Geesigii Qaranka oo ka mid ah dadyowga Caucasian Imam Shamil (biography)

Mid ka mid ah ugu caansan geesiyaal qaran oo ka mid ah dadyowga Caucasian waa Shamil Imam ah. Biography ninkii keenaysaa in gaarnay heer ah in uu nolosha waxaa ka buuxay markooda af badan iyo dhacdooyin xiiso leh. Sanado badan uu madax kacdoonkii dadka buur ee Empire Ruush ah ka gees ah iyo haatan waa calaamad u ah xorriyadda iyo Gardarro ee Caucasus. Biography of Imam Shamil lagu si kooban u soo bandhigi doonaa in dib u eegis this.

asalka ah ee geesiga

Haddii aan taariikhda qoyska ka mid ah oo aan si buuxda diyaar u ah fahamka Biography ee Imam Shamil doonaa. Kooban taariikhda noocan oo kale ah qof waxaan isku dayi doonaa in ay hoos ku soo koobaan.

Shamil ka ah halkii qadiimiga ah iyo sida qaaska ah ee Avar iyo Kumyk sharaf qoyska yimid. Great awoowe geesiga-Kumyk Amir Khan ku riyaaqay sharafta weyn iyo ixtiraam ka qabiillo ay la shaqayn. Shamil Ali awoowe iyo aabbihiis Dengav-Magomed ahaayeen Uzdenov waa analog ah kuwa gobta ah ee Russia, ie ay iska lahaa fasalka sare. Intaa waxaa dheer, Dengav-Magomed ahaa tumaal ah, iyo xirfad waxaa loo arkaa Mountaineers aad u sharaf leh.

Hooyo Shamil yeedhay Bach-Meseda. Waxay ahayd gabadhii sharaf Avar ah bey Pier Budach. Taasi waa labada aabbaha iyo hooyada, oo wuxuu lahaa oo awowayaashiis, oo sharaf leh. Waxaa lagu soo waramayaa by Biography qof caan ah, sida Imam Shamil (biography). geesiyaal National aan weli si buuxda fahamsan yahay. Kalsoonaan karo ogahay kaliya in uu yahay wakiilka of Mountaineers Dagestan. Waxaa si fiican u habaysan awdeen dhiig Avar in xididada uu. Laakiin waxaan dhihi karaa shahaadada qaar ka mid ah itimaalka, in isna wuxuu ahaa aabbihii Kumyk.

Dhalashada Shamil

Biography of Imam Shamil, dabcan, bilaabma taariikhda uu ku dhashay. Dhacdadani waxa ka dhacay June 1797 in dhulka tuulooyinka shil Gimry. tuulada Tani waxa ay hadda ku yaalla gobollada galbeed ee Jamhuuriyadda Dagestan.

Markii hore wiilka ayaa loo magacaabay ka dib markii awoowe aabbaha - Ali. Laakiin wuxuu ugu dhakhsaha badan u jiran dhacay, iyo ilmaha, sida ay caadooyinkii si loo ilaaliyo ka soo jinniyo shar leh, magaca bedelay in Shamil. Waa kala duwanaansho ah magaca kitaabiga ah ee Samuel, waxaana loo tarjumay sida "maqlay by Ilaah." isku magaca ahaa hooyadiis walaalkiis.

Childhood iyo waxbarashada

Sida ilmo, Shamil ahaa wiil arrin caato iyo Afguduud. Laakiinse aakhirkeedu wuxuu u koray a ragga dhallinyarada ah la yaab leh oo caafimaad leh oo xoog badan.

Ever tan iyo yaraantaadii bilaabay inuu qaato qaabka dabeecada mustaqbalka hoggaamiyihii kacdoonka. Waxa uu ahaa xiiso leh, wiil noole la kibirka leh, liicayn iyo baarri labadiisa dabeecad. Mid ka mid ah muuqaalada Shamil ahaa geesinimo aan horay loo arag. Tababaray hubka, wuxuu bilaabay inuu la carruurnimada hore.

