Waa kuwee Janissaries ah? Macnaha "Janissaries"

si toos ah Ciidamada gaarka ah, warar si Sultan ah - In ka notes of taariikhyahanadu ku tilmaamay Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, badanaa loo yaqaan "ciidanka ciidanka". Waa kuwee Janissaries ah, sida Ciidamada sameeyay muuqaal, waxaad ka arki kartaa this article.

la iibiyo

Janissaries yaqaano tan iyo bartamihii qarnigii 14-ka, marka ay xoogga unugyada Sultan Murad waxaan of lugta hormoodka Turkish ah ayaa la soo abaabulay. Macnaha "Janissaries" - "ciidanka cusub" (ee Turkish). First, oo safafka ay soo sameeyey maxaabiista dhalinyarada Christian iyo ragga dhallinyarada ah. Inkastoo waxbarashada Turkish adag oo mararka qaarkood xagjirnimada, askartii mustaqbalka tagay magacyada Christian. Janissaries ayaa si gooni gooni ah la koray ka carruurta kale, raja xirfadaha dagaalka iyo daacadnimada ah xagjirnimada in Sultan ah. Qarnigii 16-aad ayaa noqon kara janissaries iyo dhallinyarada ka soo jeedo Turkish. Codsadayaasha ah, dadka dhallinyarada ah ugu adag iyo waliba dhiifoon ugu xoogan ka soo 8 ilaa 12 sano la soo xulay. Soo xulay noolaa qalcaddii, tababarka ayaa lagu qabtay deegaanno gaar ah u adag. Askarta ayaa la qaybsan shirkadaha, cunidda ka dheriga caadiga ah iyo saaxiibada Order ee Dervishes yeedhay. Waxa laga reebay in ay guursadaan, qoyskooda ahaa hooyo shirkadda (unit dulinka), kaas oo waxaa loo arkaa a calaamad ka mid ah kuleeliyaha.

About kuwa Janissaries ah, taariikhyahan ah-ugu wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan ayaa sheegay in qarnigii 19aad, TN Granovsky. In shuqulladiisa, waxaa ku xusan in Suldaanka Turkish lahaa lugta ugu waxtarka badan ee adduunka, laakiin qayb ka mid ah uu ahaa arrin la yaab leh, "Janissaries badisay dhamaan dagaal weyn ee Varna, halka Kosovo ..." Waa in ay geesinimo iyo rag xoog mahad loo qaaday Constantinople. Sayidka, taliyaha Turkish guulaystay dhulal cusub oo wuxuu u xoogaystay si askartii lahaa asal ahaan Christian mahad awoodda ay.

Best of Best ah

Janissaries la siiyay tiro ka mid ah mudnaanta. Laga bilaabo qarnigii 16aad, waxay lahaayeen xaq u leeyihiin inay bilaabaan qoyska ka mid ah, ku lug leh farsamada kala duwan iyo ganacsiga ee waqtiga aan milatari ahayn. Gaar ahaan dagaalyahan Sharaf la siiyay shakhsi by Sultan ah. Ka mid ah hadiyado waxay ahaayeen dahabka, hub, iyo mushahar deeqsi. Taliyayaasha Janissary afka sanado badan qabsadeen ciidamada ugu badan iyo xilalka ay dadka rayidka ah ee Empire Turkish ah. rugo askareed January Janissary, ku yaal ma aha oo kaliya in Istanbul, laakiin sidoo kale in dhammaan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee gobolka Turkish. By bartamihii qarnigii 16-ka, Janissaries joojin aqbalay galay safafka dibadda ay. Horyaalka waxaa Dhaxli. A Janissary Guard noqonayaa rag & dumar ah bulshada iyo siyaasadda u xiran. Tani gudaha, xoog ku filan oo madax banaan si ay u galaan in mu'aamaraad siyaasadeed, ka taagay, oo wuxuu afgembiyaa oo kushiray oo door weyn ka ciyaaray in siyaasadda gudaha ee dalka.

Qaabka uu Janissaries ah

About oo Janissaries, iyo waxa ay meel ka mid ah ciidamada kale ee Turkish, cadaynaysay ah koofiyadaha sare, qurxiyey naxaas weyn suunka hore - ketch. Dhinaca kasta oo cap a tolaa ulo alwaax, oo waxay iyadii siisay ood adag. maro ku xirtaan this Behind dheer sudhay Shlyk, gaarey suunka dagaalka. gacmo Long Shlyk calaamad sare daraawiishtii, hoos barakada ay ahaayeen Janissaries ah. cap Color kulan jubbadda midabka (Zupan), kuwaas oo soo xirtay dagaalyahan ah.

janissary huwga koobnaa jubbadda diiran dheer, loo yaqaan Kerey. Markii hore dhigay midabka Kurei ma ahaa, laakiin by hore janissary ku cape qarnigii 18-kiisaska intooda badan lahaa midabka cas. Under Kerey waxaa lagu riday jubbadda maro, sida caadiga ah oo cad, oo leh dheer, gacmo ballaaran. On kooxood Zupan lahaa mid wangsan oo dheer in loo ogol yahay Janissaries si xor ah oo dagaalka ku jira. Oo hoose ee dhar la daabac xadhko in ay leeyihiin midab la mid ah sida Kerey la. Caftan qurxiyey dhex-xidh, waayo, Saber, oo suun meged ahna a ballaaran.

The midabka ahaa Kurei iyo surwaal - dheer oo ballaadhan. Sida caadiga ah waxay daboolaan qaybta sare ee kor boot badhkeed.

