Caag Styrene-butadiene: guryaha iyo codsiga, caanaha

caag Styrene-butadiene waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah fursadaha ugu isticmaalay qalabka polymeric. Waxaa haboon saaridda ee taayirada iyo alaabooyinka kale ee caag la tayo sare leh waa.

wax polymeric ku yidhi waxaa laga sameeyey alaabta ceeriin aan qaali ahayn, iyo farsamo ay wax soo saarka waxaa loo arkaa in la heli karo, isagoo isku xigxiga oo cad ee ay falsayeen. Ugu dambayntii keentay caag styrene-butadiene uu leeyahay qaab ciyaareed aad u fiican iyo sifooyinka kiimikada. Waxaa la soo saaray oo tiro ahaan la taaban karo oo la soo bandhigay by saaraha in badan oo kala duwan.

alaabta ceeriin for-soo-saarka

Ha ka fikiro si aynu wax soo saarka ee masaxado styrene-butadiene. Sida qalab dihin oo wax polymeric la doorto butadiene-1,3 ama Alfa-methylstyrene. Diyaar caag styrene-butadiene by farsamooyinka hoobiye ama copolymerization emulsion. In habka labaad loo sameeyay masaxado butadiene-styrene hoobiye.

polymerization emulsion

Sidee waa soo dhawaynta ee caag butadiene styrene? falcelinta ku lug polymerization wadajirka ah ee styrene iyo butadiene in emulsion ah. wax soo saarka ugu dambeeya waa la helay iyadoo ay sabab u dhexgalka this, loo yaqaan styrene caag butadiene (SCSO).

Currently ee wax soo saarka warshadaha caag ah gudaha qaadataa embodiments kala duwan, waxyaabaha polymer ku salaysan kiimikada ah.

Sidee kala caag styrene-butadiene? Soo-saareyaasha ayaa bixiyaan doorashooyinka soo socda:

• masaxado oo ha ku jira saliidaha (SCSO ZOARK);
• Qalabka la boqolkiiba celcelis ahaan saliidda (SCM-ZOLRKM-15);
• xaddiga dheeraad ah oo saliid ah (SCSO ZODRKM-27);
• oo leh sifooyin dielectric u fiican (SCSO ZOARPD).

Waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee magacyada

The lambar ugu horeysay ee magacyada sheegi content taranta of styrene dacwadii hore, loo doortay polymerization ah:

• "A" oo ku lug leh hirgelinta nidaamka polymerization low-heerkulka (wax ka badan shan digrii).
• "M" waxay muujinaysaa in uu leeyahay saliid, ma aha oo kaliya styrene.
• caag Styrene-butadiene xarafka "P" la xidhiidho si ay u qabtaan polymerization aan joogitaanka jaangooyaha ah.
• "K" waxay muujinaysaa isticmaalka in soo saaridda ee emulsifier rosin caag.
• Warqadda "P" ka dhigan tahay wax ka soo saaray iyadoo ay wada joogaan xaydha feed ah, acids cusbada dardaro kuwaas oo ah wax soo saarka ee lagu qayilo qayb ka mid ah paraffins cokan.

Maxaa calaamad caag styrene-butadiene ah? waxaa Helitaanka ku salaysan tahay hab polymerization ah, taas oo caan ah si ay ardayda dugsiga xataa sare, ardayda dugsiyada sare iyo jaamacadaha.

Sidaa darteed, wax soo saarka kaliya in industry ee masaxado isticmaalo cinjir styrene-butadiene smolonapolnenny, formula ee taas kama duwana hydrocarbon Diene caadiga ah. At masaxado soo saaray ku salaysan cusbi butadiene-styrene, caabbi sare si ay abrasion farsamo, sifooyinka maqaar-sida wanaagsan.

habka polymerization emulsion waxaa lagu fuliyaa in la rakibo warshadaha gaar ah. Maxaa calaamad this caag styrene-butadiene? Is waa hore u sameeyey by technology cad oo la xaqiijiyay. celceliska muddada reaction kiimikada ah waa 12-15 saacadood. Ka dib markii la dhameeyo latex polymerization waxaa la aasaasay, taas oo ka kooban qiyaas ahaan 30-35 boqolkiiba oo ah walaxda polymeric. Sida antioxidant la soo bandhigay in iyakana latex D.

Keena caag ka latex by electrolytes xinjirowga kuwaas oo ka kooban sulfuric acid. Marka la eego in u dhaqmaan sida ✰Saliidda qubeyska kanifolevoe saliid iyo saabuun, abuuray oo ku saleysan acids dufan dardaro, marka lagu daro xinjirowga sidoo kale lagu arkay formation of acids dufan leeyihiin saamayn togan ku sifooyinka farsamo ee alaabta la dhammeeyayna.

