Diyaaradaha Su-25: caddaymaha Technical, dhinacyada, description. History of abuurka

The duulista Soviet iyo Ruush leedahay wax badan oo ka mid ah halyeeyga diyaaradaha, magaca ah oo la og yahay in qof kasta oo darajo, xiiso qalabka military kala duwan. Si aad kuwa walaac "Rook" - Su-25 diyaaradaha weerarka. farsamada khaaska ah ee mashiinka tani waa si wanaagsan in ay la ma aha oo kaliya ilaa maantadan la joogo waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalaa in isku dhacyada hubeysan oo adduunka ah, laakiin sidoo kale si joogto ah la casriyeeyay.

Guudmarka

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, weerarkan. Flight xawaaraha - subsonic; Waa buug fiican. Mashiinka waxaa loogu talagalay si ay u dedaan ciidamada weerarka ama madax bannaan ficil qayb ka mid ah unugyada duulista, dhufan karaa accumulations shaqaale iyo cadowga gawaarida gaashaaman, duulaya waqti kasta iyo in ku dhowaad dhammaan xaaladaha cimilada. Maxaa weli waxay keeni kartaa in SU-25 description? sifooyinka The qaab of diyaarad si boosaska in ay sooco kartaa buug oo dhan! Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isku day in aad samayn article a quruxsan gaaban.

Duulimaadka ugu horeeya qaadeen dhamaadka February 1975. Mashiinka waxaa loo isticmaalaa si ballaadhan tan iyo 1981, diyaaradaha ay ku lug lahaayeen oo dhan isku dhacyada hubeysan gayiga Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore, oo ma aha oo kaliya. Dhacdada ugu dambeeyey ee codsiga - dagaal ee 2008 sano Taiwan and. Maanta waannu og nahay in taxanahan ka mid ah diyaaradaha weerarka noqon doonaa adeegga ciidanka our ugu yaraan ilaa 2020, laakiin - ku xiran helitaanka hab doorinta casriga ah iyo si gobolka in ay sii daayo - dheer in si cad aan xad lahayn wareejiyay. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Russia ayaa 200 Su-25. astaamaha farsamo ee mashiinada ah heegan taagan waxaa taageera ay dayactir joogto ah si ay xaqiiqada casriga ah.

asalka ah

Qiyaastii dhexe ee 60eeyaha ku mudnaanta ciidamada Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Maraykanka soo maray isbedel qoto dheer. Waagaas waxaa caddaatay in ilaa haatan u tari fikradda ah burburiyo cadowga iyadoo adeegsanayo hubka nuclear - ismiidaamin ah garaadka oo heer caalami ah. All yimid garawsannay in waana inaan diirada saarnaa isticmaalka hubka caadiga ah. Oo maxaa yeelay labada Kooxahan military mar kale dhegaysanayay horumarinta duulista taatikada sida ciidanka ugu weyn ee weerarka oo dhan isku dhacyada ee sannadihii la soo dhaafay.

Sanadihii kuwa, Midowga Soofiyeeti ahaayeen hubaysan: MiG-19 ah, MiG-21, Su-7b, iyo Yak-28 ah. Makiinadaha kuwanuna waxay ahaayeen mid aad u wanaagsan, laakiin si toos ah u shaqeeyaan in ka badan dagaalka arrin aan wanaagsanayn. Waxay lahaa xawaare flight aad u dheer, laakiin maxaa yeelay, jidh ahaan awoodin in ay wadaan oo ku dhuftay bartilmaameed yar. Intaa waxaa dheer, iskutallaabta ku saabsan tayada weerar ay noqoto la'aan buuxda oo ku boos ah, waayo bartilmaameedyada dhulka weerar dhulka for diyaaradaha, kuwaas oo keeni lahaa khatar ku dhimanaya qori kasta. Waxay ahayd markaa in shuruudaha loogu talagalay a SU-25 ah ayaa la dhigay. farsamada khaaska ah ee mashiinka cusub waa in ay leeyihiin wax ay ku soo celiyaan kuwa IL-2 halyeeyga: hubkiisa, awood kar, xawaaraha duulaya yar oo hub ciidan.

