Sidee ahaa xoraynta Prague (hawlgallada Prague)? Prazhskaya qaliin: Natiijooyinka

Sidaas darteed hawlgalka Prague ah, Army Cas xoreeyay caasimadda ah ee Czechoslovakia, iyo sidaas dhameystirtay Dagaalkii Adduunka ee labaad ee Europe. Magaalada ayaa waxaa ka bariyeelay Wehrmacht ah ciidamada maalinta ku xigta ka dib saxiixa falka ee is dhiibin ee Germany.

ka hor

In guga ee 1945 Berlin iyo Prague hawlgalka ahaa chords final of guuldaradii ee taliskii Nazi ee Europe. Marka caasimadda ah ee Germany ayaa isku dhiibay, caasimadda ah ee Czech Republic ayaa weli ma ay saameeyeen dagaalada ka. ciidanka Soviet sugayay amarka si loo horumariyo on Prague. At heerka ugu dambeeya ee dagaalka oo dhan ee Europe ayaa noqday cake ah oo la wadaago oo u dhexeeya dalka guuleystay. Waayo, wakhtigu waa qaar ka mid ah waxaa ku jiray wadahadalo ku saabsan weerar ay suurtagal tahay ku Prague, ciidanka American. Laakiin ugu danbeyn u dhaqaaqay Czechoslovakia gudbikaraa oo saamayn of USSR.

fiidkii of May 8, markii Taliska Sare Jarmal waxay mar hore saxiixay qalab ah ee is dhiibin in Prague galay ballantaas ay Soviet. Naasiga sii magaalada gacanta ku, waxaa la soo jeediyey in ay shuruud la'aan soo dhiibaan. Waxay la siiyay maalin si aad u fakarto. hawlgal weerar bilaabmaa at dhacdo ee failure. kooxda Prague ee Wehrmacht ahaa weyn. Halkan at line la soo dhaafay joojiyay koox ka mid ah ciidammadii "Center", taas oo ah kala bar oo dhan labaad ee dagaalka ka Midowga Soofiyeeti u laabteen. Guud ahaan, magaaladuna wuxuu lahaa oo ku saabsan 900,000 oo askari oo Nazi iyo xulafadooda u cararay Prague oo dhan ka Europe ee la xoreeyay.

ururka hawlgalka

Marka diyaarinta pre-shaqayn waayo Soviet amarka fiiro gaar ah la siiyo abuurista kooxaha madaafiicda waaweyn. By bilowgii dhacdo ee la soo dhaafay ayaa la soo ururiyey oo ku saabsan 6000 qoryaha iyo madaafiic. At heerka ugu dambeeya ee dagaalka Army Red ma ay dhibaato software ah. Waxaan ahaa marka laga reebo lahayn, iyo hawlgalka this. weerar Prague Ulasocto warshadu hawada ku of Air Army 2aad, amray by General Stepan Krasovsky. ku dhowaad 2000 diyaarad la geeyay on line ugu muhiimsan, si ay u taageeraan - xitaa 400.

Dhamaan go'aanada la xiriira qeexidda of size loo isticmaalo by ciidamada, hogaanka of 2aad iyo Lugbuur Yukreeniyaan 4aad. Waxa ay ahayd "hooseysa" initiative, taas oo keliya ka dib markuu arko "meel" heerka adkeeyey. Waa maxay, ka barta of view of ururka, ayaa adag hawlgalka this? Prague, buuxinaya "madaxa" Dagaalka ka Great Patriotic "Append" in rush cajiib ah. Tusaale ahaan, ciidamada 1aad iyo Lugbuur Yukreeniyaan 2aad lahaa in ay isku urursadaan in seddex maalmood. Goortaas waxay ahayd abbaaraha masaafada of 100-200 kiiloomitir iyo mass weyn dadka.

raacdada Start

May 6 Exploration Ciidanka Cas ayaa sheegay in cadowga bilaabeen dib u gurasho abaabulan oo ka mid ah meelaha Czech qabtay fogaan ah oo ku saabsan 100 kiiloomitir u jirta Prague. Ciidamada Soviet bilaabay raacdada cadowga. wiifto ah Rearguards Wehrmacht iyo cutubyo ka hor kala firdhay oo Front Yukreeniyaan 1aad. hawlgallada Prague, natiijada ay ahaayeen ilaa ugu dambaysta dhabta ah ee dagaalka, wuxuu ahaa raacdada ah Jarmalka tihidin kuwa ka. Waxaan ku dhicin in ay iska caabin garoomo dhowr ah. Waxay inta badan ay ahaayeen dadka la rumeysan yahay fikirka si daacad ah Nazi iyo go'aansaday in ay dhacdo guuldarro dalka dagaalka ay wax ay lumiso weli.

