Valproic acid: tilmaamaha loo isticmaalo, analogs iyo dib u eegis

Valproic acid (sodium valproate) waxaa iska leh koox cusub ee anticonvulsants, kuwa loo isticmaalo hore antiepileptics labada qaab-dhismeedka kiimikada iyo mabda'a hawlgalka kala duwan.

description maalkii

kiimikada waxaa loo dhexsameeysmo 1882, ee ah acid valeric analoogga Dr. W. Barton. Waxay ka kooban tahay 2 kooxood oo cut. Tobaneeyo sano badan, valproic acid waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo kaliya in shaybaarka sida dareeraha ah inert xeryahooda organic kala duwan. Protivosudorzhnye hantida laga helay by la yaabka ah.

Valproic acid waa dareere ah oo hufan heerkulka qolka. Oo sidaas waa awood ficil leh saldhig sida hydroxide sodium ama valproate magnesium si ay u sameeyaan cusbo ah, taas oo ah walax adag. Qoraalkan, dhab ahaantii, waa acid 2-propylvaleric iyo cusbo sodium ay. Si ka duwan antiepileptics kale, waxa ay ka dhigan tahay xarunta nitrogen-free ah. hab ay of tallaabo of acid iyo cusbada ay, ee la xidhiidha saamaynta gaar ah oo ku saabsan dheef ah ee gamma-aminobutyric acid, waa inhibitor ah enzyme transferase ah.

Daawooyinka oo ka kooban valproic acid, iyo hoos u reaction meelaha convulsive motor excitatory ee maskaxda. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in walaxda kordhisaa content ee gamma-aminobutyric acid ee dhismayaasha habdhiska. Valproic acid, taas oo muujinaysa ratings ee ay waxtarka anticonvulsant ee daaweynta ee xaaladaha la xiriira kooxda acids dufan.

Astaamaha u gaarka ah acid valproic, analogues ay

Valproic acid, kaas oo kuu sharaxaya edbinta in saamaynta ay adag on aadanaha, waxaa la soo saaray hoos magacyo kala duwan. Daawooyinka-ugu wanaagsan ee loo yaqaano, kaas oo ka mid ah walaxda in uu yahay "Depakine," "Konvuleks", "Konvulsofin", "Orfilin", "Deprakin", "epilation", "Everiden", "Enkorat", "Apilepsin", "valparin XP "," Dipromal ". The foomamka qiyaasta dhammaadeen waxaa laga yaabaa in qaab acid ama ay sodium cusbo, loo yaqaan valproate sodium. Waxqabadka of daroogada this aan la dhimay. Valproic acid, analogues ah kuwaas oo kor ku xusan, laga qaaday oo afka si degdeg ah ka dib cuntada. Dhammaan daroogooyinka, taas oo ka kooban, si degdeg ah nuugo. Horeba 2 saacadood ka dib acid u muuqataa in plasma. Waxaa si fiican u yahay guskiisa dhex caqabadaha unugyada. raad haraaga ah walaxda la go'aamiyo in dheecaanka lafdhabarka iyo jawi badan oo gudaha ah oo kale. Its la ogaado in dheecaanka amniotic (dheecaanka amniotic) ee dumarka uurka leh.

Mabda 'hawlgalka

dhaqmo Sidee valproic acid? Tilmaamaha in daroogada taasi jawaab sax ah ma siin su'aasha waxa farsamo ee ay saamaynta ku daweynta. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in khubaro aan weli si buuxda u sahamiyey saamaynta ay ku leedahay isbedelka ku dhacay guryaha sodium channel. Xaaladdan oo kale, valproic acid waxaa ka mid ah liiska daawooyinka lagama maarmaan iyo muhiim u ah dadka.

Saamaynta on aadanaha

Ma aha oo kaliya loo isticmaalo qalalka acid valproic. on isticmaalka hage dawadan waxa muujinaysaa in uu leeyahay saamayn anticonvulsant ma aha oo kaliya. Waxaa hagaajinaysaa niyadda iyo gobolka maskaxda qofka. Khubarada yidhaahdo oo ku saabsan joogitaanka tranquilizing ka qayb acid. Si ka duwan waxyaabaha kale ee noocan oo kale ah, waxa ay yaraynaysaa welwelka, iyadoon dhibaato mioleraksantnogo ama suuxin. Tan waxa u sabab ay tallaabo on xuub postsynaptic. Sayidka cadaadiyeen hababka isu gudbinta Suu dareemayaasha.

Waayo, foomam yar oo qalalka inta badan ku koobnayn qaadashada acid valproic ama mid ka mid ah analogs ay. Xaaladaha sii daran daroogada la isku daro daawooyin kale antiepileptic.

Valproic qalalka acid

diyaarinta waxaa loo isticmaalaa in noocyada kala duwan ee kansarka beerka. Sayidka ay soo dhawaynta ku salaysan yahay dhakhtarka hannaankii aasaasay. Valproic acid, tilmaamaha loo isticmaalo taasoo muujinaysa in ay ku oolnimada ee noocyada kala duwan ee cudurka, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in xaaladaha qaarkood qaabab kala duwan. Sidoo kale, waxaa inta badan qoray, iyo qalal focal.

