Taangiga "dhagax xiddig": farsamada khaaska

Dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka dar dar geliyay horumarinta taangiga ma aha oo kaliya in Midowga Soofiyeeti, laakiin dalalka kale ee Yurub. Gaar ahaan, Commonwealth Ingiriiska oo aan ka tagay garoomada, iyo abuuray inta lagu guda jiro dhiig ee Europe taangiga "dhagax xiddig", taas oo lagu tilmaami doonaa in this article.

warbixin guud

Tani waa gaari bartamihii dagaal ka saaciday inay taangiga, kaas oo la soo saaray inta lagu jiro mudada of 1944-1945. In uu ahaa ee la soo dhaafay in line a of aadin oo wuxuu noqday link a KMG ah ka hor inta sameynta taangiyada caadi ah.

macluumaadka taariikhiga ah

In la isticmaalo hore ee haamaha loo yaqaan "Cromwell" khubaro militari, waxaa caddaatay in mashiinada dagaal, kuwaas oo ma awoodaan si kalsooni leh u tartamaan on awood u leh gaadiidka cadowga. Marka tan la eego, ka injineerada British go'aansaday in la xoojiyo tirooyinka curiyay iyo geeddi-socodka waxay noqotay dhigooda shisheeye. Markii hore ku salaysan American M4 Sherman British horumariyo Sherman Firefly ah. Laakiin muddo ka dib sokeeye American ayaa noqday yar iyo sahayda yar xiirashada taangiyada, iyo jasiiradaha ay go'aansatay in ay horumariyaan gaariga. Tani waxay dheecaanka 1944, shirkadda Leyland Motors kor u qaadeen. ku salaysan ayaa la doortay, "Cromwell", dhismaha iyo hubaynta kuwaas oo waxaa la go'aamiyay in la hagaajiyo. Sidaas daraaddeed waxay ku Dhammaan waxaan arkay taangiga iftiin "dhagax xiddig", taas oo hore waa in dayrta ee 1944 bilaabeen inay la soo saaray ganacsi. baabuurta la soo dhaafay ka tagay line shirkii bishii December 1945.

qaabka qaabka

Taangiga "dhagax xiddig" class ka saaciday inay la sameeyey oo ku saleysan version classic. unit Engine dagaal qol qabanqaabiyaa feed ah, lahaa engine qaboojinta nidaamka iyo shidaalka taangiyada. Dagaal qol ku yaalla dhexe ee jiifku iyo munaarad. Waxaa halkan waa in hoy ah qoryaha markabka, dagaal kit, qiime kala farsamo ee qoriga. Kala maamulka iyo gudbinta ayaa sidoo kale ku xiran kasta oo kale oo ku yiil xagga hore ee mishiinka.

shaqaale

Taangiga "dhagax xiddig" adeegi jiray shan qof. Amraya dagaalka, Taliyaha iyo askari ahaayeen dhexe ee jidhka iyo Bache. darawalka, iyo sidoo kale ay ka horreeyay - "Cromwell", oo ku yaalla yar mowjadda in ay dhinaca midig ee dhidibka gaadhya ee taangiga si unit gacanta. goobta shaqada waxa uu ahaa wadaha raadiyaha qaybta bidix ee jirka, u dhaw dhinaca hore ee gaariga, xaq hore ee rakibo leh darandoorriga culus kaliga, kaas oo ay u waayeen, haddii loo baahdo, dhaqanka dab on ciidamada cadowga loogu talagalay.

Hel ee taangiga, iyo sidoo kale soo baxay waxaa ka mid ah sida ay noqon kartaa labo ka mid ah hal dillaacaan, isagoo qaab laydi oo ku yaal qeybta kore ee mashiinka munaaraddii. godobihii Kuwani isla markiiba ka sarraysa askari iyo taliye. Sidoo kale tubada / outlet kale taangiga dillaacaan waxaa dhajinta on qayb ka sara kiciyey kuwii guryaha hore.

munaarad gaashaaman iyo ilaalinta qolof

Taangiga "dhagax xiddig", sawir ka mid ah kaas oo la soo bandhigay in aad fiiro, in maqaal ka taarikada hubkiisa soo giringiriyey, taas oo iyana waxay ahaayeen ku xiran in midba midka kale by alxanka iyo dhajinta on jir ah soo saaray. qol guryaha adigoo ku dhajinta saddex (sare, hoose iyo dhexe) bronelistov. Kuwaas oo ahaa thickest sare isagoo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 76 mm. mashiinada Feed iyo guddiga la ilaaliyo oo dhumucdiisuna waxay sheet of 32 mm. saqafka sare ee taangiga waxaa la soo ururiyey taarikada gaashaaman 25 mm iyo hooseysa - 14 mm.

Tower gaari gaashaaman lahaa xoogaa farqi ah in qaabeynta ka "Cromwell", dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa waa joogitaanka a ka badan ayaa awood hubka iyo waji soo koobay dhinac. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida ururka ka horeeyey, oo dhan shabaqa munaaraddii vertical diyaarin lahayn xaglo rabitaan in diyaarada toosan. Tower sameeyaa welded, iyo go'yaal ay go'an yihiin geeska angular. qaybtii hore ayaa dhumucdiisuna waxay a cajiib ah - 102 mm. Saqafka difaacay saxan hubkiisa of 25 mm.

hub

Si aad u qalabayn taangiga "dhagax xiddig" ayuu, sifooyinka oo aynu ka wada hadlay si faahfaahsan ee qodobkan, shirkadda qoriga semnadtsatifuntovoy "Vickers-Armstrong" si gaar ah u abuuray in ay version khafiifa la dayaca foosto hoos iyo nooca gaabiyey. qalab Tani ayaa markii hore loo yaqaan "Vickers HV QF 77 mm» oo lahaa xawaare ugu sareeya ee bilowga tegey heerkiisa gano 76,2 mm. qiyaas tiro rasaas lacag dhan 65 darbo. rasaasta la dhigay oo ay la socdaan dhinac ee qol la diriraya.

