (waqtiga ansixinta). Shaxda arki doonaa farqiga u.
| hadal toos ah | hadal aan toos ahayn | ||
| jeer kooxda haatan jooga (dhab ah) | |||
goobjoog oggalaansho (Simple) | Angela ayaa yiri: "Waxaan u shaqeeyaa waxay on". Angela yiri, "Waxaan ka shaqeeya waxa on." (Joogto, si joogto ah ama mar mar, waqti ka waqti) | ee la soo dhaafay oggalaansho (Simple) | Anglela ayaa sheegay in ay ka shaqeeyeen waxa on. Angela ayaa sheegay in shaqada (shaqaysay) waxa on. |
goobjoog Progressive (Continuous) | Cecilia noo sheegay: "Waxaan ahay shaqeeya xilligan". Cecilia noo sheegay: "Waxaan ahay shaqeeya la joogo." | Socota (Progressive) | Cecilia noo sheegay in ay ka shaqaynayay xilligan in. Cecilia noo sheegeen in ay ku mashquulsan (ka shaqeeya) wakhtigaas ahaa. |
| goobjoog Perfect | Waxaan u maleeyay: "Mary soo shaqeeyay maanta u fiican". Waxaan u maleeyay: "Mary sameeyey shaqo weyn maanta." (Haddaba natiijada muuqda) | ee la soo dhaafay Perfect | Waxaan u maleeyay in Mary ayaa maalintaas shaqeeyay fiican. Waxaan u maleeyay in maalinta Mary sameeyey shaqo weyn. |
Goobjoog Perfect joogto ah | Camilla caban: "Waxaan la shaqeeya shan saacadood wada. Camille cabanaya: "Waxaan shaqeeyaa shan saacadood." | Ee la soo dhaafay Perfect joogto ah | Camilla ka cawday in ay ka shaqeyneysey muddo shan saacadood wada. Camille ka cawday in hawl shan saacadood oo buuxa. |
| jeer group ee la soo dhaafay (hor maray,) | |||
| ee la soo dhaafay oggalaansho (Simple) | Clara ka shaqaynayay guriga. Clara ka shaqaynayay guriga. | ee la soo dhaafay Perfect | Waxaan ogaadey in Clara ayaa ka shaqaynayay guriga. Waxaanu ka baranay in Clara ka shaqaynayay guriga. |
| Socota (Progressive) | Wuu garan: "Daria waxaa halkan ka shaqeeya shalay". Waxay og yahay: "Daria halkan soo shaqeeyay shalay." | Ee la soo dhaafay Perfect joogto ah | Wuxuu ogaa in Daria ayaa la waxaa maalintii hore ka shaqeeya. Wuxuu ogaa in Daria waxaa shaqeeyey maalin ka hor. |
| ee la soo dhaafay Perfect | Maria ayaa yiri: "Waxa aan ka shaqeeyey ayaa wanaagsan". Maryan ayaa tidhi: "Waxaan sameeyey shaqo wanaagsan." | ee la soo dhaafay Perfect | Maria ahaa hubiso in ay la shaqaysay wanaagsan. Maria ahaa hubiyo in si fiican u shaqeeyay. |
Ee la soo dhaafay Perfect joogto ah | Diana noo sheegay: "Waxaan la shaqeeya mashruuca in muddo laba sano ah". Diane noo sheegay: "Waxaan la shaqeynta mashruucan waa muddo laba sano ah." | Ee la soo dhaafay Perfect joogto ah | Waxaa noqday kuwa loo yaqaan in ay ka shaqeynayeen mashruuca in muddo laba sano ah. Waxaa la ogaaday in Diane shaqeeyeen (si ay u) mashruuca muddo laba sano ah. |
| Future Times Group (mustaqbalka) | |||
| Future oggalaansho | Ben ayaa yiri: "waxaan ka shaqeyn doonaa waxa ku saabsan" Ben wuxuu yidhi, "anigu waan shaqayn doonaa in." | Mustaqbalka ee la soo dhaafay (Simple) | Ben balan qaaday in uu ka shaqeyn lahaa in. Ben balan qaaday in uu ka shaqayn lahaa waxa ay ku saabsan. |
| Future Continuous | Waxay igu yidhi: "Waxay la shaqayn doonaan". La ii sheegay: "Waxa ay ka shaqeyn doonaan." | Future Continuous ee la soo dhaafay | La ii sheegay in ay u badan tahay iyadu lahaa la shaqeeya. La ii sheegay in ay u badan tahay waxay ka shaqeyn doonaan. |
| Future Perfect | Waxay ku fikiray: "Waxaan turjumay doonaa buugga by Sunday". Waxay ku fikiray: "Waxaan u turjumaan doonaa buugga by Sunday." | Future Perfect ee la soo dhaafay | Waxay ku fikiray in ay ku tarjumi lahaa buugga by Sunday. Waxay ku fikiray in buugga tarjumay Sunday. |
Future Perfect joogto ah | By berri John ayaa doonaa akhriska iyo tarjumida Buugaagtan muddo laba bilood ah. Berri waxay noqon doontaa labadii bilood ee la soo dhaafay, sida Yooxanaa ku akhristaan buugaag iyo samaynaya turjumaad. | The Perfect ku joogto ah Future ee la soo dhaafay | Waxaan ogaaday in ay berri John lahaa Akhriya iyo tarjumida buugaag kuwa muddo laba bilood ah. Waxaan ogaa in berri uu noqon doono laba bilood ah, John akhriya iyo tarjumay kuwaas (kuwa) buugaagta. |
Fal iyo magac-
Marka isbeddel la xidhiidha kala guurka ah si ay u hadal aan toos ahayn, transformations dhacaan ma aha oo kaliya qaabka naxwe ahaaneed, laakiin sidoo kale in erayada sopustvuyuschih qaar ka mid ah: Fal iyo magac-time.
