Colaadda ee North iyo South Korea, nuxurka, sababta taariikhiyan ah. Taariikhda ee khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South

Maanta, on Jasiiradda Korean ah, oo ku yaalla Bariga Asia, waxaa jira labada dal - North Korea (DPRK) iyo Republic of Korea. Sida iyo sababta la sameeyey labadan dalalka? Waxaa intaa dheer, sababta labadan waddanba si aasaas kala duwan ka soo kasta oo kale oo waxa sabab u yahay ay cadaawad? About sida ay u dhan dhacay tan iyo bilowgii, khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South ma mideeyo dalalkaas, ka akhriso wax.

bilowgii qarnigii XX. qabashada of Korea by Japan

Waa maxay nuxurka iyo meesha khilaafka uu leeyahay asalka ay North iyo South Korea? Jawaabta oo gaaban su'aalahan ma fududa, maxaa yeelay, shuruudaha taas oo horseeday in soo bixitaanka of labadan gobolada, dagaal xagga kasta oo kale, waxaa la aasaasay ka badan boqol sano ka hor.,

Xitaa qarnigii XIX ah, Kuuriya ahayd dawlad madax bannaan, laakiin wuxuu galay gudbikaraa oo ka mid ah danaha dalal kala duwan u dhacay, gaar ahaan Russia, China iyo Japan. Waxay isku wajahay dagaalka ee xaq u leeyihiin inay xukumaan Korea. qayb Final in iska hor imaad this ciyaaray Ruush-Japanese War of 1904-1905. Sidaas darteed of iyada Japan ugu dambeyntii aasaasay ay awoodda ku saabsan Jasiiradda. Markii hore aasaasay Maxmiyadii badan Korea, by 1910 Japan si buuxda waxaa ka mid ah gudahood xuduudaha gobolka. Sayidka la abuuray shuruudaha, mustaqbalka, ayaa keentay in colaadda inaynu naqaan South iyo North Korea, taariikhiyan ee kaas oo lagu qiyaasay ka bartamihii qarnigii XX ah.

Sidaas darteed, 35 sano, ilaa guuldaradii ee Japan ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, Kuuriya hadhay ay gumeysi. Dabcan, inta lagu jiro xilliga this, Korea ay isku dayayaan inay dib u madaxbanaanida, laakiin militarist Japan Saurez in biqilka oo dhan isku day sida.

Intii lagu guda jiray shirka, ku qabtay magaalada Qaahira ee 1943, kala hadlay su'aasha ku saabsan rajada hawlgallada milateri ee gobolka Asia-Pacific. Xad dhulal degan Japan, waxaa la go'aamiyay in mustaqbalka si ay u bixiyaan madax Korea.

xoraynta ee Korea, oo kala goo galay zones waqtiga

In 1945, ciidammadii huwanta oo ku degay Peninsula Korean ah, siday u kala horreeyaan, ciidamada Soviet galay woqooyi iyo Maraykanka - oo ku yaalla koonfurta. In mustaqbalka iyadoo ay sabab u this iyo Koonfurta iyo Waqooyiga la sameeyey Korea. Taariikhda colaadda taariikhda dalka dib ugu heshiis u dhexeeya Maraykanka iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti qaybiyay laba qaybood, waayo dhiibin go'aan-Japanese intan ka waxtar badan. separation ayaa waxaa fuliyay on barbar 38aad, iyo ka dib xoreynta ugu dambeeya ee Peninsula Korean ka duulay Japanese sokeeye ay bilaabeen in ay sameeyaan dawlad KMG ah si ay u sii midoobidda oo ka mid ah meelaha waqooyiga iyo koonfurta ee gobolka muhiim hoos imaanaya hoggaanka midaysan.

Waxaa xusid mudan in aaga koonfureed, wuxuu ahaa mas'uul ka ah Maraykanka, iyo jiray caasimadda ah ee gobolka hore Kuuriyaan - magaalada Seoul. Intaa waxaa dheer in, in qaybta koonfureed ee mugga dadweynaha Jasiiradda ahaa ku dhowaad labo jeer ka badan ee waqooyiga, oo taasuna waxay ahayd dhabta ah ee khayraadka beeraha iyo warshadaha.

