Goobaha dabiiciga ah ee Urals ah: miiska iyo sharaxaad

Ural Mountains ka deel Kazakh xeebta Arctic fidiyey. width of mass dhagaxa waa 100 ilaa 400 km, oo dhererkeeduna waa ka weyn yahay 2.5 kun. Km. Dabiiciga Urals zone ka mid ah noocyo kala duwan oo dhan, ka Dhuldhoobo ku kala horjeeda u deel ee koonfurta.

kala duwan Mountain u qaybsan yahay meelaha ku xiran tahay dhulka ku, cimilada, iyo xaaladaha kale. Ka dib markuu arkay sifooyinka ay faahfaahsan, waxaa suurtagal ah in la fahmo waxa meelaha dabiiciga ah ee Urals qaniga ah iyo kuwa saboolka ah marka la eego ku flora jira iyo dubato.

Urals Polar

goobaha dabiiciga ah Polar Ural bandhigay Dhuldhoobo iyo kaynta. Relief qayb silsilad buurtan sameeyay ay sabab u tahay cimilada dhaxan, Gudaheedana waxaa ku placers dhagaxyo la aasaasay (kurums iyo dhulka gooye). heerkulka ciidda jirkiisa kala duwan ee xagaaga keenaysaa in solifluction.

The noocyada badan ee gargaarka - banka on taas oo raad glaciation. agagaarkeedii leeyihiin dooxada ku taal qaab berkedihii. tip Xiisad leeyihiin oo kaliya danbow ugu sareeya. dhul Alpine muuqataa xagga koonfureed oo dalka Urals Polar ee u dhow oo ka mid ah Dadka iyo Saber.

Urals Polar xaaladaha cimilada qoyan iyo qabow. Xilliga xagaaga, wax badan ay jiraan daruuro iyo roob soo noqnoqda. Heerkulka celceliska bishii ee July - 8 ilaa 14 ºC. Winter waa mid dheer oo aad u qabow. Celceliska January heerkulka kama badna -20 ºC. meelaha caamka ah ee jirkiisa. In dhulka, ay sabab u tahay soconkara, snowdrifts badan oo la sameeyay. roobab celceliska sannadlaha ah ee 500 (waqooyiga) 800 (koonfurta) mm ee roobabka.

Carrada iyo daaqsinka ee Urals Polar ah

aagga Urals Dabiiciga ah saamayn ugu ciidda iyo daaqsinka, taas oo aanay jirin kala duwan oo kala duwan. Waqooyiga, bannaanka Dhuldhoobo u dhulka buuraleyda ah ee baas ah. In xarunta jiraan arkaaan oo dhagaxyo la dhirta ama wax yar. At cagta ee flora Dhuldhoobo wakiil Muuse, lichens iyo ku xoortay. In qaybta koonfureed ee guud ahaan goobaha kaynta, laakiin ay qiimaha ku yimid qaab uu yar yahay.

The kaymaha ugu horeysay Finensej larch cilin muuqan in dooxooyinka, yaal dhaadhaca bari u dhow 68º. w. Tani waxay qayb ka mid ah dhagaxa mass lagu gartaa dhumucdiisuna hooseeyo of cover barafka iyo cimilada qaaradda inta badan sameysa. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira shuruudo wanaagsan ee nolosha dhirta. At Circle Arctic larch kaymaha spruces la badhxay iyo geedaha kedarka ah, iyo koonfurta dheeraad ah - dhirta berooshka ah iyo geed.

Running isku sharci keliya u xiiso badan oo ku saabsan koritaanka larch iyo gran kaymaha. Xaaladaha iyaga u hogaanka of xigtaa ah halkii meelaha guri. Sababtuna waxay tahay, dheecaan wanaagsan iyo nidaam heerkulka.

Severnyy Ural

Gobolka waxaa ku yaal si sax ah on suusho 59aad, seefo koonfurta bilaabataa, kuna dhammaataa Konzhakovsky Stone. sarajooggiisu wuxuu celcelis ahaan xarunta - 700 m kor ku heerka badda. Waxaa ka mid ah ay safafka bariga iyo galbeedka. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah waa lagu qaybsanyahay ah. Inta badan danbow ma waa af miidhan, laakiin koobay.

Si cad u arki karo 3-4 lays dusha qadiimiga ah. Muuqaal kale oo caadiga ah ee gargaarka ah - waa wax badan oo terraces sare oo ku yaalla heer ka sarreeya geedka, ama ay xadka sare. dhismayaasha Kuwani waa mid aad u kala duwan oo keliya ma aha ee buuraha kala duwan, laakiin on dhinac oo iska soo horjeeda. cimilada la mid ah aagga hore, laakiin ma aha sida aad u daran yihiin. roobab celceliska sannadlaha ah ee ka badan 800 mm oo roob ah, gaar ahaan dhaadhacyadii u jeedday xagga galbeed. Uumi oo biyo ah ka soo dusha sare waa wax badan ka yar this qiimaha, taas oo ah meelaha swampy sababta baahsanaanta.