Waxaan aad u xasaasi u ah aragti diimeed ee Imam Shamil ahay. Biography ee qofkan la kala saari Karin xidhiidh la diimaha. macalinka koowaad Shamil ahaa saaxiibkiis Adil Muhammad. In laba iyo toban sannadood, wuxuuna noqday mid u tababaran ee Untsukul hogaaminayo Jamaluddin Kazikumukh. Markaasuu wuxuu bartay naxwaha, cod karsanaa, macquulka ah, fiqiga, Carabi, falsafada, in qabiilooyinka buurta ee qeybtii hore ee qarnigii XIX ah waxaa loo tixgeliyaa heer aad u sarreeya ee waxbarashada.

dagaal Caucasian

Aad u dhow la xiriira dagaalka Caucasian nolosha of our geesi, iyo this ka badan hal mar sheegaye Biography ee Shamil. Si kooban u sharax isku dhaca ciidamada dadkan buurta iyo qiimihii boqortooyadiisa Ruush in dib u eegis u dhexeeya.

khilaafka u dhexeeya Ciidanka Mountaineers ah Caucasus iyo Empire Ruush bilaabay wakhtigii Catherine II, marka waxaa jiray dagaal Ruush-Turkish (1787-1791 GG.). Markaasaa dhulka jooggiisu sarreeyo, oo uu hoggaaminayo Sheekh Mansour ayaa waxay dooneen si ay u joojiyaan horumarinta iyo xoojinta Russia ee Caucasus, ka faa'iidaysanaya caawimo ah ee uu co-diimaha ee Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda. Laakiin Turkiga uu ka lumay ee dagaalka this, iyo Sheikh Mansuur ayaa lagu qabtay. Ka dib markii Saarka in Russia ayaa sii waday in ay kordhiso joogitaankeeda Caucasus, dhibaataynta dadka deegaanka.

Dhab ahaantii, iska caabin ah qabiilooyinka buurta iyo ma joojin ka dib markii nabadda Ruush Turks, laakiin ciidamada gaarka ah ee mucaaradka ah ee soo gaadhay ka dib magacaabista Taliyaha Guud Alekseya Ermolova ee Caucasus iyo dhamaystirka dagaal Ruush-Faarisi ee 1804-1813. Yermolov mar oo dhan isku dayay xaliyaan dhibaatada of iska caabin ah dadka deegaanka xoog, taas oo keentay in 1817 oo dagaal-buuxa ah, kaas oo socday ku dhawaad 50 sano.

Inkastoo dagaalka halkii arxan, ciidamada Ruush ku shaqeeya arrin si guul ah, gelinayn control oo dhan qaybo badan oo Caucasus iyo subordinating qabiilooyinka cusub. Laakiin 1827, gooyo yeeri General Yermolov, lagaga shakiyey inuu xiriir la Decembrists ah, iyo in uu meel loo diray General Ivan Paskevich.

ah ee Imamate

Dhanka kale, in halganka la bilawga Empire Ruush bilaabay xoojinta Dadkii Caucasian. gobolka oo dhan qariyeen by mid ka mid ah hadda ka mid ah Sunni Islam - Muridism, fikradda dhexe ah taas oo ahayd jihaadka (dagaal quduuska ah) ka dhan ah gaalada.

Mid ka mid ah daaciyiinta waaweyn ee cilmiga cusub wuxuu ahaa fiqi ah Ghazi Muhammad ahaa tuulada la mid ah sida Shamil. Dhamaadkii 1828 at shir odayaasha qabaa'ilka oo ka mid ah Bariga Caucasus Ghazi Muhammad waxaa la naadiyey imam. Sidaas darteed, wuxuu noqday madaxa xorriyeysey ee gobolka dhawaan la sameeyay - Imamate Caddaan - oo amiir u ahaa kacdoonkii looga soo horjeeday Empire Ruush ah. Isla markii la ansaxiyo horyaalka ee Imam Ghazi Muhammad ku dhawaaqay dagaal ka dhan ah quduus Russia.

Haddaba qabiil Caucasian ayaa midaysan u geliyey ciidan aad hal, iyo tallaabooyinka ay ka heleen khatar gaar ah oo ay ciidamada Ruush, gaar ahaan tan iyo hadiyadda hoggaanka ciidamada Paskevich weli tayo liita Yermolov. War ka qarxay la luminayey cusboonaaday. Bilowgiiba, qayb firfircoon ee colaadda iyo qaatay Shamil, noqdo mid ka mid ah madaxda iyo kaaliyeyaasha Ghazi Muhammad. Wayna la dirireen garabka in uu dagaalka ku for Gimry in 1832 ay tuulada hooyo. Mucaaradka ayaa la hareereeyey by ciidamada boqorkuna qalcadda, taas oo 18kii October dhacay. Inta lagu guda jiro weerarka lagu dilay Imam Ghazi Muhammad iyo Shamil inkastoo is dhaawacay, u suurtagashay in ay soo baxaan Buuloburde, ka dib markii jaray a askari oo Ruush yar.