The USSR iyo Maraykanka karin ama uusan rabin karaa in ay ka doodaan

ka dib, waxa ay shaaca ka qaaday in dhibaato cusub - Maraykanka iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti ku heshiin waayaan habka of midoobidda ee dalka. Waxay is khilaafeen arrimo badan oo ku saabsan ka bixitaanka ciidamada huwanta oo ka nidaamyada Korea, doorashooyinka, dhismaha dowlad wadajir ah, iyo wixii la mid ah. D. Isku in ay ku heshiiyaan in ay wax ma keeni muddo ku dhow laba sano. Gaar ahaan, Midowga Soofiyeeti hore ku adkeystay on bixitaanka ka soohdinta reer Korea, dhammaan ciidamada shisheeye ka dib waxa ay ku dhici kartay Socota iyadoo qodobada harsan ee qorshaha. America ma ku raacsan tahay soo jeedinta this, iyo xagaagii 1947 buriyay su'aasha Kuuriya in Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay. Waxaa laga yaabaa in nuxurka khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South markii hore la dhigay iska hor imaad u dhexeeya labada Kooxahan - Maraykanka iyo USSR.

Laakiin sida America riyaaqay taageerada inta badan xubnaha Qaramada Midoobay, su'aasha Korean waxaa loo tixgeliyaa oo ansixiyay shuruudaha la soo jeediyay by United States. Taa baddalkeeda, Midowga Soofiyeeti ka soo horjeeda, si kastaba ha ahaatee, hore u sii go'aansaday in Qaramada Midoobay in la dhiso guddi gaar ah, oo shaqadoodu ahayd in abaabulka iyo qabashada doorashooyinka ee Korea. USSR iyo ay ka taliso maamulka North Korean ayaa diiday in ay u oggolaadaan Guddiga QM ee qaybta waqooyi ee Jasiiradda.

Abuurista laba Jamhuuriyadda gaar ah oo madax-bannaan

Inkastoo muran, ee May 1948 in dhulka by Maraykanka kormeero, doorashooyinka waxaa loo qabtaa sida ay sabab u ahayd taas oo la aasaasay Jamhuuriyadda madaxa banaan ee Korea, ama - in South Korea. Si ay u sameeyaan dawlad, madax Madaxweynaha Syngman Rhee, waxaa haga dunida reer galbeedka oo ay ula shaqeyn doonaan Mareykanka.

ka dib, in qaybta waqooyi ee Peninsula Korean ah ee bisha August ee sanadkan la mid ah sida doorashooyinka waxaa loo qabtaa, iyo bishii September, ayaa ku dhawaaqay in la aasaaso DPRK, haddii kale - North Korea. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa la sameeyay dawladda pro-shuuciga, madax Kim Il Sung. South iyo North Korea - si labada dal wada madax-bannaan ayaa la abuuray. isku dhaca wuxuu ku bilaabmaa dagaalka la socday labo sano ka dib.

Ka dib markii abuuraya labadan waddanba Maraykanka iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti bilaabay in ay ciidamadeeda kala baxdo ay territory. Waxaa xusid mudan in mid kasta oo ka mid ah dawladaha dhowaan la sameeyey markii hore ka dhigaysa sheegashada ah in dhulka oo dhan Jasiiradda Kuuriyaan iyo in ay caddayn sida dawladda kaliya ee sharciga ah ee Korea. Xiriirka ka sii dartey, dalka ururtay awoodaha ay ciidamada, khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South, sii kordhaya iyo si tartiib tartiib ah u wareegeen diyaarad xoogga. In 1949-1950 GG. Waxaan bilaabay in ay dhacaan isku dhacyo yar yar oo ay weheliso isku midka ah 38aad, taas oo ah xuduudaha u dhexeeya Jamhuuriyadda sameeyay danbe dhex maray dagaal-buuxa.

Bilowgii dagaalkii Kuuriya

By June 25, 1950 colaadda heerka hoose ee North iyo South Korea si tartiib tartiib ah shakhiyeed uu dagaal culus. Dhinacyada ayaa wadajir kasta oo kale oo ka mid ah weerarkii lagu eedeeyay, laakiin maanta waxaa la qaadayaa in gardarooday ahaa North Korea. Just dhawr maalmood u caddaatay in ciidanka North Korean badan weyna soo horjeeda, maxaa yeelay, maalintii shanaad dagaalka, ayay u suurtagashay in ay qaataan Seoul. Dowladda Maraykanka ayaa si deg deg ah si gargaarka ee South ka yimid, iyo sidoo kale Qaramada Midoobay ayaa bilaabay olole ah oo ku eedeeyay North Korea for gardarada, ugu baaqay beesha caalamka in ay taageero military siiso South Korea si loo soo celiyo ammaanka gobolka.

Sidaas darteed of mid noqoshada ee unugyada American, oo iyaga iyo ciidamada ka dambeeya, midoobeen ay marti-gelisay ee Qaramada Midoobay, colaadda North iyo South Korea, Army Koonfurta suurtagashay in ay ku jiraan weerar cadowga. Taasi waxaa xigay a counter-weerar dhulka ah North Korea, taas oo keentay in mid noqoshada ee unugyada iskaa wax dagaal Shiinaha. USSR ayaa sidoo kale taageero military for North Korea, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan aaga dagaalka ayaa mar kale u dhaqaaqay qaybta koonfureed ee Jasiiradda.

