Yaa garoomada ka dib markii Elizabeth? Carruurta Elizavety Petrovny Romanovoy

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in la soo dhaafay Tsar Ruush, Nicholas II, wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah qoyska Romanov ah, kuwaas oo awoowe ahaa Mikhail Romanov - aabbihiis Petra Velikogo. "Waa maxay sababta loo arkaa?" - badan tahay waxaa lagu weydiin doonaa by badan. Sababtoo ah ka dambeeya wax Peter waxaan, mana John V ah, boqorradii la soo dhaafay of All Russia, ka tagay ma farcamay in line lab, iyo awood ay ku sii wadi in labada gabdhood ama in ay hore u carruurtooda. Intaa waxaa dheer, gobolka for waqti dheer garoomada by Empress ah (Anne, Elizabeth iyo Catherine), taas oo uu leeyahay a anshaxa aad u dabacsan oo sharfay sida aad u jecel. Sidaa darteed, su'aashu waxay u kacaya oo ku saabsan ka khayroon daahirnimo dhiigga boqornimada ee reer boqor ee la soo dhaafay Ruush. Asal ahaan, waannu og jawaabta saxda ah in su'aasha ah, kuwaas oo ku taliyaa ka dib markii Elizabeth. Dabcan, Peter III (ina gabadhii Peter weyn, Anna Petrovna iyo Duke Fridriha Golshteyn-Gottorp). Laakiin asalka ah ee uu ina Paul waxaan, halyeeyo badan ayaa ka kooban.

The asal ahaan ka mid ah guri ammaan ah Romanov

Wakiilka hore ee noocan oo kale ah waa reer boqor Wadaad Filaret, aka Fyodor Nikitich (asal ahaan kasoo jeeda boyars ah), ina Nikita Romanovich. Next uu boqor Mikhail Fedorovich. Ka dibna - wiilkiisa Alexis, oo lahaa saddex wiil oo ahaa odayga - Fedor, dhexdhexaad ah - Ivan, Jr. - Petr. Ka dib markii dhimasho aabbihiis, awoodda gacanta u galay maray Fedor Alekseevich. Sida aan ognahay taariikhda, Peter A. iyo walaalkiis Yooxanaa, dhimashada walaalahood ka weyn ka dib markii uu noqday co-taliyayaashii carshiga Ruush. Maxaa yeelay, John ahayd caafimaad aad u liita oo shiidaa qayb ku lahayn maamul ee dalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isagu wuxuu lahaa shan gabdhood, kuwaas oo Anna kaliya ka dib noqday Empress ah.

Carruurta Petra Velikogo

Boqor Tani lahaa darsin ah carruurta ka laba naagood (ugu iyaga ka mid ah ayaa ku dhintay iyo yaraantaadii). Wiilkiisii weynaa Alex u iman waayay carshiga, maxaa yeelay, xataa marka nolosha aabbahay lagu eedeeyay khiyaano qaran oo lagu xukumay dil, laakiin ma uusan ku nool yihiin ilaa daldalaad oo xukun dil ah. Laakiinse gabadhii ugu da'da yaraa oo jecel Butros iyo Elizaveta Petrovna Romanova, kaas oo, inkasta oo aan si toos ah dhaxlay carshigii aabbihiis, oo isaga ugu horeeyay ee la siiyo si uu adeer Peter Labaad (ina Tsarevich Alexei) ka dibna adeer - Anne Ioannovne iyo iyada grandnephew Ivan Lixaad (awow Fifth John), iyadoo ay sabab u inqilaab ah ugu dambeyntii qaadan karto carshiga oo naadiyey Empress of Russia. Sida laga soo xigtay ilo rasmi ah, oo iyana waxay ahayd madhalays oo, inkasta oo dadka halyeeyada badan oo ku saabsan Faracoodii ay. Ka hor inta aan u sheegin kaas oo xukumi jiray ka dib markii Elizabeth, laguu baro Biography ee Empress ah, iyo sidoo kale xilligii of iyada boqortooyada. Waxaan dhihi karnaa in ay ahayd arrin xiiso leh, laakiin waqti isku mid ah, muddo muhiim ah taariikhda gobolka Ruush. Tani waxay muujinaysaa in ay ka aabbeheed dhaxlay qaar ka mid ah muuqaalada weyn ee dabiiciga ah, oo ay ku jiraan jacaylka dib u habaynta.