Warbixin kooban oo ku saabsan horumarka

Sidaas darteed, ciidamada degdeg loogu baahan yahay in diyaarad gaar ah. Sukhoi ugu dhakhsaha badan lagu bixiyo mashruuca T-8, oo waxaa la sameeyey by injineerada ay iskood. oo isaga mooyaane, 1969 tartanka waxaa ka soo qaybgalay ku-Il 102, laakiin mustaqbalka, "Grach" hoosaysa khilaafeen ka yar size, iyo hub, iyo dhaqaajinta. Taasi waa sababta ay "jikada" horumarinta Iftiin cagaar ah ayaa la siiyay, iyo weerar cusub oo sharaf ayaa dhex maray oo dhan imtixaanada. Tani waxa ay ahayd in badan sabab u ahaa xaqiiqada ah in samaynta ayaa la isticmaali karaa marka la abuurayo mabda'a gaari survivability dagaal ugu badnaan xaaladaha oo dhan.

Gaar ahaan wax badan oo dareenka ayaa la siiyaa awood u leh inay iska caabin ah saamaynta MANPADS diyaaradaha weerarka, kaas oo wakhtigaas bilaabay inuu u muuqdaan tirade in ciidamada qalabka sida ee cadowga ka iman kara. Taasi US "miciyo" noqday madax xanuun dhab ah helicopter our in Afghanistan, oo sidaas daraaddeed dhammaan tallaabooyinka la qaaday ma ahaayeen siyaado ah.

"Haanta" option

Waxbaa ka duwan abuuray Su-25T. History, sifooyinka hubka ay si toos ah lala horumarinta baabuurta gaashaaman ee muddada. NATO ayaa sharad ku taangiyada culus oo si fiican u ilaaliya final, oo sidaas daraaddeed loo baahan yahay "dacawo" diyaaradaha weerar gaar ah, taas oo keeni karta in ay weerar kale oo ka xawaare hoose, bixinta diirada u baabba 'ka wanaagsan.

Aqbalay beddelid this la ansixiyay 1993. Si ka duwan caadiga ah "Rook" waa yar yahay, laakiin waxay yihiin. Midaynta guud la "Waalid" diyaarad - 85%. Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee waa qalab kaamil ah arkidda oo adag gantaalaha lidka taangiyada "dabaysha cirwareenta ah". Nasiib darro, burburkii midowga ee 12 baabuur dhisay, 8 kaliya ahaayeen in Russia. wax soo saarka iyo casriyeynta ee diyaaradaha, kuwaas oo dheeraad ah ayaa la sameeyey. Waxaa wax laga xumaado, ee Su-25T, sifooyinka waxqabadka in si kalsooni leh u oggolaadaan ku dhuftay oo dhan taangiyada Western, mar dambe ma duuli iyo gashaday la dhigto weligeed ah ee xarunta Lipetsk ah.

qaababka ugu muhiimsan:

Naqshadaynta sameeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo si fiican u aasaasay qaabeynta aerodynamic caadiga ah iyagoo baalashooda meel sare sita. Si ka duwan ka tirsan, ay sabab u weeraraan go'aankan helo heerka ugu sareeya ee dhaqaajinta xawaare subsonic.

Muddo dheer khubarada ayaa la legdamayay leh qaabeynta fiicnayn aerodynamic of mishiinka, laakiin dadaalka aan tiimbadeen aan micne lahayn: waxaa jira heerar sare ee wiishka dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee dagaalka Marba, aerodynamics diyaarad u fiican, dhaqaajinta fiican marka soo socda si ay u weeraraan diirada dhulka. Sababo la aerodynamics gaarka ah SU-25, sifooyinka farsamo kuwaasi oo ka wada hadlay in maqaalka, waa awood u leh inay tagaan on weerarka at xaglo muhiim ah, iyadoo la ilaalinayo amaanka duulimaadka sare. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, diyaaradaha quusin karo xawaare ilaa 700 km / h, halka isagoo laabto a of 30 digrii.

