Cir ugu horeeyay ee American Alan Shepard. Hadafka "Mercury-Redstone 3" May 5, 1961

Waayo, qaar badan oo ka mid ah shakhsiyaad ugu caansan ee sahaminta of boos yihiin, Yuri Gagarin oo Neil Armstrong. Wakiilka Midowga Soofiyeeti ugu horeysay u duulay meel oo ku soo laabtay nool, iyo Maraykanka - ayaa ku degay dayaxa.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Armstrong - ma cir ugu horeeyay American. Waxaa loo arkaa in ay qofka gabi ahaanba ka duwan. Uu Biography, xirfadiisa iyo howlgalka laga wada hadli doonaa maqaalka.

Diyaarinta doorashada ee cir

Waa wax qarsoodi ah in labada awoodaha ahaayeen tartanka ugu weyn on arrinta sahaminta bannaan. In Maraykanka, dhibaatada ku lug leh xarunta cilmibaadhista Langley (Virginia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka lagu daro qorshaynta iyo ridaya hawlgalka pride ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd si ay u sameeyaan go'id ah cir.

Diyaarinta for this bilaabay November ee 1958. Kooxda ugu horreeysay ee cir US lahaa in la soo xulay in dhowr marxaladood. Markii hore waxaan rabay in la doorto mid ka mid boqol iyo konton musharax ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah dabaqii labaad ka soo saaray dadka oo sabab u ah baaritaano caafimaad iyo mid nafsaani, iyo sidoo kale tababar sagaal bilood. Natiijada doorashada ay ahayd in la sii lix cir.

faragelin weyn la raadinta musharaxiinta uu ahaa go'aan Madaxweyne Dwight Eisenhower, kuwaas oo arkay kaliya musharixiinta ugu wanaagsan ka mid ah duuliyayaasha imtixaanka. Kuwaas oo la doortay iyo bir.

doorashada cir

By bilowgii 1959 bilaabay doorashada. Hanuuniyey by khubaro socda shuruudaha:

• height - 180 cm,
• xaalada jidhka ee kaamil ah,
• da'da - ilaa afartan sannadood;
• waxbarashada - farsamo (Bachelor);
• waxbarashada gaarka ah - pilot baaritaanka;
• waayo-aragnimo duulaya - aan ka yarayn shan iyo toban boqol saacadood.

Sida laga soo xigtay shuruudaha, wakiillo ka NASA soo xulay 110 musharax, kuwaasoo loo doortay koox ee qadarka 36 dadka si ay u fuliyaan tijaabooyin dheeraad ah. On marinka ee baaritaanka caafimaad iyo mid nafsaani taxaddar ku heshiiyeen 32 musharax. Mid iyaga ka mid ahaa deselected, sidaas Center Research ka soo gaaray 31 pilot. xulashadiisa ciyaartoyda ka sii ahaa mid aad u adag. In dhamaadka, ku takhasusay ku doortay in aan lix, laakiinse intii toddoba qof oo horyaalka.

Duuliyayaasha yeedhay cir, iyo magacyadooda ayaa si rasmi ah sannad 09.04.1959. iyaga ka mid ah sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa cir ugu horeeyay American.

marka hore toddoba ayaa qaba Alan Shepard

All cir waxay ahaayeen rag qoyska waxbarashada injineernimada, qaab jireed fiican. da'doodu ay ka 32 si ay u 37 sano jir dhaxaysey.

Liiska toddobada ugu horeysay la darajo ciidan:

• Dzhon Glenn - Colonel.
• Gordon Cooper, Virgil Grissom, Donald Slayton - saraakiishii.
• Alan Shepard, Walter Schirra - geeyeen saraakiishii sare.
• Scott Carpenter - Lieutenant.

iyaga ka mid ah wuxuu ka mid ahaa oo la gudoonsiiyey abaalmarinta lagu magacaabo "cir ugu horeeyay American." Dadkii waxay bilaabeen inay u diyaar garoobaan duulimaadka ugu horeeya ee ku saleysan Center Research ee Virginia, ka dibna - in Houston (Texas). Wakiilka kasta oo ka mid ah Group of Toddoba leeyahay takhasuska gaarka ah. ninkii maqaalka bartay shaqo ee nidaamka badbaadada iyo statistics.