Elizabeth ee carruurnimada

Future Empress waxa uu ku dhashay 1907 in Kolomna. waalidkeed ayaa si sharci ah aan guursaday, sidaa darteed Elizabeth waxaa mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan gabadhii sharci darrada ah ee Peter. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sanad ka dib markii iyada dhalashada, boqorka xaasle hooyadeed iyo caleemo saaray horeysay ay Catherine, iyo labadiisii gabdhood ee la siiyey horyaalka ee marwooyin. Elizabeth iyo walaasheed Anna iyada carruurnimada qaatay in Palace Winter ah. Waxay kor u koray raaxo, hareereysan shaqaalaha oo dhan oo ahaa addoommadii. gabdhaha ayaa helay waxbarashada weyn iyo tababarka. Waxay baray Faransiis, Jarmal, Talyaani. Waxay baray dhaqanka - awood u leh inay u dhaqmaan bulshada sare. In casharada ku xiran ayaa la cayaaray iyo ciyaaro music. amiirad dhallinyarada ahaa si aad u wanaagsan u akhri, gacanta wanaagsan leedahay maktabad ballaaran. aqoon oo dhan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in boqortooyada reer Elizabeth. Xilligan waxa lagu tilmaamay mid xaflado badan oo aad u wayn iyo kubadaha, ekaysiiyaa. Waxay yihiin dhallinyarada Empress iftiimisay xirfadahooda iyo qalday taageerayaasha.

dhalinyarada

Elizaveta Petrovna Romanova ahaa mid aad u fiican iyo haybad. Her saaxiib joogto ah Buzz. Waxaa la sheegay in ay zasvatat lahaa Faransiis King Louis XV. Dadku waxay xitaa wararka xanta ah ee ku saabsan aroos soo socda ee amiirad la Shaam Petrom Alekseevichem - kii dhaxalka lahaa carshiga Ruush, laakiin waxa uu weli u doortay in ay guursadaan Dolgoruky Princess ah. Elizabeth ayaa sidoo kale noqday qayb ugaadhsaday, faras, kortaan doon, iyo daryeel joogta ah Quruxdooda. Oo waxaan xitaa ma dareemi aadan sida geerida hore ee Peter II ka dib markii uu carshiga in inaadeerteed Anna maray, oo iyana waxay ahayd in poluopale by sida ugu badan 10 sano (1730-1740 GG.). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kaliya hal sano dhimashadii iyada adeer in Inqilaab ka dib uguma carshiga reer aabbihiis weyn, oo wuxuu yimid boqortooyada Elizabeth ee Russia.

History of goysiga carshiga

Dhamaadka boqornimadii Anna Ivanovna ku dhowaad ka mid ah ganacsatada. Taliye ka mid ah gobolka Ruush ah Qolyihii ahaa Biron. Ka dib dhimashadii Empress qofna xusuustay gabadhii Peter Great iyo taajka maray grandnephew dhallinta ee Anna Ivan lixaad, iyo hooyadiis, Anna Leopoldovna, wuxuu noqday Ninkaas. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, awood ku hadhay gacmaha Jarmalka uu neceb yahay. gobta badan oo Ruush ahaayeen si dabiici ah ku qanacsaneyn amarka this waxyaalaha, rajada ay amiirad iyo go'aansaday inuu keeno boqornimadii Elizabeth by kallifto inqilaab. Oo waagaas waxay ahayd macallinka dhakhtarka qiyaas Lestocq iyo music Schwartz, iyo sidoo kale dhammaan shirkadda grenadier of Ciidankii Preobrazhensky ah. Jebinta galay Palace Winter ah, waxa isaga qudhiisa ku wacdiyey Empress cusub, oo dhallinyarada Ivan oo hooyadiis ayaa la xiray. Sidaas daraaddeed ayuu u soo gudbisaa xoogga Romanova Elizaveta Petrovna (1741-1761 GG.) Iyo sida iyada Kuzina Anna, sharciyada sida saxda ah 10 sano. Inta u dhaxaysa laba boqortooyada empresses of guri ammaan Romanov ah, waxaad ku Bixisaan kartaa wax badan oo lamid ahna, laakiin ugu cad - waa eex. Oo mid, iyo kuwa kale ay ahaayeen hunguri jacayl iyo farxad, sida caadiga ah, la siiyay koobab ay jeclaayeen iyo posts dowladda. Sidaas darteed, gobolka garoomada by ugu cadcad ay, brotokoolka rasaas gacanta u geliyey khasnaddii.

Elizaveta Petrovna - Empress. Si kooban oo ku saabsan sano iyada boqornimadii

In tobanka sano xusuus, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo xeerarka Elizaveta Ruush waxa uu noqday muhiim ah oo ku dhal badan yahay dalka. Waxay maalmood ee ugu horreeya ku dhawaaqday in ay dooneyso in ay sii wadaan koorsada qaaday by aabbeheed weyn. Oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay ahayd. taariikhyahanadu Ka dibna waxaa loo arkaa isku day marka hore talaabo absolutism iftiimiyey. Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu jiro xilliga this ee Russia ayaa ku salaysan Ganacsato, kuwii gobta ahaa (amaahda) iyo Copper bangiyada (state). Baabiiyo ciqaabta dilka, dugsiyada military, network ballaariyey ee dugsiyada hoose, dugsiyada naxwaha furan in magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Russia dhibtaada. In muddo gaaban, oo leh dhalashada of Elizabeth bilaabay wax Nuurin la'aantiis.