Isticmaalka daroogada

Valproic acid, edbinta kaas oo ballan daroogada waxay u baahan tahay dhakhtarkaaga iyo u hogaansanaanta adag in Dawooyin, codsatay in kiisaska noocaas ah:

• ka hortagga dhibaatooyinka kala duwan ee qallalka,

• xaaladaha convulsive asal ahaan in cuduro gaar ah habdhiska dhimirka;

• jiritaanka balse aay tahay a nervous;

• jirrada murugada waalida, ma aha kasteba daaweynta daawooyinka ay ku jirto lithium,

• xaaladaha convulsive asal ahaan in carruurnimada.

Valproic acid iyo daawooyinka waxa ay ku jiraan, waa in si gaar ah ay gacanta ku dhakhtarka xaadirka ah. Kaliya dhan cilmi lagama maarmaanka ah oo ku takhasusay qiimaynta bukaanka ka dib markii ay awoodaan in ay doortaan dose ammaan ah oo wax ku ool ah daroogada uu noqon doono.

Form sii daayo

Valproic acid, foomka sii daayo taas oo kala duwan, soo saarayaasha oo kala duwan lagu guraa sida soo socota:

• Kiniiniga, kiniinada, L xiidmaha. Waxay ka kooban yihiin 150, 200, 300, 500 mg acid valproic (valproate sodium).

• kaabsoosha 150, 300 mg.

• Daawada (sharoobada) oo ka kooban 50 ama 300 ml oo ah daroogada ee 1 ml.

Waafaqsan yahay daroogooyinka kale

Valproic acid awood u qaadidda saamaynta anticonvulsants kale oo uu macnihiisu yahay protivoelepticheskih, neuroleptics, jirada dhimirka, murugada, iyo khamriga. Marka aad hesho daawo this Iskuma wada cabbi kartaan cabitaanka khamriga. Valproic analogs acid of daroogada, salicylic acid iyo daawada xinjirowga lidka ku leeyihiin saamayn inhibitory ku xulkii platelets (urur). Marka mudaa xiidmaha medicament waxaa si degdeg ah nuugo dhex galaan wareegga dhiigga. Sayidka isticmaalka valproic acid isku dhafan oo cuntada wax xoogaa hoos u dhigtaa waxtarkeeda.

waxyeellooyin

medicament The mararka qaarkood sababa waxyeelo sida lallabo, matag, rabitaanka cuntada oo luma, iyo darnaanta xanuunka caloosha, shuban. Si wax looga qabto xaaladahaan codsan kaasina ama antispasmodics. Valproic acid waxay keeni kartaa niyad-jabka guud iyo daal, si dhif ah u qoray in dadka ku hawlan shaqada jirka iyo maskaxda culus. Qaadashada daroogada mararka qaarkood keenta in cudurada of habka dareemayaasha jirka, taas oo isu muujin qaab ay Cabsato of adimada, images kala iyo rabshooyin muuqaalka, la qabsi, madax-xanuun, wareer, kacsanaan, arxandarro, gobolka iyo niyad.

Xaaladaha qaarkood, qaadashada daroogada waxay keenaysaa in cawaaqibta soo socota: hoos u dhac iyo kor u miisaanka jidhka, muuqaalka kore ee dareen diidmo oo xasaasiyadeed, timaha oo ku meel gaar ah, khaladaad caadada, isbeddel ah ee hemogram ah. Waxyeellooyinka naadirka ah, laakiin aad u daran of this helo hab waxaa loo tixgeliyaa in ay cillad ah ee beerka ama beeryarada, yaraynta xinjirowga dhiigga. saamayn Hepatotoxic u badan tahay marka la helo daroogada this isku mar la Clonazepam, phenobarbital.

Marka la isticmaalayo valproic acid Waa in la xusuusnaado in dadka sokorta qaba waxa ay u xumeeyaan karaa natiijada baaritaanka kaadida, sii kordhaya ay ka kooban hay'adaha ketonka. Waayo, ka hortagga dhibaatooyin kala duwan inta lagu jiro daaweynta si joogto ah loo ogaado content ee dhiigga bilirubin, falgalka beerka, dhiig xinjirowga.

sababo

Valproic acid, taas oo daroogada waxaa lagu gadaa mafrashka adigoon warqad dhakhtareed, uu leeyahay sababo halis ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• cillad ka mid ah xammeetidu iyo beerka,

• porfyri;

• diathesis hemorrhagic,

• idiosyncrasy;

• bilaha ugu horreeya ee uurka,

• muddo quudinta (daroogada galaa caanaha naaska).

In II iyo III bilood ee uurka, daroogada taas waxaa loo qoray in qaadasho yar oo keliya sababo halis ah, maxaa yeelay waxa ay gudbo mandheerta oo saamayn ku yeelan kara ilmaha aan weli dhalan.

