Cybernetics sida anshaxa a

Cybernetics - sayniska ee geedi socodka maamulka ee nidaamka firfircoon, kaas oo ku salaysan sal akhriska ee macquulka ah, xisaabta iyo isticmaalka baahsan ujeeddo this kombiyuutarka.

Andre Marie Ampere qiyaastii laba boqol oo sano ka hor, dhameystirnay cinwaankiisu yahay "maqaalo ku saabsan Philosophy of Science." In xisaabyahan Faransiis ah iyo jirka dadka oo dhan waxay doonayeen inay codify cilmiga sayniska ee hadda jira. In qaybta gaar ah cilmiga sayniska ku riday, oo wuxuu u malaynayay in ay ahayd si ay u bartaan hababka ilaalinta bulshada. Magaca sayniska this, wuxuu ka Giriigga ereyga "kibernetes" soo jeeda, taasoo la micno ah "Badmareenada", "Badmareenada".

Cybernetics Science Ampere la saaray qeybta "Politics". Muddo dheer ah kuma aannu isticmaalin ereyga at dhan, dhab ahaantii waxaan halmaamay ku saabsan.

Kaliya ee 1948, Norbert Wiener, xisaabyahan ah American, daabacay shaqada "Cybernetics, ama Control iyo Isgaarsiinta ee noolaha iyo mashiinada ku nool." Buuga ismaandhaafka dan weyn ee dadweynaha.

Asaaska u yeedhay cybernetics aragti macluumaad, aragtida ah ee aragtida automata iyo algorithms Akhrisatay hababka dhismaha nidaamka for processing macluumaadka. qalab xisaabta sayniska cybernetics waa mid aad u ballaadhan. Waxay ku lug leedahay aragti itimaalka, aragtida shaqada, macquulka xisaabeed iyo laamaha kale ee xisaabta.

In horumarka ah wajiyadii sayniska si cybernetics ciyaaray biology weyn doorka in daraasaad maamulka habka soo jireenka ah ee dabiiciga ah. Muhim horumarinta cybernetics ahaa koritaanka qalabaynta iyo korontada, taasoo keentay in soo bixitaanka of kombiyuutarada la xawaaraha sare. Tani waxa ay kor u furay fursado aan horay loo arag u falanqeeyo warbixinta iyo jilidda of Hab kontaroolo.

Adeegyada sayniska cusub bilaabay in ay isticmaalaan physics, xisaabta, biology, maskaxda, jirka, dhaqaalaha, falsafada, injineernimada jiho oo kala duwan.

Maxaa yeelay, geeddi socodka maamulka waxbarashada cybernetics, sayniska, kuwaas oo ay ku doonayeen inay horumariyaan geeddi socodka maamulka ee meelaha is-dulsaar ah. Sidaas darteed, dareenka ugu daraasadda ayaa keentay in ay u shaqeeyo nolol - in qofka nidaamka control of nooca ugu sarreeya, oo qoreysa saynisyahano iyo injineero ayaa damcay inuu soo saari by yahay ee mashiinada ah.

Cybernetics baadha guryaha guud ee kala duwan ee Nidaamka kantaroolka, kuwaas oo soo jireenka ah iyo duur-joogta, oo ay dunida oo organic, iyo kooxaha dadka.

Control shay (mashiinka, line iswada, unugyada nool, set oo ah characters) iyo unit gacanta (maskaxda ama mashiinka) si joogto ah isdhaafsiga macluumaadka.

Maamulka la xidhiidha gudbinta, kaydinta, raasamaal, processing xogta, macluumaadka oo qeexaya shayga, deegaanka dibadda, koorsada ah hababka ugu, barnaamijka shaqada.

hababka kala duwan ku kala duwan yihiin midba midka kale by dabiiciga ah warbaahinta (iftiinka, dhawaaqa, kiimikada, farsamo, signallo koronto, documents). Laakiin kiis kasta, hawlgaladaa ku xiran yihiin sharciyada guud. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah lagu gartaa joogitaanka-celin. Sidoo kale, dhammaan qalabka gacanta ka mid ah waxyaalaha aasaaska oo Tilmaamo in ay leeyihiin sifooyinka caadi soo jireenka ah iyo noolaha iyo mashiinada aan dabiici ahayn. Waxay awoodaan inay Arkaa macluumaadka ku jira, waxa ku ururto, xusuus, iwm

Cybernetics hormariyey aad u degdeg ah. About rubuc ka mid ah qarnigii a waxa uu ku koray mid ka mid ah nidaamo keentay, kaas oo helay aqoonsi sayniska iyo muhiimadda universal galay.

cybernetics Maanta - sayniska buuxa fuliya oo ka mid ah mabaadii'da maamulka ee aagag la xushay sayniska iyo bulshada (dhaqaale, farsamo, cybernetics nuclear, iwm) Cybernetics yeesho fikradaha iyo dhistaa ah model maamul.

Internetka waxaa lagu magacaabaa nooc ka mid ah gacanta ku aragto in labada urur ee habka, kuwaas oo xubno ka yihiin kuwo isku xiran, Waxay bixisaa xal fiicnayn dhibaatooyinka firfircoon; Waxa uu isticmaalaa hababka gaarka ah ee cybernetics (feedback, is-urur, iwm); isticmaalaa qalabaynta iyo mechanization shaqada ee maamulka iyo ku saleysan technology computer iyo maamulka computer.