Kevler - waa fiber a dardaro, magaca cilmiyaysan waa "aramid, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide." In 1965, waxaa la horumariyo shirkada Mareykanka Dupont. Sababtoo ah halka ay xoog sare (3620 MPA), a guryaha ilaaliya gaar ah, miisaanka iftiin iyo ductility, Kevler ayaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa in dhinacyo kala duwan. Qoraalkan waa in la hor istaagi saameyn muddo dheer iyo culaysyo awood, waxa aan la doorinaynaa.
1970-x ammaan ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo in xaaladaha Kevler ba'an u wax soo saarka ganacsiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, bilowgii waxaa waxaa loogu talagalay xoojinta ee taayirada baabuurta, si ay u kordhin lahaayeen xoog iyo in la yareeyo miisaanka. Haddaba sii dhaqanka guul iyo sidoo kale xoojinay optic fiber iyo copper fiilooyinka si looga hortago in la dillaacaan iyo siligga difaan ay isku qasan - siiyo caabiga jarida iyo saameynta sugi lahaayeen. Gaar ahaan, dhar caynkaas ah waxa la sameeyaa kursiga difaaca ee dharka ee ciyaaraha fudud iyo koofiyado military iyo gacmo gashi Kevler. Ciidammada ee dalal badan oo adduunka ah ayaa la ansixiyay iyo Kevler, isticmaalaya hantida farsamo, si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa in qalabka iyo amniga adeegyada military. Tusaale A Ra'iisul isticmaalka sida yihiin rasaas caddayn jaakadaha.
All alaabooyinka yihiin Kevler loo qabto iska caabin kulayl sare iyo caabiga acids iyo alkalis. xal u fiican yihiin gacmo gashi dhar la Kevler: in wax soo saarka halista ah, kaas oo la xidhiidha awoodaha ee jeexan galaas ama sheet bir ah, xiriir joogta ah la walxaha cas-kulul (ilaa 100 ° C), warshadaha cuntada, injineernimada farsamada, gaadiidka muraayad ah iyo noocyo kale oo iyaga ka mid ah hawlaha dhiibno. gacmo gashi Kevler kaliya loogu talagalay in ay gacmaha ka jeexan lagu jiro, tusaale ahaan, mass ilaaliyo kalluunka goynta, digaaga, hilibka, miraha iyo khudaarta. Waxay yihiin miisaanka yar oo raaxo leh - in gacmahooda, "neefsato", dabacsan oo ku filan si ay u sii dareen gacmaha oo ayna u oggolaadaan in la faahfaahin yar shaqayn, iyo sidoo kale ku siin xajin aad u fiican - qoyan (moofo saliid) oo qalalan. gacmo gashi Kuwan waxaa macmalay tollayn dusha iyo in tirada kala duwan, sidaa darteed qof walba ka heli kartaa xal sahlan. gacmo gashi Kevler loo isticmaali karaa oo keliya ma aha sida gashi caadi ah, laakiin sidoo kale sida dahaarka ah, iyo sida farsamada. Waxay uma baahna daryeel gaar ah. Dhaq waxay noqon karaan at 40 ° C leh dhexdhexaad ah oomo, iyo baahida loo qabo in wada qallajin heerkulka qolka. Waxaad iyaga ku qaadi karaan si ay nadiifiye engegan haddii aad rabto. Ka dib isticmaalka soo noqnoqda iyo gacmo gashi dhaqidda (mittens) Kevler ilaashadaan hantida difaaca, qaabka iyo muuqaalka, iyo sidaas ay cimri waa weyn oo ku filan.
Well xaqiijiyay in hawlo kala duwan Kevler loo isticmaalaa in sports. Orda, racers, racers mootooyinka iyo ciyaartoyda baseball ugu faraxsanahay in la isticmaalo gacmo gashi Kevler. Ay qallafsanaan, saameynta iska caabin ah oo kulaylka iska caabin ah waxay yarayn kartaa tirada dhaawacyada ama xataa iyaga ka fogaadaan.
Laakiin Kevler oo ay la socdaan faa'iidooyinka la dafiri karin leeyahay faa'iido darrada qaar ka mid ah. At heerkul ku filan sare (430-480 ° C) waxa decomposes, laakiin heerkulka ka weyn 150 ° C lumiyo xoog. heerka kuleylka iyo duration, dabcan, sidoo kale door. Sidaas darteed, in ka badan 70 saacadood oo gaadhista heerkul ah oo ku saabsan 250 ° gashi Kevler C lumin 50% ka mid ah ay xoog. At kul hoose (-190 ° C), on lid ku ah, xoog iyo barti lagu hayo. Laakiin in nolol maalmeedka ay tahay wax aan macquul aheyn si ay u abuuraan jawi in baabbi'in lahaa qaab-dhismeedka kelli ah Kevler.