Dhirta iyo ugaarta of Northern Urals

kaynta Boreal mountainsides cover daaha joogto ah. Dhuldhoobo raagayaan kaliya kuraha iyo dhagaxyadii, yaal height ah 700-800 mitir. Dark kaynta boreal dhilka ka kooban yahay inta badan ee gran. Fir koraa meelaha ciidda waa ka bacrin ah. Cedar jecel dalcadaha kaneecada iyo dhagax ah. Dadwaynaha kaymaha gran leh ajada cagaaran iyo bilberry, kuwaas oo caadiga ah ee taiga dhexe. In caaradda waqooyi ay kaynta dhif tag badan oo meelaheeda dhoobada.

Pinery halkan - arrin ku si kaladuwan. Its door caan ah ku yimid qaab koonfureed u muuqataa in 62º. m., istaajineyso bari. halkan oo keliya ayaa waxaa jira shuruudo wanaagsan ee koritaanka dhirta geed: carradu dhagax iyo cimilada qaaradda qalalan. Saamiga kaymaha Sukachev larch aad uga yar tahay in Urals Polar ah. Waxay isla baxaan la Alder geed iyo bjørk qalloocan.

goobaha dabiiciga ah ee ku Urals Northern - inta badan taiga, iyo sharooto yar oo Dhuldhoobo. dubato Local uu ka kooban yahay wakiillo ka caadiga ah ee kaymaha dhilka. Sable halkaas deggan, halkaas oo geedaha kedarka ah u koraan. Waxaa jira wolverines, cas iyo voles cawl iyo Deerada. Live by xubnaha soo socda ee avifauna ah: Hawk guumays, waxwing, nutcracker iyo kuwa kale.

Oo dhanka galbeedna, ee qeybaha sare ee webiga magac la mid ah, oo ku yaalla Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve, oo muujinaya qaar ka mid ah meelaha dabiiciga ah ee Urals ah. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa ugu weyn ee Russia waa. Waxaa xajisto muuqaalka asalka ah ee taiga buurta, marayay dhexe.

Sredniy Ural

Sredniy Ural si dhib leh qaab bedelay ay sabab u tahay gelinba tectonic. Sababtan awgeed, danbow smoothed oo ku yar. The ugu weyn iyaga ka mid ah waxaa ku yaal agagaarka 800 m Railway jid -. Perm Ekaterinburg gudbo xigtaa ee sare ah 410 mitir Mountains waa arrin la wada baabbi'iyey, taasoo keentay in khasaaraha ka mid ah shaqada lagu qaybsanyahay .. Arrintan waxa xaqiijiyay webiga Chusovaya iyo Ufa, asal ahaan on dalcadaha bariga iyo iskala galbeed. dooxooyinka River waa ballaadhan iyo loogu talagalay, waxaa loo muujiyey by dhagaxyada muuqaal dabiici ah ka lalmata oo sariiro webiga.

Ural, goobaha dabiiciga ah Sredniy oo wakiil taiga koonfurta iyo kaynta-steppe, intee ka badan raaxo leh rugtii aadanaha ka badan Waqooyiga. Xagaaga roobab sanadlaha badan diiran oo dheer - ka 500 600 mm. Macnaheedu heerkulka July - 16 ilaa 18 ºC. saamaynta cimilada on carradu iyo Daaq. taiga Koonfurta waxa uu ku yaalaa meelaha waqooyiga, iyo kaynta-steppe - ee Koonfurta.

The dhirta iyo ugaarta of Urals Dhexe

Dalcadaha bariga iyo galbeedka yihiin Dhirta sicad kala duwan. In ka Trans-Ural deel dhaqaaqay badan oo dheeraad ah xagga woqooyi ka badan ee Urals, halkaas oo ay ka heleen jasiiradaha shakhsi kaliya. Mount keymaha ah lakabka joogto ah, kaliya danbow marmar ku kici kor ku xusan soohdinta zone taiga. Dadwaynaha taiga ah, oo ka kooban gran iyo qoryo beroosh ah meelaha kaymaha geed. kaymaha Mixed (gran, qoryo beroosh ah, bjørk, Linden) waa caadiga ah ee gobollada koonfur-galbeed.