Merit

In dhexe ee iyada boqortooyada ahaa mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee dalka - saleysan University Moscow ee. Its aasaasaha ahaa mid ka mid ah cadcad iyada - Shuvalov. Laba sano ka dib, ka dib markii Academy of Fine Arts waxaa la furay. Waqtigaas, saynisyahano dhalinyaro ah, ay ugu wayntahay oo aan Mikhail Lomonosov, heshay taageero gobolka, iyo wixii la mid ah .. Marka la soo koobo, haddii aysan ku tiirsanayn ugu cadcad, sawirka taariikhiga ah ee Elizabeth ku lahaa mid ka mid ah ugu caansan oo taliyayaasha ka mid Ruush. All of kor ku xusan waxaa loola jeedaa kooxda ruuxiga ah, laakiin marka la eego waxyaabaha inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Empress ah by abuurka ah ee masterpieces naqshadda calaamadeeyay, oo dhawaan la dhisay ama dhisay. dhismaha A grand dalka ka qayb qaatay horumarinta sayid tayo sare leh. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen sano oo boqornimadii Elizabeth. Dhismayaasha muddada this waxaa weli loo yaqaan dhacdo oo baroque ku Elizabethan. Inta lagu jiro sano iyada boqornimadiisa ayaa sidoo kale wax badan oo guulo milatari, ilaa Fatxi ee Berlin. Waxaa weli laga yaabaa in badan oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka, kaliya dhimashada Elizabeth ahaa bilowgii marxalad cusub ee taariikhda Ruush.

Peter III

Sida aad arki karto, boqortooyada Zaman gabadhii Peter Waynaa waxaa ka buuxsamay badan oo guusha quruxda leh. guryo badan boqornimada Yurub ahaayeen walaacsan oo dhan awood sii kordhaysa ee boqortooyadii Ruushka, sidaas dhimashada Elizabeth la aqbalay by dhan, gaar ahaan wakiillo ka socda guriga Brandenburg sida samada, mucjiso ka dhacay. Ka dib oo dhan, iyada waxaa loo arkaa sidii madhalays ah, oo sidaas daraaddeed ma tago dhaxal leh. Peter III - kaasoo boqor ka noqday ka dib markii Elizabeth iyada adeer, ina walaasheed iyada ka weyn Anna iyo Duke Karl Peter Ulrich of Holsten ahaa. In muddo gaaban, ka dib markii laanta Romanov dhab gooyey. Dabcan, kii dhaxalka lahaa mustaqbalka in dhiig uu awoowe ammaan badan, laakiin waxa uu iska lahaa panulirus ku Holsten oo ahaa farcankii of line toos ah oo lab ah Frederick aan, Boqorka Denmark. Laakiin asalka ah ee dhaxalka lahaa mustaqbalka carshiga Ruush, Bawlosna waan, waxaa jiray wax badan oo xan ah.

Carruurta hoygii Elizabeth ee xarunta of wararka xanta ah

Waxaa laga yaabaa in kuwa aan aqoon u leh jawi ah in ahaaday ee maxkamadda Ruush in bartamihii qarnigii 18aad, waxay noqon doontaa yaabay, waayo, farcankaaga qaar ka mid ah su'aasha, marka Empress ahaa sidii madhalays oo aan guursan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wax ma yihiin si fudud. Inta badan maxkamadda qabtay in Empress dheer ka hor u yimid carshiga, waxaa guursaday adhijirka kaniisadda Yukreeniyaan a Alexei Rozum, kuwaas oo markii dambe lagu soo bandhigay horyaalka ee Prince Razumovsky. Iyo in la sii wado sheekada waxay ahaayeen reer Elizabeth. Inkasta oo ay ahayd oo kaliya wararka la isla dhexmarayo, iyo wax caddeyn jiro. Laakiin iyada dhimasho bulsho ka dib oo hadda ka dibna u muuqday khaa'innadu kuwaas oo naftooda ku dhawaaqay dhaxla ay.

ina Elizabeth

By habka, wararka xanta ah ayaa sidoo kale qabtay waddammo magaca Prince Paul koowaad. In barxadda waxaa lagu faafin ka qoreen in uu yahay ina Elizabeth. Warkaas ka caawiyay in ay ka hadlaan xaqiiqada ah in inta u dhaxaysa Peter III iyo xaaskiisa, Catherine waligood xiriirka guurka. Dabcan, ilmaha la uuraysatay lahaa mid ka mid ah kuwo Empress mustaqbalka, laakiin hab dhaqanka gaarka ah ee bannaan difaacaneysa in uu "grandnephew" shiday wararka la isla dhexmarayo oo kale. Nasiib darro, oo wakhtiga Elizabeth aan suurto gal ahayd in ay sameeyaan baaritaan hidde, sidaa daraadeed waxa weli qarsoon oo dhan.

