Vologda Kremlin State Museum-Reserve (sawir)

In xarunta of Vologda waa taariikh iyo naqshadda galidoonaan, taas oo la aasaasay by amarka Ivan IV sida qalcaddayda ah (1567) oo waxay u adeegeen sidii kaalin daafaca XVI ah - XVII qarniyo. Bilowga ee qarnigii XIX ah, derbiyo, iyo munaarado ay ahaayeen kala dhantaashay. Maanta waa Vologda Kremlin State Museum-Reserve. Waxaan kuu sheegi doonaa ah oo ku saabsan taallo ah ee taariikhda iyo naqshadaha.

Vologda Kremlin - History

Dhismaha Kremlin bilaabay guga 1566, maalin ka Jason Rasuullada iyo Soosibater. Waxa uu si toos ah shaqada ay injineer booqanaya ka Hemfri UK LOKK.

Ivan Grozny ayaa la qorsheeyay in ay isticmaalaan Kremlin Vologda sida uu deganaansho u gaar ah. Xilsaaray dhismaha dhulka xagga woqooyi ka koobnayn webiga Vologda, ee xagga koonfureed ayaa la qoday ka qoday, taas oo maanta loo yaqaan scrofula webiga, soohdinteeda galbeed orday iyada oo loo marayo wadada hadda Leningrad.

In 1571, waayo shaqada dhismaha ayaa la ganaaxay oo xidhiidh la leh ka tagay boqorka. Halkaa marka ay marayso, waxa ay la qotomiyey derbigooda dhagaxa ah iyo kow iyo munaarado, labo ka mid ah oo, iyada oo deedka ku, in geeska koonfur-galbeed.

Later ee Kremlin u muuqday kaniisad cathedral - dhismo dhagax weyn, St. Sophia Cathedral. Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa ahayd hoygii boqorka, oo qoryo laga sameeyeyba, iyo Church ee Joachim iyo Anna. oodfada alwaax iyo munaarad 21-hipped la dhisay. derbigooda dhagaxa ahayd oo kaliya ka koonfur-bari iyo waqooyi-galbeed. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in Kremlin Vologda ah oo aan weli la dhamaystiro, tan iyo waagaas uu size weyn ku dhacay.

Saddex munaaradaha alwaax iyo afar intermediates la dhisay xilligii ee Alexei Mikhailovich.

Waddooyinka ku yaalla gudaha Kremlin ah, ayaa la qorsheeyay iyada oo la tixgelinayo dhinaca ka mid ah wadooyinka ugu muhiimsan, kaas oo la dhisay ka Gate Spassky ah, oo keentay in Sophia ee Cathedral Saint. Abuuray dhexeeya waddooyinka xaafadaha ugu waaweyn iyo kuwa laga galo. aagga Central noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Sobornaja. waxaa On ahaayeen Sophia St. Cathedral, gurigii boqorka iyo qaybta hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu ee.

Vologda Kremlin lahaa adeegga dadweynaha, ayaa ku yaalla oo ay la socdaan derbiga bari, taas oo keentay in uu boqorku ka doonayay webiga xun. On lid ku ah, waxaa jiray a aqal qoraal yar - waxaa fadhiyey culimmada. albaabka Next waxaa xabsiga ceeb, oo daba jiray siddeed Maqsinnadaydii meesha hadhuudhka ahaa ku kaydsan, la shireen dadka gobolka. Just koonfurta Pyatnitskikh abaabulay aqal dibinta taas oo fadhiistay headman labial. Waxay baaraan kiisaska dembiyada. Kolkiiba ayuu ahaa hareereysan xayndaabka sare iyo yard xabsiga.

On dhulka ee Kremlin waxa la abaabulay aagga shopping caan ah. In 1711, laba iyo toban saf la dhisay waxa on. Later, marka iyagu ma ay ahaayeen ku filan, oo safafka shopping bilaabay inuu wax dhiso on bangiyada of scrofula.