Waxaas oo dhan, iyo sidoo kale duwan oo heer sare ah ee Boos, oo aan mar ogol yahay duuliye inuu ku soo laabto saleeyaan on hal engine oo keliya, sooctey, muday iyo Careeyey qaraxyo ah gantaallo iyo MANPADS rasaasta qoryaha machine guns.

ammaanka baabuurka

Dhamaan waxqabadka duulimaadka Su-25 wax yar ku kici lahaa, haddii aadan heerka uu gaarsiisan ilaalinta mishiinka. degree A of sare this. miisaanka duushay "Rook" waa in ka badan 7% wuxuu ka kooban yahay xubno ka Boos iyo nidaamyada kale ilaaliya. Miisaanka uu leeyahay noocan ah waa tan ah oo dheeraad ah! All hababka duulimaadka muhiim yihiin ma aha oo kaliya ugu ilaaliyo, laakiin sidoo kale labalaabka. Laakiin weyn ee ay xoogga ku dhiirigelinayaan Sukhoi siiyo ilaalinta nidaamka shidaalka iyo qol ah.

Her kaabsal oo dhan laga sameeyey oo ABVT-20 daawaha titanium ah. dhumucda hubka (at goobo kala duwan) laga bilaabo 10 ilaa 24 mm. Xitaa glazing muraayadda waa mabda'a block TSK-137 ee 65 mm qaro weyn, kaas oo bixiya ilaalinta pilot ka xabadood, oo ay ku jiraan heer aad u ballaaran. pilot bronespinki dhumucdiisuna - 10 mm. madaxa A ilaalinta saxan 6mm. Aan xun, miyaanay ahayn? Laakiin sidaas maaha oo dhan.

In dhammaan meelaha pilot la ilaaliyo rasaas heerkiisa qori in 12.7 mm loo dhan yahay, oo qiyaas ah oo hore si looga hortago in cudurku ka hub barreled, heerkiisa uu yahay kaas oo ah ilaa 30 mm loo dhan yahay. In muddo gaaban, ka-Su 25, sifooyinka farsamo kuwaas oo ka baxsan ammaantaada, ay awoodaan in ay u istaagaan oo keliya ma aha inuu nafsaddiisa, laakiin sidoo kale u ah nolosha ee tijaabada ah, taas oo uu.

About fursadaha geeddiga

In degdeg ah, pilot ee jawaabaha badbaadada higsiga kursiga K-36L. Waxaa loo adeegsan karaa in dhammaan hababka duulimaadka, at dhan xawaare iyo xaaladaha saadaasha hawada. Ka hor inta hirku ejection waxaa dib by isticmaalka squibs. kursiga Ejection waxaa lagu fuliyaa gacanta by tijaabo u baahan yahay inuu mar jiid labada gacanka.

diyaarad hub ciidan weerar

Dabcan, ka-Su 25 'Grach' sifooyinka xeelad iyo farsamo kuwaasi oo ka wada hadlay in bogagga maqaalkan, ma si fudud u noqon kartaa liidata hubaysan. Waxaa ku qalabeysan yahay qori diyaaradaha, on load dibadda lagu dhegaysanayay hanuuniyey karo iyo bambooyin mortarro, Nursi, iyo sidoo kale gantaalo hanuuniyey "hawada-to-hawada." All samaynta waxaa ka mid ahaa suuragalnimada in yar a lahayn ka badan 32 nooc oo hub kala duwan. shaqaalaha ugu weyn - madfac 30-mm a Sudee-30-2.

Ogow in dhammaan description this of Su-25K taxane soo saarka 8th, taas oo hadda u taagan tahay in adeegga Federation Air Force Ruush ah. Waxaa jira hab doorinta kale (sida Su-25T), laakiin makiinadaha, kuwaas oo aad u yaryar oo kaalin gaar ah ay u ciyaaraan. Laakiin ha noo siidaynta oo ka mid ah sifooyinka of "Rook" ku soo laabto.

