Fluorspar, fluorite ama: guryaha description iyo codsiga

macdanta Tani waxaa laga yaabaa in midab aad u kala duwan - ka jaalaha iyo casaan si buluug, iyo guduud, iyo xataa madow. Mararka qaar, in kastoo aad u dhif ah, waxaa jira xataa mararka of discolored. fluorite Tani - dhagax in uu leeyahay a boqol oo qof iyo isticmaalka isku.

Fluorspar: guryaha jirka

macdanta waxaa lagu yaqaan in ay dadka ka mid ah qaab ama mid kale tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore. Waxa loo adeegsaday ay ka mid yihiin in barafku ee senti, taas oo si dhakhso ah oo fudud ku caawiyey inuu Daahiriyo ka wasakh. fluorspar isku micne, taas oo loo isticmaalayo in inta badan Mineralogy - fluorite. magaca kale ee la xidhiidha formula kiimikada - calcium fluoride.

Fluorspar inta badan waa a kiristaalo qaab cubic la luster galaas. Coloration kala duwanaan karaan, waxaa jira jaalaha ah, iyo buluug, madow buluug ah, oo cas, casaan, madow, guduud iyo midabyo kale. Sidoo kale, kiristaalo noqon kartaa midab, inkasta oo ay tani waa dhif. Midabayn Soon - waxaa saameyn ku kulaylka iyo shucaaca.

Fluorspar wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin aad u cajiib ah: photo- iyo thermoluminescence. Ka sokow xaqiiqda ah in shay-baarka waxaa iftiimiyey in luchenie mugdiga sidoo kale lagu arkay markii loo feydo kulka sare iyo iftiin UV. At 1360 macdanta degrees Celsius dhalaalayaa.

Name Spar, inkastoo ay taariikhda si caddaalad ah muddo dheer, waxaa la siiyey oo keliya qarnigii XVI ka, Georgiem Agrikoloy, "aabaha" ee mineralogy. Sida iska cad, magaca fluorite (ka fluores Laatiin) la doortay sababta oo legkoplavnosti uu, ama sababta oo ah isticmaalka in howsha senti. Waana mid ka, fluorine helay magaceedii - fluorum - waa ka dhagaxa, ma cagsi ah, maxaa yeelay, element ah kiimikada markii ugu horeysay laga soo macdanta this gaar ah. Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaan weli ka ogaato fluorite?

formula iyo kiimikada guryaha

fluorite saafiga ah - waa CAF _2. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aad inta badan waxa ku jira nijaasta ahaa oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan xubno ka dhulka dhif. Iyagu ma leeyihiin saamayn weyn ku sifooyinka dhagaxa, la beddelo oo keliya qof ee midabka.

Fluorite waxaa ka jawaabay sulfuric acid, siinta off fluoride hydrogen sun, taas oo inta badan keentay in dhimashada experimenters neefsasho doondoonay dhagax falsafada halyeeyga. Sidaas for macdanta dalku warkiisii "jinniyada".

Iyada oo taas waxaa loo diyaariyey, iyo xarumaha kale ee fluorine, iyo sidoo kale element ah ee ay foomka saafi ah. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu caansan waa hydrofluoric acid.

noocyada

Fluorite - dhagax la jiray boqol oo qof, maxaa yeelay, waa ku dhawaad oo dhan midabo iyo midabo kala. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, sida caadiga ah, oo la kala saaro qaar ka mid ah noocyo ay:

• antozonite - midabka kala duwan iyo guduud mugdi ah dabeecad u, waxaa ku jira dad badan oo shucaac fluorine aasaaska;
• hlorofan - nooc ka mid ah oo cagaar ah, ay sabab u tahay jiritaanka udhigo samarium ee ka kooban waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa sumurud been abuur ah,
• ratovkid - gartaa midabka magenta si buluug-buluug ama kan cammuudda ah iyo ganaax-grained ah;
• ittroflyuorit - in bedelka ee calcium iyo yttrium shucaaca mahad noqdo midabo huruud ah.

Dhaqan fluorspar qaldo ah macdanta qaaliga ah .. Topaz, sumurud, amethysts, iwm Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa ay fududahay in la kala saaro. Fluorite - dhagax, oo aan kala duwan engegnaantiinna aawadeed, sidaas darteed waa u fududahay in ay ku xoqin mindi ama irbad. On qiyaasta Mohs ah waxay u dhigantaa tirada 4. Habkaani waa yara adag tahay in la farsameeyo macdanta, gaar ahaan haddii aan ka hadlayno shaqo aad u wanaagsan.

saaridda

Fluorspar - mid ka mid ah macdanta ugu caansan. kayd Its waxaa inta badan laga helaa dolomite, shamiindo iyo hydrothermal senti. Waxaa la socda qaar ka mid kale oo dhagaxyo ah; quartz, galena, calcite, gypsum, apatite, iyo tobasiyos, tourmaline, iwm ...

