Agonister Alpha-adrenergic: description, codsiga, mabda '

Agonister waa koox ka mid ah daroogada, natiijada oo la xidhiidha kicinta ee receptors adrenergic ku yaalla ee xubnaha gudaha, iyo darbiyada vascular. All adrenoreceptors kala qaybsan yihiin kooxo dhowr ah oo ku xiran tahay saameynta deegaamaynta dhex dhexaadin ah oo awood u leh inay sameeyaan kaxeynayo la Walxaha firfircooni. Alpha-agonister madadaalo u saamayn on receptors Alfa-adrenergic, keenaya jawaab gaar ah ee jirka.

Waa maxay receptors Alfa-adrenergic ah

A1-adrenoreceptors yaal xuubka dusha unugyada ee synapse ka jawaabaan norepinephrine, kaas oo la sii daayay by dhammaato dareemayaasha oo ka mid ah neurons postganglionic of habdhiska u dabacsanaadaan. Kooban ee xididdada of heerkiisa yar. Carbinta receptor sababa vasospasm, hypertension, permeability hoos derbiga halbowlaha ah, yaraynta daliilka hawomareenka ee jirka.

A receptors 2-adrenergic ku yaal meel ka baxsan synapses ku xuub gacanta presynaptic. Falceliyaan in tallaabada of noradrenaliin iyo adrenaline. Carbinta receptor keena carro ah, kaas oo lagu muujiyey by hypotension iyo nasashada vascular.

macluumaad guud oo ku saabsan adrenomimetikami

Alpha- iyo beta-agonister, kuwaas oo madax banaan oo la xidhiidha dareenka si ay u receptors oo keeni saamaynta adrenaline ama saamayn noradrenaliin, loo yaqaan habka tallaabo toos ah.

Natiijada saameysay daroogo laga yaabaa inuu dhaco iyo saamayn dadban oo u muuqato by jiilka kicinta neurotransmitters u gaar ah, ka hortagtaa ay nabaad, waxay kordhisaa-fiirsashada ee dhammaato dareemayaasha.

agonister Adrenoceptor lagu qoray shuruudaha soo socda:

• wadnaha oo shaqadiisa gaba, hypotension daran, burburkii, lama filaan ah, wadnaha,
• neefta, bronchospasm;
• cadaadiska intraocular kacsantahay,
• cudurada bararka xuub-axaleedka of sanka iyo indhaha,
• kooma hypoglycemic;
• suuxdinta maxaliga ah.

agonister Alpha-adrenergic

daroogada group ka mid ah la xushay (simaha on hal nooc oo receptor) iyo non-xushay (excitation A1 iyo A2-receptors) waxay ka dhigan tahay. Non-xushay Alfa-agonister gudbiyey si toos ah noradrenaliin, madadaalo iyo ku simaha on the beta-receptors.

Alpha-agonister saameeya A1-receptors - daroogada antishock isticmaalo hoos u dhac af ee cadaadiska dhiigga. Waxaa laga dhayayo waxaa loo isticmaali karaa, taasoo keenta Guntanka ee arterioles in gulukooma ama wax ku ool ah rhinitt ku xasaasiyad. Loo yaqaan daroogada Group:

• "Midodrin";
• "Mezaton";
• "Etilefrin".

agonister Alpha-adrenergic, saamaynaya receptor A2 ah, dheeraad ah oo lagu yaqaan in ay mass guud ee dadweynaha, sababta oo ah codsiga universal. wakiilada Top - "xylometazoline," "Nazol", "Sanorin", "Visine". Loo isticmaalo daaweynta cudurada bararka ee indhaha iyo sanka (conjunctivitis, rhinitt, hogaga) ah.

Daawada waxa lagu yaqaan in ay saamaynta vasoconstrictor, taas oo ay meesha sanka oo xirma. Isticmaalka lacagta waa inay qaataan meel kaliya iyada oo ay kormeerayaan takhasus ah, soo dhaweynta caasiyoobay inta keeni karaan horumarinta xasilloonida daroogada iyo atrophy xuubka.

Carruurta yar yar ayaa sidoo kale doorataa wakiilada ka kooban agonister Alfa-adrenergic. Maandooriyaha ay dhacdo in this leedahay awood yar oo ah walaxda firfircoon. Foomka waxaa la mid ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo dadka qaba cudurka macaanka iyo dhiig-karka.

agonister Alpha-adrenergic, excitatory A2-receptors, oo ka mid ah wakiilada bartamaha jilitaanka ( "methyldopa", "Clonidine", "Katapresan"). Waxay saamayn waa sida soo socota:

• saamayn hypotensive;
• hoos u garaaca wadnaha,
• saameyn ku dejinaaya,
• xanuun joojiye yar;
• hoos dheecaan of lacrimal iyo dhareerka qanjidhada;
• hoos dheecaan biyo ku jira xiidmaha yar.

