Waa maxay dareen Bagration

Bagration raaci ku - fikradda ah in uu noqday calaamad u ah geesinimo askari Ruushka, geesinimadiisa, iyo tababarka ciidamada. Siddeed jeer ammaanay Guud Napoleon ee, isagoo faa'ido weyn ee shaqaale, isku dayeen in ay qaado, kuwaas oo qalcad beerta cooshado. Halganka dareen Bagration ogol yahay askari Ruush on taagan berrinkii Borodino. Our awowayaashiis, oo ammaanta cadeeyay jabin karin Napoleon in askari Ruush waa ay dagaalami doonaan ilaa dhamaadka oo mana ay u socoto si fudud inuu seego cadowga inuu caasimada.

fikradda

Ka hor inta aan dagaalkii ay ugu dareen Bagration faahfaahin, si kooban yidhaahdo oo ku saabsan fikradda ah.

Dareen - foomka hore ee qalcad beerta, oo ka kooban laba Buuxinta. dhererka saxda ah ee kasta ahayd 20-30 mitir. Mid kasta oo ku yaal xagal, la xirrira tilmaanta fallaadh dhinaca cadowga. Sidaa awgeed magaca: ka dheer Faransiiska ka dhigan tahay "arrow". Dareen ahaayeen nooc ka mid ah beer ku meel gaar ah ee mini-Dhufaysyadoodii, taas oo lagu dhisay on meelaha ugu muhiimsan. Waxay leeyihiin tiro ku filan oo dad iyo hub, taas oo u adkeysan karaan ciribtir ee ciidamada cadowga ka xoogbadan. Dhab ahaantii, ka mid ah buluug aan koray qalcad, oo waxay lahaayeen in la qaado by duufaan ciidamada ka xoogbadan.

Magaca Historical iyo strategichskoe

dareen Bagration - 4 qalcad madaafiic field in height - ahaayeen tuulada Semyonovskoe. Waxay la abuuray si loo xoojiyo booska uu ka labaad Western Army Petra Ivanovicha Bagrationa. On map istiraatiijiga ah ee amarka Ruush, waxaa loo yaqaannaa "dareen Semenov" oo ah magaca taariikhiga ah - dareen Bagration - heleen sharaf of geesi caanka ah ee dagaalka ku jira. P. I. Bagration halkan ahaa dhaawacooda, taas oo cadeeyay inuu yahay dilaa ah helay.

Bagration raaci ku: xaaladda berrinkii Borodino

Waa maxay sababta Napoleon in ay isku dayaan in ay qabsadaan redoubt awood daafaca? Xaqiiqada ah in shaqo joojin guud Faransiis weyn la qorsheeyay uu weerar ugu weyn ee ay lugta ay taageerayaan madaafiicda garabka, oo u dhow tuulada Semyonovskoe. Kuwani fal go'aan wuxuu rajaynayay inuu burburiyo difaaca Ruush garabka oo taga si aad gadaal ciidanka our.

Ciidamada dhinac

weerarka garabka Successful gadaalka dambe ee ciidamada dalka Ruushka ayaa loo ogolaan lahaa in ay wax miiran awood ugu weyn ee aan u webiga. Tani waxay u saamixi lahaa in ay si buuxda u baabbi'in. Waxaa la fahamsan yahay iyo Kutuzov: band cidhiidhi iyo abuuray saddex qalcad madaafiic. Total Bagration loo qoondeeyay qayb in 50 ka mid ah qolofka hore iyo 8 kun. Askar.

Napoleon qoondeeyay weerarka garabka awooda badan 40 kun oo Man.. Waxa uu tixgeliyaa in this waa in ku filan si ay jebiyaan oo ka qalcad ah garabka daafaca. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Taliyaha weyn waqtigan aad buu u buuxay, meel cidhiidhsan lama oggola hore ee khadka dhexe ee daafaca si ku filan ka faa'iidaystaan faa'iido ah tiro. Sidoo kale, Faransiis ma tixgeliyaan iska caabin ah askartii Ruushka kuwaas oo, ka duwan xilli Yurub, markan in dhulkooda hooyo oo aan cadowga ka gardarada ilaaliyo.