Sii kordhaya qoryaha xagga hore ku jiray munaaraddii in maaskaro semi-cylindrical ah, kuwaas oo, ee jeedo, waxay siin kartaa aalad awood hanuun vertical usii sare.

hub ciidan darran ayaa sidoo kale waxay ahaayeen laba Bren heerkiisa qoriga 7,92 mm. Mid ka mid ah si fiican loogu xiray in ay kubad Buur ee dhinaca bidix ee jidhka. labaad ayaa la aadeen qori iyo xaq ah qoriga. Saanad qoryaha darandooriga u ahaa 3500 rasaas ah, kuwaasi oo ay ku riday nooca dukaamo bean.

Haddii loo baahdo, screen qiiq 12 waxaa loo isticmaali karaa rido bam-gacmeedka (6 dhinac kasta) dhajinta on munaaraddii iyo rasaas deeqaha qiiqa gaar ah shareeraysaa mashiinka cawska maanta duurka ku.

marsho safarka

Taangiga "dhagax xiddig", sifooyinka qaab kaas oo dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ahaayeen ku filan sare iyo ku dhowaad siman kuwa ka mid ah analogs Jarmal ayaa la casriyeeyay Rolls-Royce engine carbureted Meteor V-qaabeeya nooca iyo la siiyaa nooc oo dareere-qaboojiyey a. engine The yeesho awood of 600 hooras, taas oo, ka bacdi, waxay u suurtogelisay in dardar gaariga kor si loo dedejiyo wadada 47 km / h ah.

Sida gudbinta taangiga, waxay ahaayeen qaybo ay dastuurka:

• maamulaha xajin (ugu weyn), ka shaqeeya on mabda'a ah ee khilaaf qalalan,
• ah usheeda dhexe rafaasad multi-yada elongated,
• gear, qalabaysan synchronizers symmetrical;
• marsho shukaanta la Farqiga calaamadaha double.

Guud ahaan, taangiga "dhagax xiddig" waa beddelmay dhowr jiifku ay la barbardhigo "Cromwell". Labada dhinac taagnaa kuwan raadkaygay odnogrebnevaya bir, taas oo soo ururay oo ka soo kabaha ballaaran, dhalista rullaluistemadka caag shangees ah in xaddiga shan cutub iyo rollers taageero, iyo sidoo kale ku hogaamiyay iyo baabuur-wadidda giraangirihii.

Fifth, afraad, rollers labaad iyo koowaad ee nooca taageerada absorbers lama filaan ah Haydarooliga waxaa lagu rakibay.

taangiga lagu daydo Older qalabaysan fiicnaaday nidaamka qaadashada hawada ka deegaanka.

Xogta farsamo Guud

Taangiga "dhagax xiddig", sifooyinka farsamo kuwaas oo, sida kor ku xusan, waxay ahaayeen fiicnayn markii in, lagu gartaa xuduudaha soo socda:

• Total dhererka qori - 7652 mm.
• Width - 3048 mm.
• Dhererka - 2680 mm.
• miisaanka dagaal - 33 tons.
• Masaafada u lagana rujiyey dahsoon - 460 mm.
• noocyada hubka u - giringiriyey steel, dhqaalaha, iska tuur.
• tilmaame awood gaar ah - 18 hooras.
• Headroom horumarka track - 200 km / h.
• cadaadiska dhulka gaar ah tilmaame - 0,88 kg / m ^2.
• dhererka god rukumo - 2.3 m.
• Wall rukumo dhererka - 0.9 m.
• Fording dhererka - 1.1 m.
• Hakinta - "Christie" la absorbers lama filaan ah, nooca Haydarooliga.
• Tirada dadka ku qaadee ah - 5 qof.

dagaal hawlgalka

Taangiga "dhagax xiddig", u eegis lagu sameeyo kaas oo lagu kor ku qoran, ayaa hore u lug dhamaadka dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, sidaas mar dambe ma ay awoodaan in ay leeyihiin saameyn muhiim ah ay natiijada kama dambaysta ah. Tusaalooyinka isticmaalka guul gaadhiga gaashaaman waqtiga ahaayeen kuwo yar yar oo aan baahsan.

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Kuuriya, "dhagax xiddig" waxa uu ahaa ciidamada nabad ilaalinta qalabka sida UN iyo South Korea. Practice ayaa muujisay in, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in taangiga ahaa cusub ee la barbardhigo-Soviet style, waxa uu weli ma ahaa in si buuxda loo tartan ee dagaalka ciidamada farsamo ee DPRK ah ay awood, inkasta oo ay ahayd arrin wanaagsan.

Adeegaya ee Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee United Kingdom "dhagax xiddig" ku sugnaa ilaa iyo bilowgii 1960, iyo in dalalka qaarkood, sida Cuba, Burma, South Africa, Ireland, Finland, kaas oo la dhoofiyo, oo aanu ku noolaan kari waayeen Saf dagaalka ka hor 1970 -x ee. All oo dhan, waxaa la sii daayay 1186 gogo 'oo taangiyada "dhagax xiddig".