Xawaalad sarifka lacagaha qalaad ee bangiyada, noocyada iyo sifooyinka

xawaalad sarifka lacagaha qalaad - ganacsi degeen by heshiisyada caalamiga ah ama sharci dajinta qaranka si ay u isticmaalaan qiimaha lacagta.

Noocyada macaamilka lacagta

1. sarrifka Dibadda xawaalad weeraryahanka (mustaqbalkooda, weeraryahanada) - macaamil ah, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo labada dhinac ku heshiiyaan gaarsiinta xaddi gaar ah oo lacag iyada oo markii la isku raacay ka dib markii la dhameeyo la sameeyay macaamil ganacsi by qiimaha sarrifka, kaas oo fadhiya waqtiga gabagabo. In lacagta mustaqbalka xawaalad, waxaa jira laba sifooyinka.

sarrifka go'an yahay macaamil ah, inkasta oo lagu sameeyaa muddo waqti go'an ka dib.

Inta u dhaxaysa gunaanad iyo xawaalad fulinta jiro bareeg waqti. Deadline, gaarsiinta ie lacagta, waxaa lagu qeexaa sida dhammaadka muddada laga bilaabo taariikhda macaamil ama muddo kale oo dheer ah.

On dhaafsiga shisheeye heshiis weeraryahanka waxaa lagu sameeyaa:

- si ay u helaan ay sabab u tahay sarifka lacagaha qalaad Balaadhisay faa'iidada kuteen;

- caymiska dibadda maalgelinta tooska ah ama faylalka ka dhanka khasaaraha suurto gal ay sabab u tahay hoos u dhaca ah ee lacagaha ay la fuliyo;

- sarrifka (diinta) ujeedo ganacsi, taas oo ah, sale hor sarifka lacagaha qalaad ama iibka lacagta qalaad bixinta mustaqbalka.

Codsiga si ay u daboosho halis sarifka lacagaha qalaad ee macaamil weeraryahanka waqtiga hawlaha ganacsiga uu noqday mid baahsan ee 70s lagu jiro kala guurka ah si ay isu waydaarsadaan heerka sabayn.

2. xawaalad sarrifka Dibadda ee bangiyada "Spot" ugu badan. Waxay sameeyaan ilaa 90% ka mid ah mugga guud ee macaamil ganacsi sarifka lacagaha qalaad. Waxay nuxurka waxa ku sugan gadashada iyo lacagta iibinta in xaaladda sahayda by bangiyada maalintii labaad ganacsi ka dib markii taariikhda macaamilka ganacsi ee heerka ayaa go'an ee ay soo gunaanaday. Xaaladdan oo kale, ka maalmood ee la shaqeeyo waxaa loo arkaa mid kasta oo lacagaha ku lug leh macaamil ganacsi. Taasi waa, haddii maalinta ku xigta taariikhda macaamilka ganacsi ee ka mid ka mid ah lacagaha aan la shaqeeyo, muddada bixinta lacagta waa maalin weyn yahay mid ka mid ah, oo haddii ay lacag kale ma aha maalin ganacsi, bixinta ayaa sidoo kale kor u kacay hal maalin.

In xawaalad sida dhaqdhaqaaqa lacagaha la sameeyo si ay u xisaab, kuwaas oo loo cayimay bangiyada-faa'iideystayaasha. Conversion Lacagta laba maalmood horay loo Yeedhiyaa by dhibaatooyinka Ujeedada of hirgelintiisa in muddo waqti gaaban, ayaa sidoo kale loo baahan yahay falanqayn hawlgallada sarifka lacagaha qalaad ee baanka ganacsiga.

element ugu mobile ee jagooyinka sarifka lacagaha qalaad waa howlgallada Bank ee suuqa sarrifka lacagaha qalaad ee la gaarsiiyo express, laakiin waxay ku jiraan khatar qaar ka mid ah. Iyada oo taageero ka ah xawaalad "garto" ay bixiyaan bangiyada baahida macaamiisha ah ee lacagta qalaad, oo ka mid ah lacagta ay fuliyeen socodka kuteen iyo arbitrage, magaalada in kale.

3. Macaamilada "beddelan" waa nooc ka mid ah heshiiska in isku daraa lacagta sarifka lacagaha qalaad xawaalad ee bangiyada. Yaqaan sida tallaabo bangiga tan iyo wakhtiyadii Dr Makumbe, marka kuwa baangiga jooga Talyaani sameeyay hawlgallada biilasha. Later, waxay bilaabeen in ay horumariyaan qaab hawlgallada deportnyh iyo reportnyh. Backwardation - isku-dar ah xawaalad inter-xiriira in warbixinta si cagsi ah, kuwaas oo qaadeen sale lacagta caddaanka ah ee lacagta qalaad iyo iibsashada ah waqtiga.

Later, xawaalad sarifka lacagaha qalaad ee bangiyada kayd 'isku bedelasho' foomka of exchange helay lacagta u dhiganta lacagaha kala duwan. Faa'iida hawlgalka oo intaasu waxay ahayd in la kordhiyo sheet dheelitirka bangi ee, sidaas abuuraya khatarta dheeraad ah iyo arrimo sii xumaatay. hawlaha sarifka lacagaha qalaad ee bangiyada, "isku bedelasho" xaliyo dhibaatooyinkan, tixgelin la sameeyo on sheet off-dheelitirka, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in sarrifka lacagta waxaa lagu fuliyaa qaab iibka.

"Beddelan" isku soo iibinta iyo sale of lacag la bixinta degdeg ah ka kontrsdelkoy lacagaha isku mid ah muddo go'an. On lacagaha miiska wada xaajooday oo leh laba-hawlgalayaasha (shirkadaha, bangiyada, iyo kuwo kale).