Natiijada of War Korean ah

Ka dib markii counter-attack kale ciidanka South Korean iyo huwanta ayay ciidamada caalamiga ah UN by July 1951 goob dagaal ugu danbeyn u dhaqaaqay barbar 38aad, oo ay la socdaan oo muddo laba sano ah sii dhex dhaceen ku xiga. Waxay ugu dhakhsaha badan caddaatay in kharashka ku guuleystay mid ka mid ah dhinacyada dagaalamaya waxaa laga yaabaa in aad u sareeya, sidaas oo kale ayaa xabad July 27 waxaa lagu qabanqaabiyaa. Waxaa xusid mudan in heshiis xabbad-joojin ah oo gacanta ku hal taliye u saxeexay Ki iyo Shiinaha, oo dhinaca kale ah - Mareykanka hoos calanka Qaramada Midoobay. Xaaladdan oo kale, Maraykanka weli hayn joogitaanka ciidamada South Korea.

ilo kala duwan oo ay soo sheegaan tirooyinka duwana ku khasaaraha ka mid ah dhinacyada, taasoo keentay in khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South, laakiin waxaan dhihi karaa hubaal ah in khasaaraha kuwanu waxay ahaayeen weyn. Sidoo kale, wax badan oo dhaawac labada dal, sida dagaalada ka ahaa ku dhawaad oo ku saabsan territory oo dhan Jasiiradda la sameeyo. War Korean waxa uu ahaa dhab ahaantii qayb muhiim ah oo bilaabay in bartamihii qarnigii XX ee dagaalkii qaboobaa.

Xiriirka u dhexeeya dalalka ay qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XX ah

Dagaalka ka dib, khilaafka ku saabsan u saarney ee North iyo South Korea ayaa lagu wareejiyay gobolka qaboojiyay. Dalalka siweyn looga sii midba midka kale kula dhaqmo si taxadar iyo shaki, iyo uun asalka ah sameynta xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya Maraykanka iyo Shiinaha ayaa waxoogaa way soo hagaagtay, iyo xiriirka ka mid ah Waqooyiga ooy Koonfurta.

In 1972, war qoraal ah oo si wadajir ah la saxiixay by dal, sida uu sheegay wixii ay u bilowday urur ku salaysan mabaadi'da wadahadal nabadeed, madaxbannaani, oo aan ku tiirsan ciidamada dibadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad yar rumaysan in suurtagalnimada ee midowga a full of dalalka galay hal dhan ah, sida Jidka isku dhaca iyo North Korea qayb been incompatibility aad u xukuumadaha siyaasadeed iyo mabaadii'da maamul. Sidaas daraaddeed, Ban Ki la soo jeediyey in ay fursad u abuuro midow ka yar formula ah "mid ka mid ah dalka, quruun qudha -. Labada dowladood iyo labada nidaam"

In horraantii 1990-a dadaalka cusub ee isku daya in la sameeyay. Marka tan la eego, wadamada ansixiyay taxane ah oo heshiisyada cusub, oo ay ku jiraan Heshiiska on heshiisiinta, Non-gardarada iyo iskaashiga labada dhinac, sidoo kale Bayaanka Wadajirka ku Denuclearization of Peninsula Korean ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii dadaallada nabadda Ki waa arrin inta badan soo ban niyad si ay u bartaan hubka nuclear, ma aha oo keliya arrin walaac qoto dheer ka socda beesha caalamka, gaar ahaan Maraykanka.

Xiriirka ka dhaxeeya labada dal ee jeer casriga ah

Bishii juun 2000, shirkii ugu horeeyay ee ka dhexeeya Korean, at taas oo tallaabooyinka xiga ee loo qaaday dhinaca wada. Sida ay natiijada June 15, Head of Jamhuuriyadda saxiixay Baaqa Wadajir ah oo u dhaxeeya Waqooyiga iyo Koonfurta, taas oo uu noqday oo muddo dheer ka dukumintiga muhiimsan ee aasaaska u ah oo ku saabsan arrimaha midoobidda, taas oo bulshada Korean sugayay muddo ku dhow nus qarni. gaaro keenida, "Ciidamada qaranka Korean laftiisa" Cadaynta ku dhawaaqay ujeeddo ah dhinacyada.