The kayd la garanayo ee ugu weyn waxaa ku yaalla koonfur-bari ee Germany, England, ku dhowaad meel kasta oo Central Asia, ee Shiinaha, Maraykanka, Central America, iyo sidoo kale in-Trans Baikal, Buryatia, Primorsky Krai. Sida caadiga ah, waxaa jira dhacdooyin 5-6, dhif ah ilaa 20 sentimitir. The dhoofinta ugu weyn ee macdan yihiin Mongolia, Shiinaha iyo Mexico. Waxa kale oo alaab-muhiim ah oo fluorite indhaha waa Kazakhstan.

isticmaalka

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, dadka wakhtiga hore ogaa fluorspar macdanta. Isticmaalka waxaa ka mid ah, ay sidoo kale heleen si cadaalad ah si deg deg ah: samayn kartaa waxyaabaha yar yar ee suxuunta, maacuunta, dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee isku sharraxdid. Tusaale ahaan, in qadiimiga Rome, dheri ah waxaa loo bixiyey murine oo lagu qiimeeyo mid aad u heer sare ah.

Iyadoo horumarinta shaqada biraha, waxaa la arkay in fluorite macdanta waa fluxing aad u fiican, i.e. senti hoos u dhibic xaabo, nayaa kala slags.

Later on, la raasamaal aqoonta qaar ka mid ah chemistry, waxaa sidoo kale loo adeegsaday diyaarinta xeryahooda saafi ah iyo fluorine. Gaar ahaan, weli fluorite (formula CAF ₂₎ loo isticmaalo sida alaabta ceeriin for dareen-celinta taas oo keenta in acid ee hydrofluoric. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa meelo badan oo warshadaha, tusaale ahaan, dhoobada iyo naqshado, simulating muraayada. Sidaas darteed, si ay qiimayn dheeraad muhiimadda ay leedahay fluorite macdanta ma fududa.

Intaa waxaa dheer, hadda waa lagama maarmaan u ah wax soo saarka ee enamels iyo glazes loo isticmaalo optics-sax sare khaas ah design of laser iyo, dabcan, mararka qaarkood mahad jewelers. Iyada oo sax ah jawharad quruxda daaweynta tarmaan, si ay u la tartami karin kuwa ku weheliyana ay ka sharaf iyo naadir ah.

Jewelcrafting

Fluorite - macdanta ah oo inta badan soo maray sida qaalisan iyo dhagaxyo dhif - .. Citrine, sumurud, ametustos, iwm Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khubarada ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa ay adag tahay inuu ku khiyaaneeyo. Laakiin in aan la isticmaalin inta badan sida qobays in decoration jawharad this: debecsanaanta iyo soo socda si kakanaanta processing this kiiska si fudud waa wax aan waxba tarayn. ka reeban ayaa waxay ahaayeen fluorite ee multi-leh midab, isku tiro badan oo midabo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waayo, soo saaridda ee dahabka jaban la daaweyn fudud, waxa uu weli loo isticmaalaa maanta.

guryaha asalka ah iyo sixir

Like macdanta kale oo badan, fluorite waxaa lagu tiriyaa leh awoodda ay cudurro ku bogsiiyaan qaar ka mid ah iyo fududeeyo gobolka. Sayidka, lithotherapists lagula talinayaa in ay sameeyaan wax soo saarka massage ka bukaan dhagaxan ka cabanaya madax xanuun, qalalka, sclerosis. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ay ka caawisaa in laga takhaluso meteozavisimosti iyo daal chronic, loo yareeyo walaaca iyo hurdo caadi.

Sida kasta fahmayn, fluorite ah loo aaneeyey inay u ah guryaha, sida runta ah la yaab leh, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ay u saameeyaan a awood horumarka xagga ruuxa. Waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad xoogga la saaro ee noloshooda la ilaha wax degaanka ee ka howgala caqliga iyo dareenka. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in talismans of fluorite ilaaliya diriraan cadaawayaashooda iyo kordhiyo awoodda ee fikirka gorfaynta wadar tamarta awood wanaagsan.