Waxbarashada Shepard

Alan waxa uu ku dhashay on 18.11.1923 magaalada Derry. At da'da 36, mid ka mid ah toddobada cir xulay NASA Diyaaradii meel la duuliyo ayuu noqday. Siyaabo badan, taas ka qayb qaatay waxbarashada uu helay.

cir Future Alan Shepard in uu waqti ka College Academy ee Admiral Farragut, Academy Naval ka qalin la heerka ah ee Bachelor of Science, Naval College.

Career xaashidan

Markay helaan shahaadada bachelor ee, Alan Shepard noqday sargaal ka tirsan ciidamada badda ee. Wakhtigan, weli waxaa sii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, sidaa darteedna waxaa loo xilsaaray in baabbi'iyuhu, oo waxay u cid direen Badweynta Pacific.

In 1947 wuxuu u dallacsiiyey si tijaabo ah oo lagu qoray in koox dad ah ay ku gaadheen bannaannadii-baabbi'in. In 1950 wuxuu galay dugsiga imtixaanka tijaabada ah. Kadib markii uu dhamaystay tababarka, ayuu qaybqaatay tijaabo horyaalka, oo ay ku jiraan tijaabo u tahay horumarka nidaamka gami hawada. shan bilood gudahood, cosmonaut mustaqbalka ahaa macallin ee duuliye imtixaanka.

Ka hor inta noqoto cir ah, Shepard duulay ka badan 8,000 oo saacadood, kuwaas oo 3700 ay fuliyeen dayuuradaha jet ah.

Career cir

cir ugu horeeyay ee American ka mid ah toddobadii musharax kuwaas oo soo xulay NASA ee 1959. Waxay ahaayeen diyaarinaya barnaamijka "Mercury". Isaga oo xirfad iyo tayada qofka marka hore u sahlay in ay ka wakiilo ka Mareykanka in ay gaaraan meel iyo duuli dayaxa.

Duulimaadkii ugu horeeyay wuxuu ka dhigay in 1961. Socdaalkan waxa uu ahaa mid gaaban, laakiin sidaas oo lagama maarmaan u ah United States of America. kaabsal Ship la odhan jiray "Freedom 7".

Later, cir diyaariyey sidii keyd ah G. Cooper on mission ah "Atlas 9". In 1963, uu u maleeyeen inuu ka "Atlas 10" tag. Flight loo moodayay in ay ku qaataan saddex maalmood, laakiin waxaa la joojiyay. Ka dib markii in, waxaan dooran cir ah pilot first on markabka "Gemini". Isagoo tababarka bilaabay, waxaana uu maray baaritaan caafimaad, iyadoo ay sabab u taasoo uu ku helay cudurka dheg, carqaladeeyey howlaha hay'adaha vestibular. Sababo la xiriira cudurka Meniere ee uu ganaax ku maqan ka duulaya muddo dhowr sannadood ah.

In si ay u soo noqdaan si ay isugu diyaariyaan horyaalka, Shepard lahaa in ay qaliin saabka dhegta. Waxa ay ahayd guul, iyo cir u soo laabtay waajibaadka firfircoon.

In pilot sorokasemiletnim, ugu da'da weyn wakhtigaas, NASA cir Alan naftiisa labaad ka dhigay horyaalka bannaan. Wuxuu ayaa loo magacaabay taliyaha "Apollo 14". Oo wuxuu kaloo sameeyey hawlgal saddexaad guul US dayaxa. Oo waxay noqotay in muddo ah ka soo January 31 Feb 9, 1971.

"Mercury-Redstone" Alan Shepard

Sida laga soo xigtay barnaamijka "Mercury" duulimaadka ee Alan Shepard noqday furitaanka ugu horeysay guul pride ah la duuliyo. Waxa uu la rijeynaya in gantaal side "Redstone-3." Kaabsol kori karo in sare ah 186 km iyo biyaha oo ka mid ah lagu aaso United States Atlantic dhacay. Meeshu soo baxday in fogaan ah 486 km ka barta bilaabo asalka ah.

Marka la barbardhigo horyaalka Yuriya Gagarina, kuwaas oo maamula si ay circumnavigate Earth ee ay idiinna, May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard gaadhay meel kaliya ka dib markii a yar ka badan shan iyo toban daqiiqo in duulimaadka. Waxa uu noqday qofka labaad ee dunida oo gaadhay meelaha sida.

gool duulimaadka

The Ujeedada ugu weyn ee US waxay ahayd inuu ka hor hesho sahaminta bannaan dalal kale, gaar ahaan Midowga Soofiyeeti. barnaamijka "Mercury" oo ku lug leh hirgelinta ujeeddo gaar ah. Successful ahaa furitaanka nidaamka, "Mercury-Redstone 3", taas oo Shepard ahaa.