By ku daray saabuunta acid sulfuric waxaa loo beddelaa acid joojiyo xinjirowga latex organic lacag la'aan ah oo la sameeyey caag butadiene styrene ah. Codsiga wax final wajiyo badan ay ku xiran tahay nooca wax soo saarka. Asal ahaan caag waa wax caadi ah ceeriin ee warshadaha kiimikada.

Dhismaha caag ah

Maxaa dhismeedka waa caag styrene-butadiene? guryaha jirka ah walaxda waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa ku dhegyadii of dhismeedkooda. Marka loo helo polymer ah by polymer ozotsionirovaniya sameeyay waa qaab aan joogto ahayn. The unugyada monomer caag aan kala sooc lahayn waa Britain ayaa foom jahaysteen.

Ku dhawaad boqolkiiba 80 ka mid ah unugyada ay leeyihiin qaabeynta trans, oo kaliya 20 boqolkiiba waxa lagu gartaa ah CIS-dhismeedka.

sifooyinka

Ina keena aynu u falanqeeyaan caag styrene-butadiene ah. Guryaha oo ah walaxda la xiriira culeyska sare kelli. Celcelis ahaan, waa 150 000-400 000 masaxado saliid ka buuxo technology A saarta lug leh doorashada ee alaabta la index sare ah mass kelli qaraabo. ikhtiyaarka noocan oo kale ah oo u ogolaanaya in la baabi'iyo saamaynta taban ee saliidda tayada caag ah, badbaadin muddo dheer ka mid ah sifooyinka processing fiican oo ah caag.

Waxaa suurto gal ah si aad u hesho ka caag ethylene butadiene-styrene, qaatay silsilad geedi socodka la isticmaalayo activators, ✰Saliidda qubeyska, nidaamiyo, iyo waxyaabaha kale ee qayb ahaan inta lagu jiro dareen-celin dhaaftaan oo aad gashaan oo sideeda oo caag keentay.

Tilmaamo soocayaa

Sifaha caag styrene-butadiene ah. formula The maalkii waxay muujinaysaa in ay tahay adkaysi u deformations farsamo, qase dagaal badan. Si loo hagaajiyo iska caabin qabow iyo hoos u dhac barti caag xaddiga feed of styrene ah. polymer keentay waxaa loo kala diri ee shidaalka, iyo qase leedahay beduliyum.

Maxaa kale oo u taagan soo baxay SBR? The guryaha iyo la xiriirta in ay acids urursan, ketones, alcohols deggan, ka sokow polymer waa gaaska fiican iyo permeability biyaha. Inta lagu guda jiro kulaylinta caag ah, waxaa jira isbadal leh qaabka daran si ba'an u saamaysa guryaha jireed iyo farsamo ee caag ah.

qayilo kaamerada heerkul ah 125 ° C sababa hoos u darantahay ingeega, iyo halligaad iyo baabbi'in. qayilo Xiga ku lug polymer nidaamsan u daran oo saameyn ku kordhay in ay rigidity.

Features of codsiga

In la abuuro Halabuurka caag isticmaali jiray caag butadiene styrene ah. Guryaha, codsiga of this wakiilka fasalka Consort Diene si buuxda u dhiganta muuqaalada ay formula dhismaha.

Joogitaanka kooxaha phenyl dhinaca saamayn of iska caabin ah oo soo kordha in gaadhista shucaaca sida noocyada kale ee polymers, kuwaas oo marka la barbar dhigo.

In darey caag kuwaas oo dhigay ku salaysan caag butadiene-styrene, maankiisa ku yar yahay, kor u yaraanshaha lagu jiro calendering iyo extrusion. Tani waxay leedahay saameyn xun ku hirgelinta geedi socodka, iyo sidoo kale inta lagu guda jiro lagala kulmo (shirka) banaan caag.

In yar heerkulka qalabka processing caag, waxaa loo yaqaannaa masaxado "kulul".

kala duwan ee masaxado

masaxado jilicsan styrene-butadiene leeyihiin qalleyf low-kulka yar yahay, si kastaba ha ahaatee aanay cajiintay.

ciridka adag laga soo saaro xaddi yar iyaga oo hoosaysiiyo mastication oxidative kaamerada hawada at heerkul ah oo ku saabsan 1400 ° C adigoo isticmaalaya activators habka loo gaysto.

In vulcanizing unfilled xoog siligga hooseeyo. Marka la yareeyo xaddiga styrene xidhxidhan ee xarunta polymeric waa la dhimay iska caabin ah iyo iska caabin abrasion, waxay kordhisaa caabiga uu baraf, kor u barti.

