BMD-2 (dagaal degtey gaariga): caddaymaha iyo sawiro

BMD - gaabiyay ah weedha ah "hawada dagaal gaariga." Sida magacaba ka muuqata, BMD - waa gaariga in ay u guuraan cutubyo ka mid ah Ciidamada Weerar Air. Ujeedada ugu weyn ee Its - qabashada counter cadowga gawaarida gaashaaman iyo lugta cadowga. Mashiinka waxaa loo yaqaan "Booth" ee wareegyada military xirfadeed.

Si ay u fuliyaan howlgalka dagaalka ee BMD u rari kara by diyaarad military in ay soo caga. Go'in laga yaaba in laga diyaaradaha iyo Mi-26 oo isticmaalaya ganaax dibadda.

Sidee sameeyey gaari dagaal ka BMD-2?

Jiilkii ugu horeeyay ee samaynta BMD ayaa soo saartay 1969, iyo baaritaanka ka dib waxaa la rido adeegga hawada Ciidamada Midowga Soofiyeeti. shirkii Sii gaari dagaal lagu qabtay cagaf Volgograd ee Plant. The sano ee ugu horeysa waxaa la soo saaray ee tiro xaddidan. Si ay u bilaabaan wax soo saarka ee serial xoogga loo isticmaalo Steel Institute, ee Institute of iyaga alxanka. Paton.

In 1980, samaynta Soviet, bartay waayo-aragnimo ah ee isticmaalka BMD dagaalka dhabta ah, demin horumar laga gaaray model jira. Baahida loo qabo in la casriyeeyo mashiinka dagaal dhulka caddaatay ka dib markii Afgaanistaan, halkaas oo gaadhiga gaashaaman ayaa waxaa si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa. Well xaqiijiyay in dagaalka on meelaha bannaanka ah, jiilka kowaad degtey dagaal gaari on buuraleyda laga badiyay.

Adeegga in ciidamada cirka ee gaariga Soviet Union dagaal BMD-2 gaaray 1985 ka. labaad muuqaalka jiilka mashiinka ma aha gaar ahaan kala duwan oo ka BMD-1. In photo barbardhiga BMD-2 iyo BMD-1 loo arki karaa: isbedel ku jiray munaaradaha iyo hubka. The qolof iyo engine ka badelin. Baabtiiska dab ka dhacay ay hawlgallo dagaal gaashaaman ee dalka Afghanistan.

In sano ee ku xiga, BMD-2 waxaa loo isticmaalay dagaalada hubaysan ee dalka reer Russia iyo dibadda. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, "Booth" waa in adeegga ee ciidammadii reer Russia, Kazakhstan iyo Ukraine.

Tilmaamo Dhismayaasha BMD-2

design ee mashiinka dagaal dhulka waxaa loo arkaa gaar ah. In hore ee bartamaha ku yaalla darawal-makaanik, midig ka dambeeya isaga waa taliyaha, oo ka tagay - War fallaadhihii. qol danbe waxaa loo qabanqaabiyaa dhulka. Waxaa karo 5 hawada.

Housing BMD-2 waxaa loo qaybiyaa 4 qaybood:

• qol wadidda;
• warhead;
• ciidan qol;
• qol engine-gudbinta.

Warhead iyo gacanta isa-soociddiisa oo ka mideysan yihiin meelaha hore iyo dhexe ee gaariga gaashaaman. Qeybtii dib u qaybsan yahay on degtey iyo qol engine ah.

sanduuqa battariga gaashaaman ka sheet aluminium welded, taas oo dabooli markabka BMD-2. The sifooyinka biraha this gaari karo ilaalinta ku ool ah miisaan u hooseeya. Hubkiisa waa inay awoodaan inay markabka ka rasaas, Goosimo miino yar iyo qolofka ilaaliyo. Body dhumucda maqaarka ee qaybtii hore waa 15 mm dhinac kasta - 10mm. munaaraddii leeyahay oo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of hubkiisa 7 mm. BMD hoose xoojiyeen feeraha, kaas oo u ogolaanaya u yahay dhibic hawada guul. height ugu yar ee dhulka waa 500 mitir, sarajooggiisuna wuxuu ugu badnaan - 1500 mitir. Waxa uu isticmaalaa mnogokupolnye parachutes nidaamka Waxyeelo PRSM 916 (925).

Ka dib markii lagu casriyeeyo PM-2 a munaaraddii cusub wareeg ah helay. Waxay leedahay size yar. Waxaa intaas dheer, ayay fursad u helay at helicopters oo diyaarad yar duulaya in ay toogtaan. vertical xagal fiiqaya kordhay ilaa 75 digrii.