Weerarada dareen

Dagaal for dareen Bagration mar bilaabay weerarka cadowga ee tuulada Borodino - 6 subaxnimo,. kiiloomitir iyo badhka ah koonfurta-galbeed ee qalcad ah waxay ahayd tuulo Utitsa. iyo flash kaynta qarinaya ilaalada Ruush si looga hortago sidii loo xoojin lahaa shaqada Faransiis ku wareegsan iyada oo kaynta u dhaxaysa.

Xitaa ka hor dagaalka ku Marshal Davoust qarkiisa ku yiil kaynta Utitskogo bilaabay inuu noobiyad dhiso weerarka. Halkan, our madaafiic iyo bilaabay Salvo ugu horeysay ee cadowga ku dhowaad hal dhibic-bannaan, la dinstantsii 500 mitir, aan cadowga la siiyo nooc ka mid ah oo lacag la'aan ah column ah. Faransiis The bilaabay in ay la kulmeyso khasaare weyn ka hor dagaalka ku jira. cadowga, sidoo kale, ayaa abaabulay saddex baytariyada 102 qoryaha kiiloomitir ka dareen oo bilaabay inuu ka eryo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dareenka madaafiic Ruushka oo dhan waxaa riveted u tiirar lugta.

Marka u dhowaanin fogaan ah 200 oo mitir oo ka mid ah madaafiic Ruush dhaqaaqay grapeshot dab joogto ah. Dhab ahaantii qoriga jeestay in ay qoryaha darandooriga, kaas oo kubad abutment column cadowga.

Waa in aan fahamsanahay in xeeladaha dagaalka ee waagaas ahaa mid aad u kala duwan ka jireen waagii dambe, oo dagaalka ku jira oo ka mid ah dhawaaqyada fuusto oo fiiefiican columns askari. Haddii Faransiis ah, tusaale ahaan, gurguurta, ama u dhaqaaqin at baxsad ah, waxay isla markiiba deyrka lahaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalka waxaa mar walba ka dhacaan meelaha furan ee baadiyaha, nidaamka column Napoleon ee had iyo jeer waa faa'ido. Halkan xaaladdu ahayd oo kala duwan: on qaybta meel cidhiidhi ah ay ahaayeen redoubts daafaca, taasoo, sida darandoorriga, "hoos u shafay" column cadowga.

Ka dib markii ay qoryaha Ruush bilaabay inuu baabbi'iyo oo safafka Faransiis la grapeshot at kala duwan oo ku dhow, tan dambe ayaa shakiyey advisability ee weerarro dheeraad ah. caws engegan oo kale la soo dhaafay noqday Salvo qoriga laga ilaalada kaynta ah. Oo cadowgii wuxuu bilaabay inuu Dumayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay horjoogayaal iyo Guud mar askari ah inay weerar soo diray.

Oo dagaalkiina wuxuu ka dhacay: Faransiis ah ay weerareen, gurteen, dhisay, ka dibna mar kale weeraray, qaba khasaare weyn. Ruush, on lid ku ah, ma qaado khasaare weyn in saacadaha ugu horreeya dagaalka. Our lugta u waxyoonay, markay arkeen in cadowga u xanuunsadaa khasaaraha.