Princess Tarakanov

badan oo ka mid ah sheekooyinka ay u ogaadaan in dhimashada Elizabeth ee St. Petersburg ka dib waxaa jiray gabadh nooc ah, kuwaas oo ay nafteeda loo yaqaan gabadheeda, iyo in ay markii dambe xidhay by Catherine II ee Peter iyo Paul qalcadda. In Tretyakov Gallery ilaalinaysay rinjiyaynta artist caanka Konstantin Flavitsky, oo la yidhaahdo "Princess Tarakanov". Laakiin sababta ay gabadhu soo xirtay magacan? Oo hadday ahayd gabadhii Empress ah, wuxuu ku qirtay lahaa this Elizaveta Petrovna Romanova? carruurta iyada ayaa la sheegay in uuraysatay ama Alekseem Razumovskim (ninkeeda morganatic), ama mid ka mid ah walaalaha Shuvalov. Haddaba maxaad Tarakanov? Sida laga soo xigtay warar xan ah qaar ka mid ah in qaar ka mid ah Magaalada Swiss bartay adeerka Alekseya Razumovskogo, formation of taas oo lacagaha loo qoondeeyey ka khasnadda dawladda. Waxay soo xirtay magacaabi Daragan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in ay lahaayeen oo xididdada Ruush, waxay ogaaday in Switzerland Tarakanov. Iyo inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada ee Catherine II ee maxkamadda uu u muuqday Duchess Elizabeth Vladimirovskaya oo ku dhawaaqday in ay tahay gabadhii Elizabeth iyo Alekseya Razumovskogo. Sayidka Tarakanova, iyadu ma ay soo wac. magaca waxa loo adeegsaday in uu buugga diblomaasi Faransiis Zhan Anri Castera.

sheeko ama Halyeeyga True?

In mabda'a, macluumaadka in Elizabeth ahaa carruur garacyo, waxaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa in ay run. Ka dib oo dhan lacag la'aan eex iyo anshaxa ee Wacal maxkamadda Ruush (garacyo) waxay ahaayeen aan caadi ahayn oo wax caadi ah. Ka dib dhalashada ilmaha waxaa loo sameeyey in la siiyo lacag yar oo loogu talagalay dayactirka addoommadaada, meel wanaagsan ee dhulka miyiga ah. Mararka qaar qoyska korsaday xitaa ma oga, kuwaas oo ilmuhu korayo ku dhow yahay inuu iyaga u gaar ah, oo dhiiggooda buluug ah dal ee xididdada uu. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ay dhacdo reer Empress iyaga sida muuqata ma doonayaan in ay siin gacmaha la garanayn galay oo seefqaad ah ay eedo u gaar ah dhinaca aabbihiis. By habka, ee halyeeyada ah farcankii boqornimada aan la hadlayo ku saabsan gabadh iyo wiil keliya, oo ku saabsan dhowr carruur ah. Waxa intaa dheer in taariikhda Princess Elizabeth Tarakanova, inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Catherine sidoo kale wararka xanta ah in gabadhii kale ee Empress hore la odhan jiray Dositheus qasab indhashareerteedii qaadatay oo la xidhay in dastuurka Novospassky.

Paul ugu horeysay

Haddii aad baari geed markii abtiriskii dhalashadooda taliyayaashii qoyska Romanov ah, waxaad ka arki kartaa kuwa Sharuucda ka dib markii Elizabeth. Mar kale, waxa ay ahayd iyada adeer, ina walaashiis ugu weynaa, Anna, Peter III. By habka, tirada horyaalka ee "awow u ahaa Petra Velikogo" ka mid ah uu koobab badan. Laga soo bilaabo taariikhda waxa kale oo la og yahay in uu si kooban u qabsadeen carshiga. ugu dhakhsaha badan Xaaskiisa, amiirad Jarmal Sophia Augusta, wuxuu noqday christened Catherine, isaga afgembiyey oo noqday xaq kaliya in Russia, dabcan, iyadoo ay kaalmo ka mid ah taageerayaasha badan uu. intuu dhintay ka dib, ka taaj oo carshiga in wiilkeeda, Paul First ka gudbay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaa hadda lama yaqaan oo uu asal ahaan run, iyo halkan ka soo jeedo ee boqorada xiga Ruush.