istaraatijiyad ugu weyn in cadowga baabbi'in uu noqday aragtaan wada awood on the oo xanjaadka u cadowga. Sidaas daraaddeed Jarmalka, dadka kale ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale waa la baabbi'iyey, noqoto khatar yar. Wax ku ool ah cadeeyay inuu yahay is dhexgalka ee Ciidanka Cas. Bilowga ee hawlgalka this asal ahaan jiray jabhada Yukreeniyaan 2aad iyo 4aad, oo ka dibna 1aad iyo 2aad. taangiyada weerarka ahaa deg deg ah, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in ay lahaayeen in ay u dhaqmaan in dhul kayn ah buuraleyda. Waxay u guuray 60-100 kilomitir maalin kasta.

Oo isla maalintaas (May 6) 4-tii ilaalada Haanta Army hore u dhowayd dalcadaha Mountains Ore ah. Waxay ahayd dharbaaxo ka jihada lama filaan ah Dresden, taas oo loo ogol yahay in ay go'doomiyaan isutagga 40,000th of Wehrmacht ee Breslau ah. May 7 bilaabay ciidamada of Front Yukreeniyaan 2aad. ciidanka 7aad ilaalada Shumilova si degdeg ah ayaa dhex maray difaacyada Jarmal iyo horumar in fogaan ah 12 kiiloomitir. Isla mar ahaantaana, ciidamada Front Yukreeniyaan 4aad, diriray Olomouc - an xarunta gaadiidka muhiim ah in ku xiran Czech Republic oo dhan.

Baxso ka Prague

ka hor waxay si degdeg ah Army Cas on dhammaan qaybaha hore ee quusta laga badiyay rumaysadka ee guusha ee fashiistaha ah. Taliyaha ciidamada Jarmal ee caasimada ah ee Czechoslovakia ahaa Ferdinand kubadsameeyaha. Waxa uu amar ku qaxidda ee galbeed. Kooxda Jarmalka ayaa ka doorteen in ay is dhiibaan si Americans halkii Midowga Soofiyeeti. Abaabulan gurasho ah ee Prague bilaabay 9 May. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aad ugu dhakhsaha badan aan mar dambe la gacanta doonaa qof kale oo galay isriixidda noqotay.

Dhanka kale, koox shaqo joojin ah Front Yukreeniyaan 2aad ku soo jabay khadadka kale cadowga. Waxay hormartay 60 kiiloomitir, in la dhiso gacanta Znojmo. garabka bidix ee ciidanka ahaa on bangiga of Danube oo bilaabay in ay u guuraan oo ay la socdaan ay xeebta waqooyiga, iyagoo soo laabatay dalka Jarmalka. Inta lagu jiro intii saddex maalmood ah Soviet Air Force duulay ka badan 7000 weera ah, taageeridda weerarka jabhada Yukreeniyaan.

xoraynta ee magaalada

May 9th of Ukraine ee Front 1aad galay Prague. Haddaba Army Cas iyo wakiilada adeegyada ammaanka ma aha in la siiyo Jarmalka in ay soo baxaan. In this ay ka caawiyay by Awliyadiisa Czech, kuwaas oo ogaa magaalada iyo degaannada ku hareereysan yihiin ajaanibta aad u fiican.

East of Prague, hareereysan in ka badan 50 kala qaybsanaanta u muuqday. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen ciidamada ugu weyn ee cadowga. askari oo Jarmal ah ayaa la kala daadsan, taliyayaasha waayay qaar ka mid ah gacanta ku keceen uu. Orod qabtaan Mareykanka kaliya a qaybahoodii qaarkood, ay iska leeyihiin kooxda ciidammadu "Austria".

dejinta ROA

Prague hawlgal weerar ku qaadeen ma aha oo kaliya ka dhanka ah Wehrmacht ah, laakiin sidoo kale ka dhanka ah ROA - Liberation Army Ruush. In formation this ahaayeen iskaashi ee Soviet, bilowga ah ee dagaalka u baxay iskaashi la Germany. In guga ee 1945, ROA go'aansadeen in ay ka baxdo xagga galbeed, si aanay u dhaco gacmaha masuuliyiinta Soviet galay.

