Warshadaha nukliyeerka Ruush: Warshadaha, ee tilmaamaha ugu weyn iyo hawlaha

Intii u bilaawmay 1954 magaalada Obninsk, dhirta ugu horeysay ee awoodda dunida ka hawlgala tamarta ee isotopes uranium, wuxuu bilaabaa in uu taariikhda ee warshadaha nukliyeerka. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in saamiga tamarta nukliyeerka si ay sare ee Millennium labaad waxay noqon doontaa in aan ka yareyn 25% wax soo saarka korontada ee dunida oo dhan. Laakiin nasiib darro, ay sabab u tahay shil halis ah, oo ay ku jiraan Chernobyl ee sannadka 2000 by yahay ee shidaalka nuclear waxaa shaqaysay% ka mid ah korontada dunida ee kala ah 6.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo uu qaab aad u liita in industry ee la sameeyay a meelaha yar. Waxay mashquulin muhiimada weyn ee dhaqaalaha, difaaca iyo warshadaha ee qeybaha kala duwan ee dalal badan.

Ururka ayaa ah warshadaha nukliyeerka

Wixii ka badan kala bar ka badan qarnigii of horumarinta technology nuclear ee Russia, waxaa la sameeyay afar waaweyn, kala saari Karin xidhiidh si adag kale kasta oo cilmi ah iyo warshadaha:

1. Energy. In mas'uul ka ah macdanta, kobcinta iyo soo-saarka shidaalka nuclear, abuurista shirkadaha meelaha sida tamarta nukliyeerka, warshadaha, warshadaha nukliyeerka.
2. Hubka. Kormeero horumarinta iyo imtixaanka of noocyo cusub oo hubka nukliyeerka.
3. ammaanka shucaaca. Waxa looga golleeyahay in ka waxyeellada daran ee ionizing shucaaca ilaaliyo ka ab la joogo iyo mustaqbalka.
4. daawada nukliyeerka. Implants diyaarinta radionuclide ee ogaanshaha iyo daaweynta cudurrada.

Sidoo kale in industry ee nuclear oo ka mid ah oo adag cilmi, kaas oo ku hawlan horumarinta aqoonta aasaasiga ah oo codsatay in physics nuclear iyo raxan qalada bi'iyo nuclear. Currently, warshadaha ee Ruush nuclear ka mid ah in ka badan 250 shirkadood. Hawshoodu ugu weyn - isticmaalka ballaaran ee technology nuclear ujeedooyin nabad ah.

adag oo tamar

Sababta oo ah xidhiidhka dhow ee warshadaha nukliyeerka iyo amniga ee dalka, awoodda oo dhan ku urursan gacmaha Corporation State "Rosatom" ah. Waxa ay ahayd tii ahayd mas'uul ka ah horumarinta iyo ciidamo ka mid ah farsamooyinka nuclear gudbikaraa oo ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa aadanaha. Uranium waa miino inta badan ee Kazakhstan. warshadaha nukliyeerka ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay ballaariso soohdimaheeda, iyo iskaashi la sameeyaan wadamadda kale - Namibia, Armenia, Kanada.

kobcinta Uranium ku hawllan yahay afar shirkadood si wadajir ah-stock, iyo wax soo saarka ee shirkadda weyn shidaalka nuclear "TVEL", kaas oo bixiya dhammaan 10 ka hawlgala dhirta nukliyeerka ee Russia, iyo sidoo kale 17% dhammaan Quwadda Nuclearka ee dunida.

Hubka Nukliyeer Complex

Enterprises adag hubka nuclear aan waa-hoosaadyada kala gooni ah ee warshadaha difaaca ee Russia ka. Waxay si dhow ula ururrada kale, oo ay ku jiraan shirkadaha rayidka ah shaqeeyaan. The macaamiisha ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka tamarta nukliyarka waaxdan waa tareenka, baabuurta iyo gaaska iyo batroolka.

Hawsha ugu wayn ee NWC, taas oo ka mid ah warshadaha nukliyeerka, waxa uu wadaa siyaasadda ee dheehan waano nuclear - ilaalinta dhulka iyo muwaadiniinta dalka ee hubka nukliyeerka si ay dalalka kale. Ujeedada this, dhismaha waxaa ka mid ah dhowr xarumood oo nuclear federaalka.

Badbaadada Shucaaca Complex

Ilaalinta dadka iyo deegaanka ka gaadhista shucaac - rogo oo ah beddelmi karin ee "Rosatom".

Si taas loo gaaro, dhismaha waxaa ka mid ah shirkado badan, kaas oo sannad kasta go'aan ka laba qaybood oo waaweyn:

• Hubinta howlgal ammaan ah shirkadaha hadda jira ee warshadaha nukliyeerka. mashaariicda ilaalinta tigoodu nuclear ka masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah, falalka argagixisada, iyo sidoo kale deegaanka ka shucaaca halkan yihiin oo la fuliyay.
• Qubo ku harta shidaal qaatay, iyo sidoo kale in xididada loo goobaha duqoobay "Atoomikada Project" ee USSR.

Sanad kasta si wax looga qabto arrimahan warshadaha nukliyeerka helo 150 billion rubles.

daawada nukliyeerka

In la kaashanaya Hay'adda Biomedical Federaalka abuuray daawo adag nuclear, kaas oo noqon doona si buuxda goboleedka. Hore u dhismay oo PET-dhexe (Sawirid ah si raajito) Qalabka oo sheega doonaa marxaladaha hore ee horumarinta buro, metastasis iyo lesions bahal ah.

adag waxaa ka mid ah shaybaarada in beekhaamineed isotopes iyo gacan ku haynta tayada, iyo sidoo kale si toos ah xarumaha caafimaadka, taas oo ah baaritaanka iyo daawaynta bukaanka.

technology Nuclear istawooday nolosheena. Haddaba dalka ee ku yaala goobahan ayaa waxaa kujira Man saabsan 190 kun.. Oo ma aha la yaab leh in dowladda ayaa qeexay maalin taariikheed - 28 September, taas oo ah shaqaale ka tirsan warshadaha nukliyeerka la oran karo waa ay fasax xirfadeed.