Sazhenapolnennye (madow carbon), curatives masaxado butadiene-styrene leeyihiin beegyada uu u fiican kaamerada of iska caabin ah oo cimri dherer, laakiin ay yara liita ee barti iyo iska caabin lahayo ku of masaxado caadiga yihiin. curatives waxtar leh waxay leeyihiin iska caabin ah oo dheeraad ah si ay u acids urursan oo la badhxay, khamriga, alkalis, esters. dareeraha caag ah ay bararin.

All of polymers keentay loo isticmaalo soo saaridda ee taayirada, sameeyo noocyo kala duwan oo articles non-doorsoon iyo doorsoon. Tusaale ahaan, ee butadiene-styrene suumanka conveyor caag ka samaysan yihiin wax soo saarka alwaax, soo saaraan kabaha caag. In xidhiidh la leh kordheen caabiga shucaaca masaxado kuwaas waxaa loo isticmaalaa in soo saaridda of caag isagoo iska caabin ah si mug leh shucaaca gamma.

Waayo, wax soo saarka alaabta kale oo aan ahayn sifooyinka fiican Hardy, feedstock loo isticmaalo, taas oo ka mid ah content styrene ugu yar.

Astaamaha u gaarka ah masaxado styrene-butadiene, polymerization xalka

In warshadaha ee gudaha diyaarin wax soo saarka ee polymerization xal masaxado styrene-butadiene isagoo content styrene oo kala duwan:

• SBR-10.
• SBR-25.
• SBR-18.
• SBR-50.
• 25E-ROSC (ayaa wanaajiyey sifooyinka dielectric).

On sale ay jiraan caag, oo ay ku jiraan microblocks styrene leedahay beduliyum, loogu talagalay processing lagu duro.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, waxaa jira polymerization xal caag saliid ka buuxo, kuwaas oo kor ku jiraan saliid 27%. Sababo la polymerization xal ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen Xoojiya organolithium sameeyey oo xuduudaheedu aasaasiga ah hagaajin dhismeedka kelli:

• branching silsilad;
• miisaanka kelli,
• macrostructure.

Sifooyinka garan masaxado kuwaas waxaa loo arkaa joogitaanka muhiim ah polymer ah (ilaa 98%), lacagta ugu yar ee nijaasta ahaa. polymers waxay leeyihiin qaab toosan marka la barbardhigo emulsion masaxado styrene-butadiene.

qalabka Polymeric heshay ductility sare, xirtaan iska caabin ah, iska caabin ah oo qabow, kordheen caabiga arrinkaas. sidoo kale ogsoonow dulqaadasho firfircoon sare qalabkan. At yaraanshaha hoose waxay leeyihiin nafwaayay Mooney ka weyn tan iyo macromolecule leeyihiin qaab toosan, waxaa ka buuxsami karaan tiro badan oo ah danbas (madow carbon) iyo saliidaha aan si xun u beddeli guryaha makaanikada iyo jireed ee vulcanizates.

Waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka farsamada ee wax soo saarka ee caag madaafiic la barbardhigo fursadaha emulsion, laakiin loo baahan yahay wax badan oo dheeraad ah oo ku nadiifiyo ee monomers loo isticmaalo. masaxado polymerization xal loo adeegsado warshadaha banjarin, waayo, abuurista suumanka conveyor xoog, calaacalaha kabaha, tuuboyinka caag, caag qaybo badan. Qaybaha hore ee wax soo saarka ee qalabka polymeric noocan ah waxaa loo arkaa styrene iyo 1,3-Buada. Masaxado helay xal ama copolymerization emulsion.

In warshadaha casriga ah ma aha oo kaliya soo saaridda of technology caag aan ka buuxsamay, laakiin wax soo saarka sidoo kale diyaarin of polymers oo ay joogaan in ka kooban of dumin kara, oo madow carbon, saliid. Waxaa ka mid ah qalabka polymeric soo saaray at jajab ah oo ka xisaab caag butadiene styrene waayo in ka badan nus awoodda wax soo saarka.

Sababta qiyaasta tani waa homogeneity sare oo ka mid ah astaamaha iyo kiimikada ee alaabta macmalay, helitaanka monomers upka (styrene iyo butadiene), oo ah line-soo-saarka la aasaasay.

mass Greater of caag butadiene styrene ee wax soo saarka oo casri ah helay copolymerization emulsion ee styrene iyo butadiene.