Waxyaabo badan oo ka mid ah Turkish dharka ciidamada qaatay iyo Cossacks. Ka dib markii Tusaale ahaan ee Janissaries ee dharka ay u muuqdaan zhupans dhalaalaya bilaabay iyo surwaal. la mid ah ayaa lagu muujiyey in muuqaalka. Cossacks iyo Janissaries kama uusan duugoobin gadhku, laakiin shaaribada koraan dheer. Way adag tahay in la yidhaahdo sida tan dhacay amaahda, laakiin xaqiiqda ah in uu ka dhacay - Lama warsanayo.

Oo saraakiishii reer Janissaries ah

Saraakiisha xirtay ku dhowaad isku qaab sida inta kale oo ka mid ah Janissaries. Halkii hat leh Shlyk ay xirtay sare, on top of taas oo ay ku xidhan duub, inta badan cad ee midabka. Mararka qaarkood hat suunka boogta, duub cooshado qurxinay hore sida caadiga ah waa a jawharad - giraanta ama calaamad dhar dhagax. Halkii maqaar saraakiil suunka soo xirtay suunka ah maro jilicsan oo daabac leh ama safaleeti hodan reer Faaris.

hubka Janissaries

Markii hore, fallaadhaha unit of Janissaries ka ahaayeen iyo qaansoley, oo sidaas daraaddeed hubka ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah ilaalada Turkish ahaayeen basasha. Si ka duwan hubka caadiga ah askari, basasha janissary ahayd adag, kala duwan weyn ee toogashada. Tartiib tartiib bedelay qori qaansooyinka. By bartamihii qarnigii 15aad ee Arsenal ee janissaries ah waxay ahaayeen toorreey, scimitar ah, iyo weliba faaska. Xaqiiqada ah in janissary Saber ah iyo sida ay ahayd hub amaanaa, lagu xukumi karaa by xubnihii museum sii raagayaan.

Scimitar ahaa (70 cm) daab dheer, hollowed soo baxay qaab gees oo dibi. Si ka duwan daab Saber scimitar ma ahaa dibadda iyo dhinaca gudaha. Taabta u qaaday qaab lugta ah. hub ahaa mid laga cabsado in xaq u leeyihiin inay xirtaan scimitar lahaa oo kaliya Janissaries. Waxaa intaa dheer, in qarnigii 17aad waxa laga reebay, si ay u tagaan ka baxsan Dekedaha ay mindi. Scimitar, sida hubka oo kale, wuxuu ahaa premium ama qabsaday. Haddii bilowga ah ee ka orts dagaalka dagaal ma ay hub shakhsi, soo saaray taliyayaasha uu.

Janissaries Slavs

About oo Janissaries Turkish, iyo wax ku oolnimada ciidamada ayaa waxaa si weyn loo yaqaan. Ma aha la yaab leh in unugyada sida ay isku dayeen in ay abuuraan dowladaha kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhammaan laakiin muuqaalka iyo ujeedada, janissaries ee ciidankii reer Dhexe oo sicad uga duwan namesakes ay Turkish.

Qarnigii hore 18-kii, ka hor dhamaadka War Northern ah, iyadoo ay sabab u wada xaajoodka u dhexeeya mucaaradka iyo ganacsato taajiriin ah Boqorka Augustus II waxaa fuliyey dib u habaynta ciidamada. Ciidamada ku meel gaar ah siiyey si ay qayb ka mid ah ciidanka oo joogto ah, oo ka kooban lugta oo wuxuu lahaa laba shirkadda Janissary (boorar). Waxay door ka mid ah Ilaalada - koobnaa hetman oo iyaga loo isticmaalo amarada qofka iyo sida shakhsiga ah ilaalinta.

guutooyin ciidan

Calammo sita oo ay leeyihiin guutooyinkiisa oo iyaga u gaar ah iyo music ay. guutooyin ka mid ah ayaa loo yaqaan chapels Janissary. Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee u dhexeeya cibaadaysiga, kanu wuxuu ahaa durbaan - laba jeer wax ka badan in regiments kale lugta orchestras. cibaadaysiga waxaa ka soo qeyb lix fannaaniin iyo dheeraad ah, haddii kale loo yaqaan Surmach. Saffarro tilmaami guutadii ciidamada urub sida "waxashnimada ah" iyo "cabsi badan."

dhamaadka Janissaries ah

Janissaries Belarus joogsan doonaa si uu u jiro ka dib guuldaradii Stanislas Radziwill. Ka dib markii taxane ah oo darrooyin milliteri oo uu dibadda u cararay. Iyo ciidankiisii gaarka loo leeyahay ayaa la kala diray, oo waxaa ka dhigista iyo askartii Janissary.

qaddar naxdinta More sugayay dhigooda Turkish. In Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, qof kasta garanayay kii Janissaries ah. Marka la barbardhigo Polish-Lithuanian ee Commonwealth, askari, kuwaas oo ma ka tirsan ilaalada shakhsiga ah ee Sultan ah, oo jiray sida rag & dumar ciidan xiran, ilaa 1826. Markaasaa Turkish Sultan Maxamuud II amray burburinta Janissaries ah. Tan iyo markii ay dagaalka ku furan u qalmay inuu ku guuleysto dagaalyahan khibrad ahaayeen Fudud, Sultan waxay tageen trick ah. In ka badan 30 kun. Man xanniban ee Hippodrome ah, oo ka grapeshot madfac ku toogteen. Sayidka dhamaaday xilligii of Janissaries ah, oo way iska tageen ay tahay legdinta.