"Mezaton"

Diyaarinta ku salaysan hydrochloride phenylephrine, keenaya kordhay cadaadiska dhiigga. Its codsi u baahan kacmaha sax ah sida garaaca wadnaha hoos reflex suurto gal. "Mezaton" kordhiyaa cadaadiska si tartiib ah marka la barbardhigo daawooyinka kale, laakiin saamaynta waa muddo dheer.

Tilmaamayaasha jeedaa:

• hypotension, burburkii;
• diyaarinta qalliinka;
• rhinitt vasomotor ;
• suuxdinta degaanka;
• sumowga of etiologies kala duwan.

Baahida loo qabo natiijooyinka deg deg ah u baahan yihiin maamul xididka. Daawada waxaa sidoo kale lagu durayaa muruqa, subcutant, intranasally.

"Xylometazoline"

Daawada isagoo magac la mid ah walaxda firfircoon, qayb ka mid ah "galazolin" "Otrivin" "ksimelin" "Dlyanosa". Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo la mariyo ee rhinitt ba'an faafa, hogaga, sanboorka, otitis media, si loogu diyaar garoobo nidaamka hawl ama ogaanshaha of dalool sanka.

Waxaa la soo saaray qaab lagu buufiyo, dhibicyo iyo codsiyada gel sanka. Buufiyo ogol yahay carruurta 12 sano jir. Iska ilaali magacaabay in shuruudaha soo socda:

• angina,
• nuujinta,
• cudurka thyroid;
• kelyaha Prostatic;
• diabetes;
• uurka.

"Clonidine"

Daawada waa agonister Alfa-adrenoceptor ah. hab ay of action "clonidine" wuxuu ku salaysan yahay excitation ee receptors A2-adrenergic, taasoo keentay in hoos u dhac in cadaadis, horumarinta suuxinta yar oo suuxin.

Si ballaaran loo isticmaalo noocyada kala duwan ee hypertension, dhibaatooyinka hypertensive, si ay u debciyaan weerar glaucoma isku dhafan oo daroogo kale oo lagu daweeyo qabatinka daroogada iyo khamriga.

"Clonidine" waa u inta ay uurka leedahay, laakiin ay dhacdo gestosis daran ku jira marxaladaha dambe, marka lacagta hooyada weyn naefigooda, khatarta ah in dhibaato in ilmaha caloosha ku, waxaa suurtagal ah in la isticmaalo qaadasho yar oo daroogada isku dhafan oo daroogo kale.

"Visine"

daroogada Vasoconstrictor dhex tetryzoline loo isticmaalo indhaha. Under saameynta ay ku dhacdaa mydriasis, yaraynta bararka conjunctival, hoos u wax soo saarka ee dareeraha intraocular. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo conjunctivitis xasaasiyad, by tallaabo farsamoyaqaanka, jirka ama kiimikada ee wakiilada ajnabiga on kaaha-axaleedka.

agonister Alfa badinta

Iska badinta lagu muujiyey isbeddel joogto ah sifeeyay saamaynta Alfa-agonister. Bukaanka ayaa ka walaacsan cadaadis dhiig oo sareeya, kordhay cudurada laxanka garaaca wadnaha. Muddadan waxa suurto gal ah horumarinta stroke ama barar sambabada.

overdosing Therapy waa in aad codsato kooxaha soo socda ee daroogada:

1. sympatholytic durugsan carqaladeeyo gudbinta falalkooda dareemayaasha ee ubucda iyo habka dareemayaasha jirka. garaaca wadnaha Sayidka, cadaadiska la dhimay waxaa hoos u dhacay iyo iska caabin durugsan.
2. Doodeen Calcium loogu talagalay xanibeen socodka udhigo calcium galay unugyada. muruqa wadnaha ee yaraynaysaa baahida oxygen, contractility hoos u hagaajinaysaa nasashada lagu jiro diastole, ballaarinta dhan halbowlayaasha kooxaha.
3. daroogada Myotropic kor nasashada ee muruqyada siman, oo ay ku jirto murqaha iyo derbiga vascular.

agonister Alpha-adrenergic, isticmaalka taas oo uu leeyahay koox weyn oo akhrinayaa, u baahan tahay doorashada si taxadir ah qiyaasta, la socodka wadnaha, dhiig-karka, dhiig ka soo durugsan.