New Imam noqday Gamzat badance. doorashada waxa loo Yeedhiyaa by xaqiiqada ah in Shamil waqtiga, waxaa dhaawac halis ah. Laakiin imam bey Gamzat joogay wax ka yar laba sano oo lagu dilay halgan dhiig la mid ahay qabiilooyinka Avar ah.

Doorashada imam

Sayidka, musharaxa ugu weyn ee doorka madax ka ah gobolka Waqooyi-Caucasian noqday Shamil. Wuxuu waxaa loo doortay in duqowdii dabayaaqadii 1834. Iyo ka hor dhamaadka ee uu noloshiisa uu yaqaan ma aha oo kaliya sida Imam Shamil. Biography (gaaban ee naga soo bandhigidda, laakiin aad buu hodan u ahaantii) oo boqornimadiisa ayaa la siin doonaa noo by hoos.

doorashada in calaamadsan bilowgii imaamka marxalad muhiim ah nolosha Shamil.

Dagaalka looga soo horjeedo Empire Ruushka

All ciidamada kaalinta it on, si ay ula dagaalamaan ciidamada Ruush ahaayeen guul, Imam Shamil. Uu Biography akhriya si buuxda in goolkii Siicaa noqday ku dhawaad waxa ugu muhiimsan ee uu noloshiisa.

In halganka this, Shamil tusay xirfadaha ciidamada iyo ururada ka badan, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay abuurto in askari kalsoonida guusha, go'aan uma Deg dege. Tayada dambe u kala duwanaayeen ka Imaamyada hore. astaamahaan ogol yahay Shamil si guul caabiyay ah tiro ka badan ay ciidanka Ruush.

control Imamat markii Shamil

Intaa waxaa dheer, iyadoo la isticmaalayo Islam sida goosin ka mid ah dacaayad, Imam Shamil ahaa awoodaan in ay midoobaan qabiilooyinka reer Chechnya iyo Dagestan. Haddii uu ka horreeyay union of qabiilooyinka reer binu dadyowga Caucasian ahayd arrin dabacsan, ka dibna la dhalashada of Shamil uu helay oo dhan muuqaalada qarannimada.

Sida sharciga uu soo bandhigay sharciga Shareecada Islaamka meel ka mid ah dhulka jooggiisu sarreeyo Buzadag qadiimiga ah (adat).

Imamate Caddaan waxaa loo kala qaybiyey degmooyinka, madax Imam Shamil saaray naibs. Background waa laga buuxiyay la tusaalooyin isku day sida maamulka dhexe ugu badnaan. Awoodda Garsoorka ee gobolka kasta oo mas'uul ka ah ee Mufti, kuwaas oo xaakinnada Qadi magacaabay.

maxaabiis ahaan

Shan iyo labaatan sannadood ee xad guul ku taliso Imam North Caucasus Shamil. Biography, hoostana ka kooban kuwaas oo la hoos geyn doonaa, ayaa muujinaysa, in 1859 ahaa tub in uu nolol.

Ka dib markii dhamaadkii dagaalkii Crimean ah iyo gabagabeeyo Peace Paris ku xoojiyey hawlaha ee Caucasus, ciidamada Ruush. Against Shamil Emperor tuureen ah taliye khibrad leh - Guud Muraviev iyo Bariatinskii, taas oo bishii April 1859 ku guulaysteen in ay qabsadaan caasimadda ah ee Imamate ah. In June 1859 kooxda la soo dhaafay mucaaradka ayaa cadaadis ama laga saaray Chechnya.

dhaqdhaqaaqa xoreynta Qaranka qarxay dhex Adygei iyo dhaqaaqay Dagestan, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa Shamil. Laakiin in August, xisbiga hareereeyey ciidamada Ruush. Sida ciidamada waxay ahaayeen qummanaynu, Shamil ayaa lagu qasbay in ay is dhiibaan, in kastoo marka la eego aad u sharaf leh.

In loo haystaa maxaabiis

Maxaa nooga sheegi kartaa mudada taas oo maxbuus ahaa Imam Shamil, Biography? Biography kooban oo ka mid ah ninkan inama soo jiidi Wei sawirada naftiisa, laakiin waxa ay u ogolaan doonaa in ay sameeyaan ugu yaraan profile si adag nafsi ah oo qofka.