Qoondaynta oo ah caag in qaab-dhismeedka

Marka la eego shuruudaha polymerization iyo halabuurka ka mid ah qaybaha loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka ee masaxado styrene-butadiene diyaarin, kuwaas oo kala duwan oo ka kooban iyo guryaha. Oggol yahay tirakoobka, qaybinta aan joogto ahayn ee unugyada dhismaha ee styrene iyo butadiene in macromolecule ah.

Sida heerkulka hoos jiro hoos u dhac in content ku taranta ee miisaanka yar yahay jajab kelli ahbaa caag. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, waxaa jira hoos u dhac ah ee branching ah dhismaha, korodhka in qaab-dhismeedka polymer joogto ah, in si togan u saamayn ku sifooyinka farsamo iyo qalliinka ee alaabta la dhammeeyayna.

In horumarka ee wax soo saarka gudaha ee qalabka isku dardaro dhibic muhiim u ahayd in la dhiso wax soo saarka alaabta butadiene-styrene by polymerization by farsamo xagjirka ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qalabka sida oo tayo sare leh oo qiimo ah la awoodi karo in ay soo saaraan dhirta of Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Togliatti, Sterlitamak, Voronezh.

Features technology

waxaa laga heli karaa polymer a isagoo xuduudaheedu gaar ah, haddii la doonayo. Tusaale ahaan, la miisaan ah siiyey celcelis kelli oo la nidaamiyo sida polymerization a by daray xakameeya awood ku hawlanaa isu gudbinta silsiladda. Sida xakameeya content taranta arkay hoos u dhac ku miisaanka kelli ah polymer ah.

Maxaa la arkaa laga yaabaa in sida ✰Saliidda qubeyska, ku haboon wax soo saarka ee emulsions xasiloon monomers ah, iyo in ay soo saaraan alaabta final of polymerization, latices ah? Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee kiimikada loo arkaa potassium sodium ama cusbada ee acids dufan carboxylic dardaro, hydrogenated rosin iyo cusbada alkisulfonatov.

Marka xulashada rosin marka hore waxaa la hoos geliyey wax daaweyn gaar ah. In habka disproportionation marka Hannaan ah (palladium), waxay keensataa guryaha loo baahan yahay ee masaxado silsilad geedi socodka.

wax soo saarka Spefitsika

Waayo, copolymerization isticmaalaya polymerizer batteriga. In diyaarinta boorish waa isku dhafan iyo pre-daahiriyeen styrene la qalajiyey, butadiene, dareeraha ah (waxa laga yaabaa cyclohexane a) in cabirku yahay 5/1. qaybaha dheeraad ah oo feedstock bilawga ah waxaa lagu quudin galay daloolada fiicni for qodan tayada. Isku dar ah ayaa waxaa ka dibna si toos ah ay ahayd isdaahirintii kiimikada wanaagsan ee nijaasta yaryar oo kala duduwan.

qalab waxay u adeegtaa organolithium biirey-baadh at 25 ° C ilaa 20 daqiiqadood. Darajada isdaahirinta waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa dar midabka. Haddii nijaasta lahayn, ka dar ah ee midabka wax yar brown. Ka hor inta aan polymerization, Dufcaddii la qaso Hannaan ah, lagu daro kala horjeeda.

Geedi socodka waa la fuliyay in batari, kaas oo ka kooban saddex qalab caadiga ah, by israac quudinta amarka. Heerkulka gudaha polymerizer ee la hayo ee kala duwan ee 50 ilaa 80 ° C. celceliska muddada dhan ah geedi socodka kiimikada waa 6 saacadood.

gunaanad

In ka howgala kasta oo nolosha iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka la kulmi qalabka ku habboon, kaas oo ku salaysan yihiin caag styrene-butadiene. First of dhan, waxaan la soco abuurka ah ee ay calaacalaha kabaha caag, taayirada baabuurta caag, noocyo kala duwan oo tuubbada jardiinada.

The copolymers random ah styrene iyo butadiene waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalaa abuurka qalabka qalabada korontada, alaabta kala duwan ee suuqa baabuurta, oo ay ku jiraan abuurka taayir oo tayo sare leh. teknoolajiyada cusub in ay isticmaalaan saarayaasha sare ee masaxado styrene-butadiene, ogolaanaya in la abuuro wax soo saarka la-beegyada uu doonayo jirka iyo kiimikada, sifooyinka qaab la doonayo.

Waxaa ka mid ah qaababka soo saarka note codsigan ee Xoojiya tayo sare leh. Iyadoo ku xiran qaab dhismeedka ah masaxado dhexsameeysmo markii geedi socodka si weyn u kala duwan oo ka mid ah abuurka iyo qiimaha kama dambaysta ah ee alaabta soo saaray ku salaysan caag caag.