Bishii Oktoobar 2007, waxa la qabtay shirka xiga inter-Korean, taas oo dhalisay in saxiixa waraaqaha cusub, sii iyo horumarinta mabaadii'da ku xusan Baaqa Wadajirka ah ee 2000. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khilaafka ee North iyo South Korea waa in muddo xiriirka ka dhexeeya labada dal sii kacsan oo lagu gartaa muddo of Hoargaysa iyo Socotra.

daridda wareegsan xiriirka

Tusaalooyinka xaalad xumeyd ee xaaladda on Jasiiradda inta badan la xidhiidha imtixaanka nuclear ka socda North Korea ee dhulka hoostiisa, sida dhacday sanadkii 2006 iyo 2009. In labada kiisaska, kuwaas oo falalka Ki uu keeno dibad ma aha oo kaliya ka South Korea - beesha caalamka ka soo horjeeda hawlaha nuclear, iyo in Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa dhowr qaraarada la qaatay, oo ku baaqay in wada hadal cusboonaaday on denuclearization ee Jasiiradda.

Colaadda ee North iyo South Korea ayaa dhowr jeer ku shubtay galay dagaallo hubaysan, kaas oo, Dabcan, gelin on qarka u burburto dalalka walaalnimada habka wada ah. Tusaale ahaan, March 25, 2010 meel u dhow soohdinta North Korean Badda Yellow la Afuufi Suurka, iyo tiimbadeen markab dagaal oo South Korean, kaas oo sababay dhimashada 46 badmaax. South Korea eedeeyay North Korea in burburinta markabka, laakiin North beeniyeen uu ku xadgudbay. Bishii November ee isla sannadkaas waxaa jiray dhacdo hubaysan oo waaweyn on line lahhaa, taas oo labada dhinac ay is dhaafsadeen duqeyn labada dhinac. Wax khasaare nafeed ahi ma, ay ka mid yihiin kuwii dhintay ay ahaayeen.

Iskusoo wada duuboo, North Korea waa arrin xasaasi u ah joogitaanka Maraykanka ee qaybta koonfureed ee Jasiiradda. Maraykanka iyo South Korea, kuwaas oo sokeeye muddo dheer, xilliyo sameeyo jimicsi military oo jawaab u ah in, North ayaa si joogta ah waxa uu hadal cod weyn, hanjabaad si ay u isticmaalaan ciidamada iyo in ay ku riday weerarada gantaalada ee Maraykanka ee saldhigyada military ee koonfurta gaca iyo Badweynta Pacific, iyo sidoo kale on waynaha US.

xaqiiqada maanta jirta

Bishii Agoosto 2015, ayaa mar kale sii xumaatay khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South. Si kooban, shot madaafiic ah ayaa la ceyriyay ka territory ee North Korea. Ujeedada weerarka, sida ay sheegayaan wararka ka Pyongyang, waxay ahaayeen ku hadla iyada oo loo marayo taas oo South ka sameeyay dacaayad ka dhan ah Waqooyiga. Taa baddalkeeda, ee Seoul xidhan falalkan si laba askari oo ka mid ah Republic of Korea ayaa dhawaan la afuufi kor by anigaa ah, sida la sheegay ay tif North Korean beeray. Ka dib markii labada dhinac ay is dhaafsadeen eedeymaha labada dhinac, dowladda DPRK ku hanjabtay inay talaabo military hadii 48 saacadood gudahood maamulka South Korean uma aan iman inaan kaskooda iyo ha joojin dacaayad Korean anti-North.

Warbaahinta ku saabsan arrintan ayaa wax badan oo halhays, falanqeeyayaasha iyo cilmiga siyaasadda ka muujiyay badan oo fikrado ku saabsan siday suuragal u ah ee laga bilaabo a iska hor imaad cusub inter-Korean, laakiin ugu dambeyntii labada dhinac ay awoodaan in ay ka doodaan oo loo xaliyo wax kasta oo nabad ah. Su'aashu waxay tahay, waayo, ilaa goormaad sugaysaa? Iyo waxa ay noqon doontaa il xiga ee khilaafka u dhexeeya North Korea iyo South, iyo sidoo kale cawaaqibka kordheen kale?

Waa lagama yaabo in maanta waxaan saadaalin karaa in mustaqbalka la horumariyo doonaa xiriirka ee North iyo South Korea. Doonaa dadkii dalalka degganaa, kuwaas oo in this xaliyo in dareen, khilaaf gudaha ah, in aan ku xuso rajada ee mideynta dalalka gobolka hal? In ka badan nus qarni a tan iyo dagaalkii Korea ee maray, dadka Korean waxaa loo kala qaybiyay laba quruumaha oo kala duwan, kuwaasoo mid walba uu si buuxda loo sameeyay iyo hadda leeyahay dabeecad u gaar ah iyo maskaxda. Xitaa haddii ay ku cafiyo kasta oo kale oo dhan cay ay awood yihiin, waxay weli ma sahlana in la helo afka caadi ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaan u rajaynayaa dhamaan isku mid ah - nabadda iyo waxgarasho.