- Waxa uu yiri: "Waxaan u bogi biyo-dhac ah Seeraha Qaranka ee maanta". Waxa uu yiri: "Maanta, waxaan kahelaa biyo-dhac ah oo Park Qaranka."
Waxa uu noo sheegay siduu u bogi biyo-dhac ah maalintaas. - Waxa uu noo sheegay sida maxfalka biyo-dhac ah maalintii.
- Waxay noo sheegeen: "Yesterday Waxaan soo iibsaday this dharka sumurud". - Waxay noo sheegeen: "Yesterday Waxaan soo iibsaday this dharka sumurud."
Waxay noo sheegeen in ay mar hore soo iibsaday in sumurud labistaan maalin ka hor. - Waxay noo sheegeen in ay soo iibsatay dhar sumurud shalay.
fal modal
Isticmaalka fal modal waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah muuqaalada. Marka wareegaya kooxda waqtiga kale mararka qaarkood isbedel qaar ka mid ah waxaa la sameeyey.
Beddel fal modal sida ay nidaamka socda.
| hadal toos ah | hadal aan toos ahayn |
| doonaan, Doono | lahaa |
| awooddo | waayeen |
| waxaa laga yaabaa | Mid Noqdo kuwa Yaqiiniya |
| waa in | waa in (haddii malo ama dood macquul ah) |
| waa in | lahaa in (haddii taasoo waajib in xaaladaha external) |
| doonaan | waa in (haddii talo this) |
Waxa uu yiri: "Waxaan u duuli karaan diyaaradaha". - Waxa uu sheegay in uu u duuli karin diyaaradda.
Waxa uu yiri: "Waan ogahay sida loo xakameeyo diyaaradaha." - Waxa uu sheegay in uu adkaysan kari waayay diyaarad.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah fal aan beddelo, waa in, ma waa in, uu doonaynin, lahaa fiican, kari, itaal, waajibka ku ah inay, iwm
ka reeban
Iswaafajinta wakhtiyada ma khuseeyo kiisaska oo dhan. Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah laga reebo:
1. Haddii lagu burburin karo hoose loola jeedaa sharci kasta oo cilmi ah ama xaqiiqda ah si fiican u yaqaan, kuwaas oo weli eegin ansax ah ay saameyn ku leeyihiin dadka ama fikrado, ka dibna markii ugu gorgortanka waa in laga reebaa.
- Our macalin u sheegay in hawada iyo biyaha waa lagama maarmaan ah in xayawaanka.
Our macalin ayaa sheegay in hawada iyo biyaha waa xayawaanka loo baahdo. - qabiilooyinka heer hoose ah ma ay ogayn in dhulka u dhaco wareega xarunta of our nidaamka Solar - The Sun.
qabiilooyinka heer hoose ah ma ay ogayn in dhulka daba noqonayaa xarunta of our solar system - qorraxda.
2. Haddii aad isticmaasho fal ah in qayb ka mid hoose ee falka ma guurto waqti kala duwan.
- Haddii dabaysha qabow ahaayeen, iyadu lahaa gurigaaga tag. - Haddii dabaysha qabow ahayd, ayay guriga aadi lahaa.
Waan ogaa in haddii dabaysha qabow ahaayeen , way tegi lahaa guriga. - Waan ogaa in haddii dabaysha qabow ahayd, ayay guriga aadi lahaa.
Tani waxay ifafaale naxwe ahaan, sida in la is waafajiyo waqtiga, kajirin in Ruush. Si aad u yaqaaniin wax this, waxaad u baahan tahay oo keliya ma aha si fiican u fahmayso sharciyada, laakiin sidoo kale ka shaqeeyaan in diyaarinta madax banaan ee la soo jeediyey iyo wadahadal la mawduuca. Mid ka mid ah hababka ugu fiican - sheeko ka mid ah wada hadal ku ereyadaada kuu gaarka ah.
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