Waxaa laga yaabaa in 12 ayaa la qabtay oo sirkaalkii ciidanka ee General Vlasov. Isaga iyo saraakiil kale oo badan ROA la geeyay Midowga Soofiyeeti. Waxaa, ay isku dayeen iyo toogasho. ROA askar caadi ah oo la qabsaday intii uu socday hawlgalku in Prague, inta kor ku dhamaaday xeryaha oo la masaafuriyey.

iska caabin ah la soo dhaafay

Haraadiga ku Socda ciidamada SS ayaa la dilay habeenkii of May 12. dagaalka ayaa waxaa laga badiyay iyo madaxa dawladda "kooxood dhimashada" maxaliga Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghaus. Kooxdan la soo dhaafay waxaa ka kooban tahay kala qaybsanaan "Das Reich" iyo "Wallenstein".

Oo waxay gaadheen xuduudda la leh Mareykanka dib 9 May laakiin waxa ay diideen in ay aqbalaan is dhiibin ee qaxay. Markaas hareereeyay Jarmalka abuuray a xerada yar deyr leh. Evening of 11 Waxaa laga yaabaa ay weerareen koox ka mid ah saraakiisha ammaanka ka Shacabka Commissariat Difaaca Qaranka ee USSR. Si dhakhso ah ku soo biiray Ciidamada Cas. By subaxdii of May 12 this unit Nazi ee la soo dhaafay ayaa la burburiyay. Sayidka dhamaaday howlgalka Prague ah. Sannad ka sannad, dadka degan magaalada wakhtigii dabbaaldegyada bixiso cashuur ka liberators Soviet. magacyadooda la siiyaa jidadka iyo jardiinooyinka. Marshal Konev, oo hogaaminayey hawlgalka weerar, waxaa laga dhigay muwaadin sharaf magaalada Balti.

Loss iyo natiijooyinka

waa hawlgal oo intaasu waxay ahayd laba milyan oo Ciidamada Red iyo dalalka huwanta (Poland, Romania iyo Czechoslovakia), dhammaadkii dagaalka. The difaaca Jarmal Prague ahaa isku day quus ah unugyada yar in ay jebiyaan soo baxay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaallo kuwaas oo keentay in khasaare weyn - oo dhan dagaalka ku dileen 12-kun oo ka tirsan ciidamada Red.

In yar maalmood ee qaybo ka mid ah hawlgalka Soviet ah u suurtagashay in ay la burburiyo ama la soo qabto oo ku saabsan 860 kun oo askari oo ka mid ah Wehrmacht iyo SS ah. In maxaabiista ka ahaayeen 60 Guud ee Group Army "Center", iyo qaar kale. Waxaa la qabtay ee 9500 qoryaha koob iyo madaafiic, kumanaan ka mid ah diyaaradaha, 1800 taangiyada iyo hubka weerar, iyo hub kale oo kala duwan iyo qalab militari.

May 11 hawlgallada Prague u yimaadeen inay gunaanad macquul ah. ciidamada Soviet gaareen line of xiriir la Mareykanka. Waxaa la sameeyay ee xuduudda la leh magaalooyinka dalka Chemnitz iyo Plzen. Tan iyo Czechoslovakia oo sannado badan loo gudbikaraa oo Soviet saamaynta ahaa. xeerka shuuciga la aasaasay ee dalka. Dawladdu waxay galeen Ururka Heshiiska Warsaw ah.

Operation ee 1945 iyo 1968.

Maaddaama ay horumar dheeraad ah hantiwadaag Czechoslovakia waxaa inta badan marka la barbar dhigo qalliinka ee Prague (1945) iyo waxyaalihii ay Spring Prague ee 1968. mid ka mid ah la soo dhaafay bilaabay markii dowladda Soviet soo rogay magaalada uu yahay ciidamada Slavic ee dalka, iyagoo ku dooday in ay go'aan, "caadi ka ah ee xaaladda siyaasadeed." In 1968 ee Czechoslovakia, dabcan oo dhan waxay ahaayeen dib u habaynta deeqsi ah, oo ma jeclaan hoggaanka USSR ah, sida ay natiijo noqon kartaa hab ka mid ah saamaynta Czechoslovak communist.

Prague Spring, "Operation Danube" iyo dhacdooyinka ku xiga waxay noqdeen qayb muhiim ah oo dagaalkii qaboobaa. Maanta, habdhaqanka Czech dhacdooyinka ee 1945 iyo 1968. mid kasoo horjeeda. Xaaladda hore, ciidamada Soviet in Prague yimid sida liberators ka naasiga ah, iyo kii labaad, isla kuwan raadkaygay taangi milatari iyagoo jajabiyey xorriyaadka dimuqraadi ah dadka degan Czechoslovakia.