Waa maxay meteorite ugu weyn in dhaceen dhulka?

Seynisyahanno-felegga ee ka soo Kanada ku doodaya in ka daadanayo mass of meteorites duqeynaya dhulkeenna dulqaadasho, sannad ka badan 21 metrik. Laakiin xaaladaha inta ugu badan waxaa la dareemin sidii nin u arki karaan oo ay helaan meteorites kaliya zone deggan.

saamiga oogada dhulka dhulka waa% 29 kaliya, inta kale ee caalamka degan badaha. Laakiin oo ka mid ah 29% in ay qaataan meel aan ciduna degganayn nin ama xitaa ku haboonayn rugtii. Sidaas helo meteorite ah - guul weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray kiis marka meteorite ah wuxuu ka helay nin.

Kiiska of shil ah meteorite leh nin

In taariikhda oo dhan inuu dhaco ee jidhadhka in dhulka loo yaqaan si rasmi ah mid ka mid ah oo kaliya kiiska diiwaan of xiriir toos ah lala sameeyo qof ka mid ah meteorite ah.

Oo waxay noqotay in Mareykanka November 30, 1954. meteorite Chetyrehkilogrammovy ku dhacay saqafka guriga, dhaawac uu sayidaddeedii ku lugta. Sidaa awgeed, halista in madaxa bani'aadamka ku dhici doona kooxda martida ka sii daran ka meel dibadda ah, weli waxaa. Waxaan la yaabanahay waa maxay meteorite ugu weyn ee dhulkeenna ku dhacday?

Meteorites kala qaybsan yihiin saddex qaybood: dhagax-bir iyo bir. Oo mid kasta oo ka mid ah qaybaha kuwaas oo uu leeyahay kooxda ay.

The meteorite dhagax ugu weyn

Xad dhawaan, March 8, 1976, siiyey meel ay tahay hadiyadda Chinese ah Roob naasohoodu. dhagaxyada soo dhacaya in ay dusha ah ee 37 daqiiqo. Mid ka mid ah tijaabooyinka dhacay miisaamay 1,77 tons. Waxay ahayd meteorite ugu weyn in dhulka ku dhacay, isagoo qaab oo dhagax ah. Dhacdadan ayaa ka dhacay meel u dhow gobolka Shiinaha ee Jilin. magac la mid ah waxaa la siiyey meel bannaan oo marti.

Ilaa iyo hadda, Jilin meteorite waa dhagixii ugu weyn meteorite helay dhulka.

The meteorite ugu weyn-birta

Wakiilka ugu weyn ee meteorite category-birta miisaamay 1.5 tons. Oo waxaan ka helnay 1805 ee Germany.

meteorite Jarmal la shaqayn jiray, oo laga helay Australia, miisaamay oo kaliya 100 kg ka yar Jarmal ah.

Laakiin oo dhan ka bannaan dibadda dhaafay booqdaha bir ah, miisaanka oo ahaa toban jeer ka weyn yahay oo dhan meteorites hore laga helay.

The meteorite ugu weyn birta

In 1920, ee koonfur-galbeed ee Namibia, waxaa laga dhex helay meteorite bir ah ballaciisu yahay ee 2.7 mitir oo miisaankeedu yahay in ka badan 66 metrik! Zoom ee tusaale ahaan this caalamka oo aan weli laga helay. Waxaa soo baxday in meteorite ugu weyn in ay u dhaceen Earth. Magaca uu la siiyey in sharaf of beeraha Hoba West ah, milkiilaha oo orday oo intuu u galay intii lagu jiray beerista duurka. da'da saxda ah ee buurbuur bir ah waa 80 kun. Years.

Si aad u taariikhda, meteorite Goba ah waa block ugu weyn hal bir ah dabiiciga ah.

In 1955, meteorite ugu weyn in dhulka ku dhacay, Goba, ayaa lagu dhawaaqay in taallo qaran oo hoos ilaalinta gobolka. Waxay ahayd qiyaas loo baahdo, tan iyo 35 sano, halka meteorite ahaa in domain dadweynaha, wuxuu badiyay in mass ee 6 tons. Qayb ka mid ah oo miisaankeedu yahay ayaa laga badiyay iyadoo ay sabab u ah hababka dabiiciga ah - nabaad guurka. Laakiin kaalin weyn ka "slimming" habka keenay dalxiisayaal badan. Haddaba tag jirka kuwa samadu waa suurto gal oo keliya ka yar kormeer iyo lacag.