Marka la helo acid valproic waa in si taxadar leh ula socdaan gacanta beerka xinjirowga dhiigga iyo dhiig xinjirowga xulkii shaqeeya. Inta lagu jiro daaweynta, haweenka daroogada this kuwaas oo galmo, waa in loo isticmaalaa si looga hortago uurka, habka ugu kalsoonida badan ee ka hortagga uurka.

codsiga of nidaamka

Diyaargaraw ka kooban this acid, ayaa laga qaadayaa barnaamijyadaa kala duwan. qaadasho fiicnayn waxaa si gaar ah loo doortay. Doorashada mudada qiyaasta saameeyaa bukaanka ee xaaladda, culayska iyo da'da. Xaaladaha intooda badan, hore ee koorsada ee dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta oo miisaankeedu yahay in ka badan 25 kg, maamula at 10-15 mg / kg maalintii. Ka dibna waxa dose todobaadle ah ee daroogada la kordhay 5-10 mg / kg, waxa ay keeni ugu badnaan - 30 mg / kg. Qiyaasta maalin walba ee caruurta - 20-50 mg / kg. In kala guurka ah si ay daweyn la daaweyn valproic acid daawooyin kale anticonvulsant waa la dhimay si tartiib tartiib ah. Qiyaasta ugu badan ee valproic acid waa in aanay noqon ka badan 50 mg / kg maalintii.

Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo loo sii daayo oo ah daroogada. Maamulka xididka ku lug helo 400-800 valproate sodium mg maalintii. Intii ay therapy loo baahan yahay si loo ogaado heerka daroogada ee dhiigga. Sida laga soo xigtay falanqaynta, hagaajin karaa daawada.

Tilmaan iyo nidaamka:

• Carruurta da'doodu tahay 3: In toddobaadkii koowaad ee cabitaan 150 mg 1 p. maalin, ee labaad - 150 mg of 2 p. maalin kasta, iyo kii saddexaad - on 150 mg 3 p. maalin kasta.

• Carruurta 3 - 10 sano: ee toddobaadkii koowaad ee qaadashada 450 mg, ee labaad - 600 mg, iyo kii saddexaad - 900 mg maalintii. Sida laga soo xigtay kale helo circuit 300, 450, 600, 900 mg maalintii, siday u kala horreeyaan, ee 1, 2, 3 iyo 4 toddobaad.

• Ka dib 10 sano: ee toddobaadkii koowaad ee cabitaan 600 mg, ee labaad ah - 900, ee saddexaad - 1200 mg maalintii. Sida laga soo xigtay kale helo circuit 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg maalintii, siday u kala horreeyaan, ee 1, 2, 3 iyo 4 toddobaad.

Bukaanka hore loola dhaqmo si kale anticonvulsants, valproic acid maamula in yar ka qaataan. Isla mar ahaantaana tirada siyaabo kale waa la dhimay. Qiyaasta dayactirka ee dadka waaweyn - 900-1200 mg. Valproic Acid, kiniiniga iyo kaabsuullada kaas oo la qoray oo kaliya ka dib 10 sano, qaaday in 2-4 qaadasho. Waayo, carruurta inta badan qoray daawo ama sharoobada la daroogada this.

"Depakinum" (acid valproic)

On sale waxaa jira daawooyin kala duwan oo acid ah, laakiin mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu caansan waa "Depakine." In farmasiyada, waxaa jira dhawr nooc oo daawo: "Chrono", "300 Enterik", "dhagaxyada Hrononosfera" iyo kuwa kale. oo kulligoodna waa wada content firfircoon ka yara duwan iyo foomka. "Depakine" qoro sida anticonvulsant iyo daroogada niyadda-dejinta. Waxaa si wanaagsan loo habeeyey in daaweyn jiray qalalka, cudurka waallida, qalal tonic clonic-guud, myoclonus, niyad-jabka, madax xanuunka dhanjafka. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa daaweynta xanuunka neuropathic. Recently, daroogada baarayaa sida daroogada ah noocyo ka mid ah kansarka iyo cudurka HIV.

Valproic saldhig acid

Waxaa ka mid ah daawooyinka acid valproic "Depakine" iyo analogues ay tahay in baahida sare. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqda ah in uu saameyn ku daba dheeraaday. Isticmaalka diyaarinta waxay keenaysaa in hoos u dhac in inta jeer ee dhacdo of qalal convulsive. waxa kale oo ay yaraynaysaa ay darnaanta iyo fududeeyaa socodka. "Depakine" yaraynaysaa halista dhibaatooyin ka sii daran.

Geeddi socodka metabolization valproic acid qaadeen unugyada beerka. Marka la helo maadooyinka caado bar-nolosha waa qiyaastii 6-8 saacadood. daroogada Modern joogteyn karto uruuray-ku-daweyn oo ah walaxda firfircoon ee jirka ku jira in ay 16 saacadood. Heerka Digo of valproic acid badan ku xiran tahay shaqada beerka. Valproic acid, kaas oo dib u eegis ku saabsan saamayn togan ku saabsan bukaan kasta on isaga u gaar ah. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in qof kasta waa u gaar ah oo qaadan kartaa alaabtii la leexashooyinkaasi qaar ka mid ah ka iska caadi ah.