Bishii September 1859 horeysay imaamka la kulmay Ruush Emperor Alexander II. Oo waxay noqotay in Chuguev. Soon Shamil loo qaaday Moscow, halkaas oo uu kula kulmay Guud Yermolov caan ah. Bishii September, Imam la geeyey caasimadda ah ee Empire Ruushka, kaas oo la soo bandhigay in Empress ah. Sida aan ka arki kartaa, in hoggaamiyaha kacdoonkii maxkamadda daweeyey aad daacad.

Soon Shamil iyo qoyskiisa ayaa loo xil saaray meel deggenaanshaha waddanka ee joogtada - magaaladii Kaluga. In 1861, waxaa jiray shir labaad la gooyo. Wakhtigan, Shamil ka baryay inuu tago Xajka in Mecca, laakiin waxaa diiday.

Shan sano ka dib, Shamil iyo qoyskiisa ayaa qaaday dhaartii of daacad u Empire Ruush ah, sidaas qaadashada dhalashada Ruush. Saddex sano ka dib, si waafaqsan amarkan ku Emperor ee, Shamil knighthood ka xaq u leedahay inaad u gudbin by dhaxal helay. Sannad ka hor Imam this waxaa loo oggolaaday in ay meesha aad deggan iyo dhaqdhaqaaq bedesho a cimilada wanaagsan more Kiev.

Waa wax aan macquul in lagu qeexo in this wax kasta oo dib u eegis gaaban oo ka badbaaday in maxaabiis ahaan Imam Shamil. Biography oo kooban ayaa sheegay in maxbuus oo intaasu waxay ahayd, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaa xad raaxo leh oo sharaf, ugu yaraan ka barta of view of Ruush.

dhimashada

Ugu dambeyntii, ee isla 1869, Shamil ahaa awoodaan in ay weli doondoonaan fasax gooyo on Xajka in Mecca. safarka Round more qaaday sanad ka badan.

Ka dib markii qorshe Shamil bixitaankii nolosha, oo waxaa dhacay 1871, wuxuu go'aansaday inuu magaalada labaad ee quduuska ah ee Muslimiinta tago - Medina. Waxaa uu on sanadka toddobaatan afaraad ee nolosha dhintay. Imam aasay dalkiisii hooyo ee Caucasus, iyo Medina.

Imam Shamil: Biography, qoyska

Qoyska uu ka degan nolosha ninkan meel muhiim ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida ku sugan oo dhan Mountaineers Caucasian. Aan badan oo ku saabsan qaraabada iyo saaxiibada dagaal weyn iyo madaxbannaanida oo Qoomkiisii ka bartaan.

Sida laga soo xigtay dhaqanka Muslim, Shamil lahaa xaq u leedahay in saddexdii naagood sharci. Waxa uu ka faa'ideystay this midig.

wiilkiisii weynaa oo Shamil magacaabay Jamaluddin (dhashay 1829). In 1839 wuxuu la siiyey sida afduub ah. Wuxuu bartay ee St. Petersburg on par leh reer abtirsan qabiil. Later Shamil ahaa awoodaan in ay is dhaafsadaan ina maxbuus kale, laakiin Jamaluddin ku dhintay da'da 29 ee qaaxada.

Mid ka mid ah kaaliyeyaasha top of aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa wiilkiisii labaad - Gazi-Muhammad. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada naib Shamil uu mid ka mid ah degmooyinka noqday. Wuxuu ku geeriyooday 1902 ee Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda.

ina saddexaad - Saciid - dheeraad ah oo ku dhintay iyo yaraantaadii.

wiilal yar - Muammad-Shefi iyo Muhammad Kamil - ku dhintay 1906 iyo 1951 siday u kala horreeyaan.

Astaamaha u gaarka ah Imam Shamil

Waxaan ku ogan safar nolosha, taas oo ahayd Imam Shamil (Biography, photos waxaa lagu soo bandhigay maqaal ah). Sidee baad u dhigi kara wax nin u eg this siinayaa ugu of this Highlander, hooyo a of Caucasus. Waxaa iska cad in tani ay tahay shaqsiyad geesi iyo qiyaano, diyaar u ah ujeedada sare si sharad dheeraad ah. About adayg Shamil ah qof ka badan hal mar muujiyeen saffarro uu.

Waayo, Peoples Mountain ee Caucasus, Shamil had iyo jeer waxay noqon doontaa calaamad u ah halganka madaxbannaanida. Isla mar ahaantaana qaar ka mid ah farsamooyinka of Imam caanka ah mar walba ma u dhigma fikradaha casri ah oo ku saabsan xeerarka dagaalka iyo aadanaha.