All laga soo qaatay sideed weerar ku dareen Bagration. Faransiiska ayaa awood aan laga badiyay kaliya qaadashada khadadka daafaca, laakiin sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa oo dhan kaydka ah, kuwaas oo ku yiil lagama maarmaanka u ah guusha horumarka ay dhacdo horumar degdeg ah. Horjoogayaal ah ayaa la niyad jabin, Napoleon aad buu u dulmay, oo ciidamo uu badiyay rumaysadka uu adkaan karin. Ruush ayaa sidoo kale sii waday in ay qabtaan xilalka ay.

weerarkii siddeedaad

By qadada, waxa uu ahaa cad in dhabar jab weyn ee loogu talagalay ku dareen Faransiis Bagration. About 400 qoryaha bilaabay inuu idiinkala hadhin inay redoubts daafaca Ruush. Waxaa lagu tuuray oo dheeraad ah Man 45 kun.. Bagration u tartami karto kaliya 15 kun oo Dadka iyo 300 qoryaha..

Kutuzov sidoo kale ogaaday muhimadda ay leedahay waaxda this ee hore. Waxa uu awr iftiinka ku amray inay garab garabka cadowga iyo dhufan dambe cadowga. Tani waxa ay ahayd lagama maarmaan si ay u Abuuran reserve ka mid ah Faransiiska, ma iyaga siin doono inay ku tuuraan ciidamada oo dhan si ay u Bagration. Isla mar ahaantaana si la siiyey si ay u gudbiyaan awoodaha oo dhan in garabka, laakiin waqti loo baahan yahay for this. Faransiis The loola cararay ciribtir ah. Wakhtigan, Fadilmo weyn loo ogol yahay in ay jebiyaan on flash ah. Bagration oo wuxuu iyagii ku riday xooggooda oo dhan, Fowdadii danbayay taas oo ah taliyaha isaga qudhiisa ayaa waxaa soo boodo ku dhaawacmeen. Dareen la geeyay, Laakiinse go'aankiisa oo dhan ka ah qorshaha Napoleon ee cad noqday, ka dib markii ciidamada Ruush bilaabay si ay u sameeyaan difaaca ku salaysan qorshaha dhabta ah ee cadowga.

dareen Bagration, "Nabadda iyo Colaadda"

The dhacdooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee dagaalka Borodino, ka muuqataa ka sheekaysay L. N.Tolstogo "Nabadda iyo Colaadda". Bagration raaci ku waxaa meel "lumay". Dhammaan oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka ugu weyn ee dagaalka dagaalka Borodino, qoraaga ku xidhiidhsan batteriga Rajewski, kaas oo ku lug leedahay mid ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu waaweyn - Per Bezuhov.

Diidani in novel ah ayaa sheegay in ku saabsan Bagration ah: "Waa doqonimo ah, laakiin waxa uu heystaa khibrad, indhaha iyo go'aan ..." (Volume 3, Qaybta 1aad, Cutubka VI.), Laakiin waqti isku mid ah "... ugu fiican - Bagration qudhiisa Napoleon qirtay ... ". Fikradda novel ah "nacasnimo" waa horjeeda in fikradaha ah "go'aan, geesinimo." L. N. Tolstoy ka dhigayaa Faracoodii cad in Bagration - nin geesi ah, nin geesi ah, laakiin sida guud ah ma aha oo awood u xisaabinta qabow dilaa ah oo amarka lagu guuleystay. Tan waxaa si aan toos ahayn ayaa sidoo kale xaqiijiyay dagaalka ku: dareen Bagration tuuray juunyeerka oo dhan, oo wuxuu u kacay on weerarka madaxa isaga iyo ciidankiisii, waxaa tabar gabtid ku dhaawacmeen.

natiijooyinka

In this article aan daboolay wixii Bagration dareen: qeexidda siiyey, ku tilmaamay muhiimadda ay leedahay in dagaalka iyaga u soo baxa oo ka mid ah Battle of Borodino, xoogga dhinacyada. Haa, in kasta oo ay talaabo geesinimo leh oo ka mid ah askari oo Ruush, dagaalka ay badiyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay taasi dhacdo, oo ku saabsan taas oo ay ku tilmaameen "badiyay dagaalka, balse ku guulaystay dagaalka."