Tiro badan oo kaymaha bjørk ku yaal oo dhan Urals Dhexe. Inay soo sara kacaan meelo ka mid ah ayaa faaskii intii kaynta dhilka. Dabiiciga ah gobolka Urals leeyihiin qaab caan ku boqortooyada xayawaanka. kala duwan oo ka mid ah kaymaha iyo cimilada diiran ka qayb qaatay xaqiiqada ah in tirada wakiilada dubato xagga koonfureedba kordhay. deggan caadiga ah ee Urals Dhexe - ee SOS, ilweynta, hamster, adhidibadeed. Ka mid ah avifauna caadiga ah ee Nightingale ah, oriole ah, greenfinch. Xamaarato lagu matalayo sida abeesada, copperhead, mulacyada.

gobolka Muuqaal of Urals Dhexe

• Urals Celceliska. banka Tani, kacsantahay si height ah 500 600 m. Waxaa dhimaysa marayo shabakad cufan dooxooyinka webiga. Si firfircoon dusaya geedi socodka karst keentay in formation of harooyinka badan iyo dublad godadka. dheecaan wanaagsan ka hortagtaa formation of dhoobada, inkastoo lacag badan ay roobabka. Dadwaynaha kaymaha dhilka iyo isku qasan oo leh jaamaha ee kaynta ku yaal.
• Xarunta Dhexe Urals soo bandhigay qaybta ugu sareeya ee xigtaa ah. Sarajooggeeduna waa yar yahay, sidaa daraadeed waxa uu ku dhowaad si buuxda loo daboolay taiga.
• Celceliska Trans-Urals. Waa Caraabaah ah kacsantahay la eexda bariga siman. Waxay leedahay outliers, Oo tiixtiix dhagax adag iyo maddiibadihii gudubno. Dadwaynaha kaymaha geed oo saafi ah, isku dar ah oo dhanba geedo kale. In qaybta waqooyi ee dhulal badan. The kaynta-steppe sii fog waqooyiga marka loo eego gobolka Urals ah. muuqaalka Siberian siin kaymaha bjørk qaab.

Yuzhnyy Ural

Gobolka Tani waxay ka duwan yahay dhexdhexaad xigtaa Ural ee danbow sare (Iremel, 1582kii m, Yamantau, 1640 m). qaybsanyahay ayaa waxaa lagu fuliyaa on xigtaa a Uraltau, oo ku yaalla xagga bari oo uu leeyahay height weyn. Waxay ka kooban yahay schist. In goobta badan yihiin gargaar buuraha dhexdhexaad ah. danbow Goltseva Separate ka baxsan aaga kaynta. Waxa ay dusha waa guri, laakiin waxa uu leeyahay a dalcadaha dhagax weyn uga yaacday badan terraces. glaciers Baydka tagay on Oo tiixtiix iyo Zigalga Iremel raad dhaqdhaqaaqa ay.

peneplain Yuzhnouralsky waa meel bannaan ka, isagoo ah duubnaadaan oo saldhig kiciyey. Waxaa la dissected dooxooyinka webiga, eg canyons. Zauralsky peneplain waxa uu ku yaalaa on dhaadhaca bari, lagu gartaa boos ka hooseeya iyo dusha siman. qaybta waqooyi leedahay wax badan oo ka mid ah harooyinka la qaababka dhagaxa weyn cajiib ah oo ay weheliyaan bangiyada.

The cimiladii Urals Southern weli meelaha qaaradda ka badan ka hor. xagaaga waa diiran, abaaraha iyo dabaylo qalalan ee aagga of Urals ah. Heerkulka celceliska bisha diirran - laga bilaabo 20 ilaa 22 ºC. qabow qaboobaha, cover barafka waa lagama maarmaan. In qaboobuhu webiga si buuxda talaagada si formation barafka, ku dileen tiro badan oo ka mid ah shimbiraha iyo jiirarka. roobab Annual u dhaxeysa 400 600 ee koonfur iyo ilaa woqooyi ee gobolka.

Dhirta iyo ugaarta of South Ural

goobaha dabiiciga ah ee ku Urals Southern waxaa lagu soo bandhigay meelaha steppe iyo kaynta. Flora iyo cover ciidda leeyihiin xuduuddadhulka altitudinal. Chernozem steppe caadiga ah oo ka mid ah meelaha ugu hooseeya ee dooxada ah. In meelaha dhagax adag ah waxaa lagu arki karaa kaynta geed la shaydi ah tir tiro.

steppe Forest degan peneplain Yuzhnoural'skiy, iyo dhaadhacyadii bari ee meelaha waqooyiga duurka. Flora ka kooban yahay steppe isku dar ah oo deggan boreal.

Jadwalka: goobaha dabiiciga ah Ural

Dabiiciga mashquuliyo kala duwan oo Ural waa sida soo socota.

goobaha dabiiciga ah Ural, si kooban u tilmaamay in miiska awood si loo raad raaco ay isbedel tartiib ah jihada waqooyi ilaa koonfur.