Inta u dhaxaysa munaaradaha Spassky iyo Vologda ku yaal Gostiny Dvor, kuwaas oo ahaa in 1627 soohdinta reer dhererka 98 mitir 92 mitir u ballaaran. Waxaa jiray maqsinnona waxba bannaan, la dhisay ka yar saqafka la mid ah, Peter iyo Paul Church.

Maanta Vologda Kremlin - waa xarun taariikhda iyo dhaqanka ee magaalada. Hadhaagii badan dhismayaasha daafaca ayaa haatan wakiil qaab balliyada iyo boholo ee park museum iyo scrofula River.

museum taariikhda

museum kowaad ee Vologda ayaa u muuqday in qarnigii XIX ah. Waxay ahayd guriga ka mid ah Peter aan, kaas oo helay horeysay soo booqda ay 1885. 11 sano ka dib (1896) muuqday Vologda Ibraashiga Drevnehranilische kaas oo waxaa jiray Antiquities qiyamka diinta iyo waraaqaha muhiimka ah ee Sheeko Vologda ah.

gallery The art ugu horeysay ee Vologda muuqday 1911. Waqtigaa waxaa ka mid ah Abuuridda iyo rodinovedeniya Museum.

In March 1923, sida laga soo xigtay go'aan oo ka mid ah masuuliyiinta maxalliga ah, oo dhan ee matxafyada ee magaalada marka la isku daro.

On State Vologda ku Historical iyo Architectural Museum-Reserve ayaa abaabulay ku salaysan museum gobolka.

Maanta waxa mideeya Vologda Kremlin iyo 9 laamaha. Waxay kala yihiin:

1. Architectural iyo kaladuwan Museum.
2. Museum of shalash.
3. Golaha Peter I.
4. "Vologda link" (museum).
5. House-Museum of AF Mozhaiskogo
6. Apartment Museum Batiushkov Kn
7. "Suugaanta. Art. Century XX »(museum).
8. "Ilowdey Waxyaabaha" (Museum).
9. "Vologda ee Warega of XIX - qarniyo XX" (Xaqa ahayda).

Sophia Cathedral

Tani waa dhismaha ugu da'da dhagax ee magaalada. Vologda Kremlin iyo St. Sophia Cathedral - ka taxadiri weyn ee naqshadaha iyo taariikhda ee qarnigii XVI ka. Markaasaa macbudkii waxaa uu leeyahay size aad u cajiib ah. Darbiyada waa 38,5 mitir dheer, height ka badan 59 mitir oo ka sii weyn.

St. Sophia Cathedral waa tusaale ka mid ah naqshadda dhismaha kaniisadda Ruush ee qarnigii XVI ka. dhismayaasha noocan oo kale ah ay ahaayeen wax caadi ah in magaalooyinka, waxay la dhisay sida ay nooca Cathedral male ah in Moscow. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Vologodskiy Cathedral ka duwan naqshadaha kale analogues jaho oo siinaysaa stringency gaar North Cathedral.

muuqaalada dhismaha

Sophia Cathedral uu leeyahay feature a sifo. Iyadoo la tixraacayo Buzadag hore ee meesha allabariga Church ee kaniisadda waa in had iyo jeer la bari u jeedday. At amarka Ivana Groznogo meesha allabariga ee cathedral ay u dhisan tahay hab in waxa la faray in waqooyi ah. Sida baadhayaashu, Ivan IV doonayay allabariga macbudka jeeda webiga, inkasta oo ay ahayd lid ku ah dhaqanka ee dhismaha kaniisadda.

Ka hor inta aannu mar gebi ahaanba la ilaashaa alwaax iconostasis sharraxnaan jirtay shan nooc ah. Waxaa la abuuray 1738 oo ahaa kii saddexaad tan iyo dhismaha katedraalka. Leyliga isaga, ku qoray rinjiile ah Polish Maxim Iskritsky.

Inta lagu jiro ay taariikhda dheer Sophia St. Cathedral ahaa dib marar badan. Its qaab casri ah waxaa la helay oo keliya qarnigii XX ah.

munaaraddii dawan ee Kremlin Vologda ah

In 1659 belfry dhagax octagonal la dhisay on dhulka ee Kremlin.

