Dhowr versions of sababta Baty ma in Novgorod ma tagaan

siyaasad firfircoon si uu u qabto dalalkan cusub ee qarniyo 12-13 th, gacan ka koritaanka xoolo dhaqasho reer guuraaga ah iyo rabitaanka in ay qabsadaan ay tahay hodantinimada cayinnayn awaalka dalalka horumaray ka badan deriska ah. Laakiin ololaha ka dhanka ah Novgorod, Batu ma ay qaadan meel. Tan iyo reer guuraa ah ma aha cunto u soo baahidooda, heersare ay u garaacayeen ama koorsada ganacsiga, ama (taas oo inta badan ahaa) ee geedi socodka boobka iyo dhaca. In dalalka deriska ah, Mongols arkeen hoos u dhac iyo dirir gudaha, waxaa macquul ah inuu ku soo bilowdo dagaalka ah ee Fatxi qummanahay. Ina keena aynu baaro sababta Baty ma in Novgorod ma tagaan.

Cabirka leeyahay Genghis Khan ee qarnigii 13aad

Great ciidamada Khan ayaa qabsaday meelahan soo socda:

• Bartamaha iyo Asia Dhexe.
• Southern Siberia.
• Khorezm u dhexeeya labada Rayaale.
• North Caucasus.
• Adkaaday ciidamada Joorijiyaan-Armenian iyo Alans.
• Badda ee Azov.
• Ururka Polovets Ruush-jabin on p. Kalka.

Ka dib markii dhimasho Genghis Khan ee 1227, lahaanshaha of Empire Mongol ah waxaa loo kala qaybiyey dhowr ulus. Taliyayaashuna waxay noqdeen wiilashiisii iyo grandsons.

Go'aanka duulaan ku Mongoliyaan in West ah

Go'aanka qabsashadii of territory Ruush waxaa loo sameeyey kulan guud ee ku abtirsan Mongol ah (Kurultai) ee 1235. Mongolia si fiican isu diyaarinayaan dagaal. Dhowr amiirradii, iyo saraakiishii, iyo nukers Mongols fiican ka qeyb qaatay, kuwaas oo colaad muddo dheer. Sida boqortooyadiisa lahaanshaha ee reer guuraa galbeedka u tageen inay Batu, awow ee Genghis Khan, wuxuu qabtay oo kaxeeyey olole ka mid ah dalalkan oo hodan ah. Ujeedada waxay ahayd Bariga Yurub.

Bilowgii duulaankii ee Batu

Si loo ilaaliyo oo uu gadaal, Batu adkaaday qabiilooyinka Polovtsian ugu horeysay, ka dibna halaagnay Bulgaria Volga. gobolka waxa uu dayn inay ka jiraan. In 1237 ciidankii reer guuraaga tegey on the Russia North-Eastern. Mongols gubay xilligii dagaaladii iyo waxashnimo ah baabbi'iyey magaalooyinkii soo socda:

• Ryazan dhacay ka dib go'doomintii todobaadkii.
• La gubo Kolomna, Tver, Pereyaslavl, Moscow.
• 4 maalmaha weerarku ka dib, ayaa xoog ku galay oo la gubo Vladimir.
• 2 todobaad heroically iska caabiyay, laakiin markaas ka dhacay Torzhok.

Tiro badan oo labada degsiimooyinka waaweyn iyo kuwo yaryar oo ka mid ah-North East of Russia waxaa lagu halligay, oo ay la socdaan dadka deegaanka ah inta lagu jiro waqtiga dayrta-qaboobaha 1237-1238 sano ah. Billowga roobabkii guga iyo awood la'aanta in ay u guuraan gaadhi culus oo dhulka ku dhoobo noqday mid ka mid ah sababaha Baty ma in Novgorod ma tagaan. Mongols The ma aysan gaarin magaalada qaar ka mid ah 100 km.

duulaankii labaad ee ciidamada Batu ee

ciidamada Continued qabsatay sannad ka dib, mar kale ee dayrta-qaboobaha. Wuxuu qabtay Crimean ah, uu ku dhacay oo lagu gubay Kiev, Galich, Vladimir-Volyn, magaalooyinka kale ee koonfurta iyo galbeedka Russia. Batu markaas oo ciidankiisa kala qaybsan. Part u tageen inay Poland iyo Hungary, kale - si xeebaha bari.

Maxaad Baty ma in Novgorod ma tagaan? Sababtoo ah ciidamada uu u dhaqaaqay dhinaca kale. Qabtay Sandomierz, Lublin, Krakow, Wroclaw. Knights Polish iyo Jarmal looga adkaaday. guutooyinkiisii Mongol qabsadeen Hungary, Austria, Croatia, Dalmatia, Czech Republic, in Vienna yimid, dhowaanin Venice. qabashada Xulka Europe Batu jebiyey, isagoo warbixin ka helay oo ku saabsan dhimashada Khan Udegeya in Karakorum. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma soo laabtay Mongolia, Batu Khan aasaasay gobolka on Volga hoose, xaq Zolotaya Orda. soohdimihiisu ka Danube si Irtysh fidiyey.

Laakiin waxa ku saabsan Novgorod ah?

Su'aasha ah marka Baty qabtay Novgorod, ayaa hal jawaab: ma aysan dhicin. The duulaankii labaad Mongol ma ahayn hal xili ciyaareed. Batu keentay qabsashada dhulalka kala firdhiyey taxane weeraro. Khan, taasoo muujinaysa xoog military uu ciidan, magaalada ugu baaqay in ay soo gudbiyaan ay Nuker. Kaliya madax caabiyay degsiimooyinka baa la baabbi'iyey.

Si iskood ah isku soo dhiibeen dejinta bixisay qaansiin Khan fardo, cunto iyo calafka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ciidankii reer guuraa xoolahooda iyo gaadhi caadi ahaan lama dagaallami laga yaabaa in marka la eego webiyada, kaymaha, webiyada iyo meelaheeda dhoobada. Taasi biyagaleenka ahuba iyo dhalaalid guga markii labaad si aad u joojiso ololaha Batu Novgorod iyo caawiyey magaalada weyn inay ku sii dhex milmin.

Isla mar ahaantaana, Novgorod u yeedhay ilaalinta ee Knights Livonian weerareen-North West of Russia, Aleksandra Nevskogo. Waxaa laga yaabaa in joogitaanka this Taliyaha dhalinyarada koox ayaa sidoo kale door ka ciyaaray magaalada ka weerarada miyiga badbaadinayo.

version kale oo jawaabta su'aasha ku saabsan sababta Baty ma in Novgorod ma tagaan, ayaa sheegay in ka dib markii xilli qaboobaha tuulooyinka Ruush waa ficil ahaan ma kaydka cuntada xayawaanka. Qariyaan tuulada, qaadashada diyaar u ah yaroow hay jiilaalka, reer guuraa quudin fardahoodii iyo dibi. Waxay lahaa si ay u joojiyaan in tallaabo aagga ciidamada, iyadoo ay jirto wax ay ku quudiyaan xoolahoodii.