Meteorites, sida kor ku xusan, dabcan, waa ugu weyn ee ay category oo dhan hore la ogaado. Laakiin su'aasha ah waxa meteorite ugu weyn oo dhulkay ku dhaceen, oo furan.

meteorite ay ku dhinteen dinosaurs ah

Qof walba waa ogyahay sheekada murugo of eynu ee dinosaurs ah. On Jidka culimada dhimasho ay weli ku doodi, laakiin version in mujrim ah ee masiibada ahaa meteorite weli waaweyn ah.

Sida laga soo xigtay saynisyahano, 65 milyan oo sano ka hor dhulka uu ku dhacay meteorite wayn in uu keeno masiibo la miisaamayo Planetary. meteorite The gayiga, kuwaas oo hadda iska leh Mexico dhacay - saarney Yukotan, oo u dhow tuulada Chicxulub. Evidence of this ahaa dayrta ee 1970 laga helay bohol saameyn. Laakiin sida depression qariyeen by dhagaxyada ku aasan, si taxaddar leh baaris meteorite ma. Oo dhawr sannadood oo kaliya 20 ka dib, saynisyahano u noqday inuu waxbarasho.

Sidaas darteed shaqada this shaaca ka qaaday in bohol ka tagay by meteorite ah, waa 180 km dhexroor. Dhexroor of meteorite laftiisa ay ahayd 10 km. Hoos tamarta Impact ahaa 100 000 TM in TNT (this barbar qarax isku mar 2,000,000 eedeeyay isuga ugu weyn).

Waxaa la qiyaasayo in ay sabab u tahay saameynta ay meteorite a sameeyay height ruxruxo Tsunami waqti isku mid ah ka soo 50 ilaa 100 mitir kala duwanaayeen. Sara kiciyey saamaynta Qurub ciidda ee dhowr sano si adag u xidh xidhan Earth ka Sun, taasoo keentay in isbeddel cimilada riwaayado. roob Acid iyo dabka oo baaxad weyn oo soo noqnoqda, yhay xaaladda. On meeraha yimid analoogga ee qaboobaha nuclear. Sidaas darteed musiibo ku dhintay 75% ka mid ah noocyada xoolaha iyo dhirta.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee si rasmi ah Chiksulubsky meteorite - meteorite ugu weyn in dhaceen dhulka 65 milyan oo sano ka hor. Wuxuu U dhawaaday inuu baabbi'iyeen quruumihii oo dhan nolosha caalamka. Laakiin taariikhda meteorites dhacaan Earth ee size waxaa meedka meesha saddexaad oo kaliya.

The ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah kooxda ku

Ajnabiga 2 billion sano ka hor meteorite a dhulka, kaasoo ka tagay raad ah oo ay dusha ballaciisu yahay 300 km u dhacay. Xaggiisa meteorite ah oo lagu eedeeyey lahaa ballaciisu yahay ee in ka badan 15 km.

bohol ayaa ka tagay ka dib markii dayrta, waa in South Africa, ee gobolka of State Free iyo waxaa loo yaqaan Vredefort ah. Kanu waa bohol saameynta ugu weyn, iyo waxa meteorite ugu weyn in ay u dhaceen Earth ee taariikhda dhulkeenna ka tagay. In 2005, bohol Vredefort la qoran sida a Heritage Site UNESCO World. meteorite ugu weyn in ay u dhaceen Earth, sawir on xasuusta naftiisa uma uu dayn, si kastaba ha ahaatee, nabar weyn uma oggolaan doono inay iska ilaawaan ah oo ku saabsan qaab bohol ah oo ku saabsan dusha sare ee dhulkeenna.

Waxaa la ogaaday in dayrta ee meteorites, kuwaas oo dhinacyada waxaa lagu cabbiraa ee tobanaan yaraan of mitir, waxay dhacdaa dura boqolaal sano. A meteorites weyn dhici xitaa ka yar.