In 1869, Bishop Palladius, kuwaas oo loo arko in munaarad dawan ee Cathedral ee waa in dhammaan dawannadii waxay ku Sheeko kor ku xusan, aaminay naqshadeeyaha ugu VN Shildknehtu u-dhiska. teendhadii ayaa la burburiyey iyo dhisay noobiyaddii dawan jir ah ayaa weli ka jira maanta, ayaa tilmaamay dedan oo wacaya.

feature ugu muhiimsan ee ku jiray munaaraddii dawan waxay bilaabeen inay chime, kaas oo loo sameeyey in Moscow ee walaalaha warshad Gutenop (1871). Markaasaa maanta ay tahay magaalada ugu weyn ee saacadood.

belfry gaar ah

Halkan, ururinta gaar ah ee dawannadii waxay qadiimiga ah. Well raagayaan dawan qarnigii XVII. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin horyaalka asalka - "All" (1627), "Big Swan" (1689), "Little Swan" (1656) iyo kuwo kale.

At heerka of madaxa saldhigga jiro sagxad ah oo dhawrid ku yar. From waxaa aad u bogi karin aragtida aan caadi ahayn ee magaalada, webiga.

Cutubka munaaraddii dawan sharraxnaan jirtay. Markii ugu danbeysay shuqulkan laga fuliyay 1982. Markaasaa waxaa u qaaday 1200 garaam oo dahab ah caleen.

Golaha Peter aan

museum wuxuu bilaabay shaqeeya Vologda ee 1872 fog. Waxaa ku yaalla qaybta taariikhiga ah ee magaalada, on the bangiyada webiga Vologda ah, ee guriga hore ee Gutmann. Waa dhismaha oo kaliya ka badbaaday oo ka mid ah baayacmushtariyaasha Dutch. Waxaa inta badan soo booqday by Peter I.

Haddaba museum ee ururinta ee boqolaal ka mid ah soo bandhigaa. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah - Marag aamusin ee xilligii hore. Tani piece of alaabta, kaas oo ay weli ku xardhay "AG" (Adolf Gutmann), ay iska leeyihiin milkiilayaasha guriga.

soo bandhigaa Gaar ahaan qiimo leh waa amar ah in la aasaasay by Peter I. Waa, dabcan, ay Order Andreya Pervozvannogo. Oo waagaas, waxay la siiyay iyadoo 38 qof.

dalxiisyada

Maanta, dad badan oo ka mid ah dalka our iman inaad kormeerto Vologda Kremlin, photos oo aad ka arki kartaa in this article.

Museum ka mid ah 40 taxadiri, degaanka total - 9000 sq. m. Waxay bixisaa suugaanta, farshaxanka, sayniska dabiiciga ah, taariikh iyo bandhig kaladuwan. ururinta museum waxaa ka mid ah in ka badan 500 kun oo items - shuqullada aad u qaali ah ee farshaxanka ee Russia, qadiimiga ah gooldhalinta, qoraallada, lacagta qadaadiicda jir iyo wax ka badan.

In ka badan 60 kun oo bandhigaa waxaa soo bandhigay bandhigyo kala duwan. tijaabooyinka, ka ururinta matxafka badan ayaa muujiyay in England iyo Germany, Vatican iyo France, Finland iyo Netherlands, Hungary iyo Austria. Dhammaan martida u tours Vologda Kremlin booqan kartaa labada shakhsi iyo koox. Iyo barnaamijyada dalxiiska waxaa loogu talagalay kooxaha da 'kala duwan, ka carruurta da'da dugsiga ka hor. Ku saleysan oo ka mid ah matxafka iyo shuraakada ay si joogto ah la sameeyay in ka badan 80 dalxiisyada.

mode Museum of hawlgalka

Maanta, dalxiisayaal badan u tag Vologda Kremlin. Saacadaha ay furan - maalin kasta ka 10.00 si ay u 17.00. museum waxaa la xidhay Isniintii iyo Talaadadii. On dhulka ee Kremlin, bilaash lagu galo maalin walba.