Daboolka BMD-2 shaabadeeyey. Tani waxay u wareejiyey "waab" ee sabayn baabuur gaashaaman. Si aad u guurto iyada oo caqabad biyo la isticmaalayo rakibo madfac biyaha, kaas oo ku salaysan mabda'a ah ficil of propulsion jet. Ka hor inta wadida caqabad biyo loo baahan yahay in kor buufiyo guddi hore. Maadaama uu sifooyinka dhulka amphibious of mishiinka la fulin karo doonniyo gaadiidka.

Engine iyo qalfoofka

Marka aad la abuuro a BMD-2 injineerada ma fuliyaan casriyeynta dhamaystiran oo ku engine iyo birta ah. In motor mashiinka dagaal caga a 5D20 rakibay. engine naaftada Tani 6 dhululubada. Waa inay awoodaan inay horumariyaan awooda ah 240 hooras.

BMD-2 isticmaalaa crawler ah. Dhinaca kasta oo rollers 5 iyo rullaluistemadka 4. Taasoo keentay dariiq dhexaad gadaal, taayirada hore oo hore waa hage. Jiifku ay leedahay qaab u ogolaanaya inaad la qabsato ansixin ah. ansixin dhulka ugu yar waa 10 cm, halka ugu badnaan -. ganaax 45 cm ka madax bannaan.

2. Hubka BMD Safta

Casriyaynta ee hawada gaari dagaal ee 80s ee inta badan munaaradaha iyo hub taabtay. Dib rasaas khibrad military Arsenal ka dhigtay dalka Afghanistan.

Sida ay awood ugu weyn ee loo isticmaalo qoriga automatic 2A42 heerkiisa 30 mm. Waa awood u rasaas ku dhaqaaqo. Xasilinta ee foosto la sameeyo in laba diyaaradood via hubka stabilizer 2E36-1 electrohydraulics. munaaradda saqafkeedii waa Ujeedada MIC-1-42 qalab ugu muhiimsan ee muujinaya. "Booth" waa awood rasaas at kala duwan oo ka mid ah ilaa 4 km.

Wajihi munaarad qori waa a darandoorriga qodobka 7,62 mm. jiilka labaad ee Battle Set BDM waa 300 qolofka for qoriga iyo 2,000 xabo oo rasaas for qoriga mishiinka.

Si kor loogu qaado awoodda ciidan ee hubka dheeraad ah loo isticmaali karaa BMD-2. Tilmaamaha hawlgala go'aan ka kooban oo ka mid ah hubka dheeraad ah:

• mid 9M113 "Tartanka";
• laba ATGM 9M111 "faggot";
• 9P135M Launcher.

gantaalo Ujeedada awood gudahood ah 54 digrii horizontal oo ka -5 in +10 ee vertical ah.

in hubka soo bandhigay kaxeynayo gantaal "Igla" iyo "Strela-2" ee dagaalka guul ka dhanka ah diirada hawada.

Qalabaynta baabuur dagaal amphibious

BMD-2 qalab ku qalabeysan yahay surwaal shirka P-174, P-123 transceiver (ka dib waxaa la bedelay F-123M).

Intaa waxaa dheer, guddiga ka mid ah gawaarida gaashaaman waa:

• xakamaynta dabka si toos ah u adag,
• nidaam lagu shaandhaynta iyo qiiqa hawada,
• nidaamka of ilaalinta hubka burburka culus iyo hubka nuclear,
• nidaamka ilaalinta ka dhan ah hubka kiimikada ,
• qalabka aragtida habeenkii;
• hawo hawada jirka gudihiisa dagaal gaariga.

Caddaymaha "qolladaheedii"

Inta lagu jiro "waab" dagaalka awoodaan in ay ka gudbaan caqabadaha kala duwan. Aan ku adag tahay la dagaalanka gaari BMD-2 tagi kartaa derbiga 80 sentimitir dheer oo laga adkaado width ka qoday ee 1.6 mitir.

Beddelka BMD-2

Ciidamada hawada loo isticmaalo laba nooc oo dagaal mashiinka amphibious:

• BMD-2k - version taliyaha mashiinka la sii qalabaysan a radio-P 173, a matoor shidaalka tamarta korontada AB-0,5-3-P / 30 iyo polukompasom ku gyroscopic HPA-59;
• BMD-2 Milyan - sokow hubka caadiga ah, rakibo leeyahay PTUR "buunka" double lagu daro nidaamka xakamaynta hubka Jaha iyada oo suurtagal ah ee lagu beegsanayo isticmaalaya imager ah kaamerada.