Ujeedada ugu weyn ee horyaalka,

• waayo-aragnimo Diyaarinta waaxana pride intii lagu bilaabay, diyaarad ku shaqeeya, xaalad weightless, iyo galaya jawiga iyo degtey.
• Qiimeynta fursado pilot gacanta pride, isgaarsiinta codka inta lagu guda jiro duulimaad.
• Daraasaddu waxay jawaab aadanaha u didin karaan boos ugu horrayn nafsaaniga ah.
• Waxaa laga yabaa in caga cir iyo pride.

Nolosha dhaw ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ah cir ka dib markii qalin jebinta

Marka ay dhamaato ee mustaqbalkiisa oo duulaya, Alan Shepard, kuwaas oo Biography waxaa loo arkaa in maqaalka, ku hawlan hawlaha bulshada. In 1971 wuxuu noqday ergeyga ah in Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay. Isla mar ahaantaana, uu helay doctorate ah ee sayniska dabiiciga ah iyo aadanaha.

Dhammaadkii qarnigii labaatanaad, wada jir ah ula laba suxufi, cir caanka ah ayaa la daabacay buugga "Flight in Moon ah." In iyada sharaxaad isla markiiba abuuray taxane telefishan.

Shepard dhintay on 21.07.1998 at da'da shan iyo toddobaatan sannadood. Sababta dhimashada Cimrigu xanuun - leukaemia. Shan usbuuc ka dib wuu dhintay, oo naagtiisii Louise. Jidhkoodii waxaa lagu gubo oo dambaskiina wuu kala firdhiyey badda.

xaqiiqooyinka Interesting ku saabsan cir iyo duulimaadka

Mashruuca, oo waxaa ka soo qeyb Alan, ayaa loo magacaabay "Mercury". Magaca loo doortay in sharaf of ummadda Roman mythological, waa wargeeyihii ilaahyada iyo sokoeye iyo ganacsiga. In Washington, magaca mashruuca qaatay sanadkii 12.10.1958.

musharaxiinta loo doortay duulimaadka bannaan in loogu yeedho cir. Magaca isu ekaysiinta doortayna iyagoo Argonauts ee caddooyinka Greek oo dhoofa, waayo, "Golden dhogorta" iyo aeronaut, ie balloonists.

Ka hor inta horyaalka, Alan loo magacaabay cunto adag. Wuxuuna u darbay kuugga shakhsi. Tusaale ahaan, quraacda ka koobnaa juice orange, semolina, ukunta, macaanka strawberry iyo kafee sonkor leh. Liiska suxuunta kala duwan. Kuugga mid isku diyaarinaya u adeegaya, waayo, cir, iyo maalintii labaad hayo qaboojiye ee case of dhibaatooyinka lagu daro marinka dheef shiidka.

Hal maalin ka hor duulimaadka ee kafeega ka menu ayaa laga saaray ay sabab u tahay saamayn lagu durayo iyo madadaalo.

Ka hor inta aadan bilaabin cir aniga ku yidhi: "Ha u xir ilaa, Shepard." Warbaahinta ayaa intaa ku daray qayb ah waxaa ka mid ah, xusay ereyga Ilaah. sida "salaadda" hadlay duuliye badan oo hadda ka.

pilot wuxuu ku yaalaa kaabsal gaari 5 saacadood iyo 15 daqiiqo ah, laakiin arrintu waa safar ahaa saacadood oo kaliya laba iyo badh. Sababaha dib u dhaca ahaayeen cillado farsamo oo u muuqday daruuro madow, ay sabab u tahay taas oo aan heli lahaa sawir wanaagsan oo dhulka ka bannaan. Ship bilaabay at 9 saacadood iyo 34 daqiiqo. Isaga daawaday 45 million daawadayaasha oo dalka Mareykanka ah.

The isku dayga ugu horeeya si ay u gaaraan Cosmos ayaa mar walba aan ku guulaysan. Bixi dhammaan faahfaahinta ay tahay mid aad u adag. Sidaas daraaddeed, NASA, xulashada musharaxiinta ugu haboon horyaalka, ma tixgelin baahida caadiga ah nafsaaniga ah ay. In uu yahay, in pride ah ayaa awoodi waayay in ay naftooda u gargaarto. Taas darteed, Shepard lahaa loo sameeyo ee joog inta lagu jiro dayuurada.