Cape Canaveral. Oo u dhaw in Stars ah

Cape Canaveral, Florida - halkan waa suufka weyn ee furitanka ee kala duwan gantaal East - boos ugu weyn ee Kismaayo United States.

ka mid ah qasabkii

Degay qarnigii 16aad xeebta ee Florida, Yurub siiyey magaca Cape Canaveral, taas oo ka soo hab Spanish tarjumay "jiqda qasabka sonkorta." Ka dib markii eryidda ee dadka wadaniga ah - ee timakua qabiilooyinka Indian, Calusa iyo Seminole - degeen on dalalka Cape beeraha kala firdheen, oo xeebta - kalluumaysatada iyo kuwa aruuriya ee haley.

By dhexe ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, soo baxaya barnaamijka meel American qaaday dhulka tijaabada gantaal. Tan iyo 1948, waxaan bilaabay si ay u fuliyaan shaqada on habeynta ee saldhiga ciidamada badda "Banana River" (Navy US) iyo abuurista ay sal u ah saldhig iyo imtixaanka xarunta ciidamada cirka Maraykanka. Meesha aan la doortay by fursad. dadka Finensej iyo isku dhawaanshaha ka Badweynta Atlaantik loo yareeyo khatarta ku ah deegaanka haddii ay dhacdo failure of furayey sub-orbital.

Haddii heli Cape Canaveral (spaceport) on map-ka, ku dhuftay by meelaha loolka halkii hoose - 28 ˚ N Wixii la barbardhigo: Baikonur - 45 ˚ N Tani waxay xaqiijineysaa faa'iido dheeraad ah:

• Si loo gaaro xawaaraha ugu horeysay runtan la isticmaalayo tamarta ogeed ee wareeg dhulka.
• Kororka mass of payload ah gantaalada ah ilaa 30%.
• dhaqaalaha shidaalka cutubkan wax soo saarka si ay u kastana falagiisuu dhex geostationary.

furayey ugu horeysay

Markabka koowaad ee labada heer gaari goobta soo bandhigista ee Cape Canaveral diray samada bishii July 1950. Buusterka baabuur gantaalo "Bambarrka 2" ogolaanaya in ay gaaraan rikoor waqti of height - 400 km. Laakiin isku day in uu keeno kastana falagiisuu dhex satellite ugu horeysay ee aan dabiici ahayn in December 1957 ku dhammaaday fashil - qaraxa Haamaha Shiidaalka halaagnay gantaal side "Vanguard TV-3" laba seconds ka dib markii bilowgii. In 1958, ka shaqeeyaan waxbarasho ee meel dibadda ah iyo in la abuuro saldhig cilmiyeed iyo farsamo keentay hay'adda xukuumadda federaalka cusub - NASA.

Operation aagga la bilaabay adag iyo arrimo taban shaaca ka qaaday: Cape Canaveral gaad la duufaan xoog leh oo onkodka. dhismayaasha Double-upka ayaa qayb ahaan burburiyey masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah, iyo heshiis hillaac lahaa inay miiska soo saaraan tobanaan dheeraad ah oo malaayiin doolar.

Cape Canaveral - Spaceport ama Force Base?

In 1962, Hay'adda Qaranka ayaa bilaabay dhismaha xarumaha la bilaabay u gaar ah, oo loo yaqaan Daahfurka Center, iyo tan iyo bishii November 1963 (ka dib dilkii madaxweyne 35aad ee USA), ay baxshay Kennedy Space Center. Guud ahaan, ka cape iyo gasiirad deriska la ah ee Merritt Island, lala by kaabayaasha caadi ah oo loo dhisay in ka badan soddon pads.

Saxaafada waxa ay badanaa spaceport ee Cape Canaveral waxaa la odhan jiray, dhab ahaantii, laba cutub oo maamulka ka tirsan hay'adaha dawladda kala duwan. All furayey lagu fuliyay ilaa 1965 la saldhig ciidamada cirka. The ugu caansan ee howlgalka,

• Daahfurka of satellite ugu horeeyay American (1958).
• The sub-orbital ugu horeeyay American (1961) iyo orbital (1962) duulimaadka ee cir.
• Daahfurka of markabka ugu horeeyay American ah laba (1964) iyo saddex (1968) oo qof.
• Daraasaddu waxay of Falag buu nidaamka qoraxda saldhigyada automatic interplanetary.

From "Gemini" in "Space Shuttle"

Xiddiga Top of Tacaddi ee Xarunta. Kennedy ayaa taxane ah oo pride duuliyo "Gemini" oo leh laba cir on board. Wadar ah 12 boos oo duulimaad ayaa la sameeyey in hawlgalkan. Waxa ugu weyn ee ahaa spacewalk ku cir E. White.

Cape Canaveral galbiyeen on dayuurada ee cir kuwaas oo booqday satellite dabiiciga ah ee dhulka. Wax kasta oo bilaabmaa diyaarinta barnaamijka iyo hirgelinta diyaaradaha la duuliyo iyo degtey on dayaxa ( "Apollo") pads soo saaray Xarunta.

Sidaa awgeed, sidoo kale, waxay bilaabeen safarka ay ku dhabbihii dhow-Earth shan American "Shuttle" - Slaam bannaan. Laga soo bilaabo 1981 ilaa 2011, 135 oo duulimaad ayaa la sameeyey. Geliyey kastana falagiisuu dhex 1.6 thous. Ton oo payloads iyo qalabka, fuliyay cilmi mass, dayactirka iyo shaqo loo xirxiro.

Maanta iyo berri

Tan iyo 2011, Cape Canaveral xanbaarsan furayey duuliyo. In xidhiidh la leh yareynta ee maalgelinta barnaamijyada meel hawlgalka waxaa taageeray afar keliya la bilaabay pads. kaxeynayo Part qaabayn iyo casriyeeyay in ay sii wadaan sidayaal cusub. Tusaale ahaan, rakibo ee LC-39A (markii ugu horeysay tan iyo 2011) ayaa isku diyaarinaya in ay u diraan taxane ah oo gantaalada meel Falcon 9FT. February-March 2017 saddex bilowga jadwalka.

Farqiga of xiriir dhaqaale la Russia oo ku baaqay in su'aal qaar ka mid ah mashaariicda hugaaminaya Maraykanka. Waxaa la noqoto horumarka sii kordhaysa muhiim ah oo hay'adaha meel gaarka ah. Sayidka, mashaariicda Dragon iyo Falcon-9 ka Ujeedada shirkadda SpaceX ee si loo yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta ee warshadaha saabsan qaybaha ka soo Russia. Dhanka kale NPÖ "ENERGOMASH" xaqiijiyay in ay diyaar u yihiin meel Maraykanka laba sannadood 14 gantaal engine RD-181 by heshiis hore u soo gabagabeeyey gudahood.