Hubka kale - lifaaqan, ayaa qarka u saaran ku xiran tahay sifooyinka of hawlaha intii uu socday dagaal ay leeyihiin doonaa si wax looga qabto duuliyaha diyaaradda weerarka. Under garabka kasta waxay leedahay shan dhibcood ganaax noocyada kala duwan ee hubka. gantaalaha la hago oo dhajinta on rido APU-60 model bombooyinka kale, gantaallo, iyo Nursi waa pylons nooca CDD-25. miisaanka ugu badan baabba 'ka dhigan tahay oo qaadi karaan weerarka, waa 4400 kg.

sifooyin waxqabadka Key

Si lagaaga caawiyo in aad malayn in awood Su-25, sifooyinka farsamo natiijada la soo dhaafay ugu fiican liiska:

• The Raven Full - 14.36 m.
• Total dhererka Diyaaradaha - 15,36 m.
• height Housing - 4,80 m.
• Wadarta aagga garabka - 33,70 m.
• miisaanka madhan - 9500 kg.
• The miisaanka qaadataan-off caadiga ah - 14600 kg.
• miisaanka qaadataan-off ugu badnaan - 17600 kg.
• Nooca Engine - 2hTRD P-195 (on diyaaradaha ugu horeysay - R95SH).
• xawaaraha ugu badan ee badda - 975 km / h.
• kala duwan oo ugu badnaan (taangiyaal dhibic) - 1850 km.
• gacan The of at height ugu badnaan - 1250 km.
• Xadka of dayuurada dhulka kor ku xusan, in xaaladaha dagaal - 750 km.
• Flight saqafka - 10 km.
• height wax ku ool ah ee la dagaalanka shaqada (ugu badnaan.) - 5 km.
• dollar ugu badnaan hab dagaal - 6.5 G.
• markabka The - tijaabo ah.

Ma og tahay halka ay diyaaradda Su-25, sifooyinka farsamo waqti la xaqiijiyay ugu horeysay ee kaas oo aan hadda ka wada hadleen?

Afghanistan

Bishii Maarso 1980, mashiinada xisbiga, inkastoo dibad kulul oo injineerada aadan waqti inay geeyaan ah "xaalad" jeclaystay, uu u soo diray inuu Afghanistan. Duuliyayaasha ma lahayn waayo-aragnimo ku habboon dagaalka ka dhacay buuraha, Airporka laftiisa waxaa ku yaal si fiican kor ku heerka badda. Sababtoo ah toddobaadyada ugu horeeya ee kooxda horyaalka si ay kor uga sii wanaagsanaato xeeladaha iyo shaaca ka qaaday "cudurada caruurta" diyaaradda, taas oo si gaar ah cad cad kuna sugan xaalado buur adag.

By toddobaadkii labaad, farsamo cusub ayaa ku lug lahaa gobolka Farakh. Oo markiiba waxaa caddaatay in Midowga Soofiyeeti ahayd diyaarad fiican weerarka. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in injineerada laguma talinayo at "Rooks" horeysay dollar rasaas ah oo miisaankeedu yahay ilaa afar tons, baahida loo qabo in si dhakhso ah kacay. Si ka duwan Su-17 ah, taas oo qaadan kartaa ugu badnaan 1.5 tan oo bambooyin, weerar cusub kiciyey samada siddeed qolofka culus pyatisotkilogrammovyh oo u oggolaan waayo, Jeelal iyo boholaha abid shaabadeeyey, oo qariyey Mujaahidiinta. Xataa markaas, ciidamada noqday doode sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda korsato degdegga ah ee mashiinka geli jiray.

Dagaalka looga soo horjeedo MANPADS

Iyada oo dadaallada Maraykanka iyo Afghanistan Shiinaha si deg deg ah u muuqday MANPADS casriga ah. Si ay iyaga la dagaalanka kaxeynayo ganaax isticmaalo ACO-2, kaas oo cajalad kasta 32 waxaa dabin IR. On diyaarad kasta oo laga lalmiyaa yaabaa sideed kaxeynayo sida. Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa pilot la halista ugu yar in ay sameeyaan si sagaal shturmovok at sortie kasta.