Culumada saynisku waxay saadaalinayaan in 2029 Earth uu doonayo in uu arko marti cusub.

Meteorite magacaabay Apophis

meteorite in hanjabo dhulkeenna, ayaa loo magacaabay Apophis (zmeeboga magaca, taas oo ka soo hor jeedda ilaaha qorraxda Ra ee qadiimiga Masar). hoos dhulka ama weli ka maqnaan oo noqotay meel u dhow meeraha, lama yaqaan. Laakiin waxa dhaca haddii aad weli la kulmaan dhacaan?

seenyo isku dhaceen ee Apophis la Earth

Sidaas darteed, waxaa la og yahay in dhexroorka of Apophis tahay oo kaliya 320 oo mitir. Haddii aad ku dhacaan dhulka ku dhacaya qarax, loo siman yahay in ay awoodda ah 15 000 oo bambooyin hoos on Hiroshima.

Haddii Apofis tiraan waynaha, waxaa saamayn bohol isagoo qoto dheer ah 400-500 mitir iyo ballaciisu yahay oo ah ilaa 5 km. The keentay la ruxruxo qaraxa baabbi'in lahaa qaab-dhismeedka caasimada fogaan ah 50 km ka xuddunta. dhismayaasha The ma lahan awood ay guriga leben ah waa la baabbi'in doonaa fogaan ah 100-150 km. daruur ciidda gaartay height a dhowr kiilomitir, ka dibna dabooli doonaa caalamka oo idil.

Stories faafin by warbaahinta ah oo ku saabsan xilliga qaboobaha nuclear iyo dhammaadka wakhtiga dunidu waa mid aad u buunbuuniyeen. The dhinacyada meteorite ee saamaynta oo kale waa mid aad u yar. Waxaa laga yaabaa in hoos u heer-kulka by 1-2 digrii, laakiin lix bilood ka dib waxaa caadi ugu soo noqonayso. Taasi waa portend musiibo, haddii aad weli ku dhici fog caalami ahaan.

Haddii Apophis dhacaa badda, taas oo u badan tahay in kici tsunami in dabooli doonaa dhulka xeebaha. height ruxruxo kiiskan ku xirnaan doontaa masaafada u dhexeysa meteorite xeebta iyo meelaha. ruxruxo bilowga ah waxaa laga yaabaa in height ah 500 mitir, laakiin haddii Apophis dhici doonaan dhexe ee badda, la ruxruxo gaareen xeebta, in aanay ka badnaan doonaa 10-20 mitir. In kastoo ay sidoo kale waa arrin khatar ah. duufaanka waxay sii wadi doontaa dhowr saacadood. Dhamaan dhacdooyinkaasi waxay waa in la tixgeliyaa oo kaliya sida ugu macquulsan la itimaalka gaar ah. Sidaas daraaddeed haddii Apophis kulmaan la dhulkeenna?

suurtagalnimada of Apophis garaacid dhulka

Apophis aragti handadaan dhulkeenna laba jeer. Marka ugu horaysa - in 2029, ka dibna - in 2036-m. Ka dib markii la arkay ay la isticmaalayo group radar ee saynisyahano itimaalka ee isku dhaceen ee meteorite dhulka la gabi ahaanba laga saaray. Sida for 2036, sida ay maanta isku dhaceen fursad of meteorite leh dhulka ah waa 1: 250 000. Oo sannad walba sii kordhaya saxnaanta xisaabaha itimaalka isku dhaceen hoos.

Laakiin xitaa la ixtimaalka sida a qeexayaa versions kala duwan ee weecasho qasbay ka koorsada of Apophis. Sayidka Apofis waa shay oo xiiso halkii ugu yeeray badan siday halis.

Ugu dambeyntii, waxaan la soco in meteorites si adag u halaagnay markay galaya jawi dhulka ee. Marka socdo heerka dunida ka mid ah ku dhacaan martidii ka bannaan yahay 10-70 km / s, oo xiriir la jawi gaas isagoo cufnaanta sare ah, heerkulka kordhay meteorite in ay muhiim, iyo waxa la fudud u gubay mid aad u xoog leh u yaraadeen. Sayidka, jawiga of dhulkeenna yahay gargaaraha ugu wanaagsan ee ifbaxay.