Tiri Bobrinsky, ina Catherine 2: Biography. Dhaqd- Tiri Bobrinsky Bogoroditsk

Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhyahan, Catherine 2 - waa muuqashadii absolutism ee Russia. Laakiin waa in aynu iloobin in ay board of our dalka uu noqday mid ka mid ah ciyaartoyda ugu muhiimsan ee saaxadda siyaasadda dunida iyo bilaabeen inay talaabadii ugu horeysay ee horumarinta ganacsiga iyo warshadaha. Sidaas daraaddeed, in Crimean Ruush ahaa LABAGEEDI, dib u habaynta in beddeleen qaab-dhismeedka gudaha maamulka gobolka, iyo sidoo kale isbedelka badan ee dhaqaalaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nolosha gaarka ah ee Empress uu keeno oo keena danta aan ka yarayn. Gaar ahaan, mar walba at nin ee wadada waxaa jiray set oo ah su'aalo ku saabsan sababta Tiri Bobrinsky, ina Catherine 2, ku dhalan guur, ka soo maxkamadda ayay ku soo koray fog.

Grigory Orlov

Sheekadu waxay ku saabsan oo ahaa Bobrinsky Earl ah, ina Catherine 2, ma aad bilaabi kartaa iyada oo aan Xusidda aabbihiis - Grigory Orlov. Tani, ka dibna yar iyo aad u soo jiidasho, sarkaalka muuqday barxadda Elizabeth 1 1760 oo markiiba helay amaan run ah oo Don Juan. Si dhakhso ah uu daawan jiray naagtii Tsesarevicha Petra Fedorovicha - Catherine, kuwaas oo maamula si ay u gaaraan ah lover caga muhiim haye ee Xafiiska madaafiicda waaweyn iyo qalcad ah. kaalin gaar ah muhiim A nolosha Sirkaalkii dhallinyarada Empress mustaqbalka bilaabay ciyaaro dhimashada Elizabeth 1. dib markii Oo markii Catherine oo carshiga ku yimid, Orlov noqday ugu jecel yahay oo dhan-awooda badan oo uu sameeyay sharaf kasta hubaal.

ina sharci darrada ah

Xiriirka Orlov iyo amiirad taajkii Jirin qarsoodi ah qof, iyada ninkaaga mooyaane - ka dib markii uu goysiga carshiga - naagtii uu nebcaa wiilkeedu raray iyo darafkiisa kale inta madaxtooyada, oo aan weligood la booqday. Sidaa darteed Catherine si taxadar leh qarinaayay uurka, in ay ahayd wax aan macquul aheyn in ay gudbaan sida "sharci". Nasiib wanaag, wax walba shaqeeyo, maxaa yeelay, markaan April 11, 1762 Empress ahaa ee shaqada, ay taalo Basil Shkurin dab inuu reerkiisii u dhigay, iyo Peter Fedorovich la timi ku orday inuu dabka daawado. Sayidka, dhalashada wiil yaqaan oo kaliya in ay ku dhow dhowr Catherine, oo iyana waxay u suurtagashay in ay ka fogaadaan fadeexad iyo xabsi ku keniisad a.

Tiri Bobrinsky, ina Catherine 2: sanadaha hore

Ilmaha dhashay qarsoodiga ah Emperor iyo maxkamadda, waalidiinta magacaabay Alexei iyo sida in ay ka baxaan in Palace Winter ahaa jid uma sugnaanin, wuxuu siiyey taalo qoyska Shkurina, isaga ku amray inay ilmaha siiyaan wiilkiisii. Labo bilood ka dib markii dhacdooyinkan ka dhacay inqilaab caanka ah, kaasoo sameeyey hooyadiis u gaar ah waxay sayidaddeedii ku Alyosha yar ee gobolka weyn, iyo aabbihiis - mid ka mid ah kuwii gobta ugu awooda badan ee Empire Ruush ah. Laakiin dhacdooyinka oo dhan ayaa saamayn lahayn on qaddar ee ilmaha, iyo ilaa 12 sano jir, uu ku soo koray ee shuruudaha la mid ah sida carruurta kale ee laba Shkurin. Inkasta oo waa inaan sheegaa in ay taalo ma aha qoys faqri, iyo in 1770, iyo wiilashiisii, oo ay la socdaan Alexei, kharashka dawladda loo diray waxbarasho Leipzig. Marka qalin, ayuu wuxuu ku noqday Russia, iyo amarrada Empress wuxuu bilaabay inuu karaameeyo uu Alekseem Grigorevichem Bobrinskim.

Asalka magaca

nin Modern sii joogi kartaa yaabiyaa sababta aabbahay oo dhan-awooda badan ma aqoonsan karin ilmaha naagtii uu jeclaa? Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa ku dhacay wiilkii sharci darrada ah ee Catherine 2, waayo, dadkii reer abtirsan jiray, kuwaas oo ku noolaa qarnigii 18aad, waxa ay ahayd arrin si. Gaar ahaan, hooyada boqornimada iibsaday isaga for tuulada Spassky, ama sida waxa loo yaqaan, Bobriki ku yaalla gobolka Epifanskie County Tula, oo waxay isagii u sheegeen in ay siin magac magaca xaafadda. Laga soo bilaabo taasi ka dhigan tahay in ay ilaaliyaan nin dhallinyaro ah oo ay noqotay in ka khasnadda dawladda ma tegi, laakiin kharash ku dakhliga ka serfs iyaga u gaar ah. Sidaa daraadeed waxaa la aasaasay xaafadda, ayaa maanta loo yaqaan garaafyada dubaan, Bobrinskys.

Life waa ina ay sharci darrada ah ee Catherine 2, ilaa boqornimadii Paul 1

Ka dib markii la helo waxbarashada aasaasiga ah ee dibadda, Alexei Bobrinsky la ansixiyay in kalen arday Corps, wuxuu ka kaas oo ka qalin ee 1782 la bilad dahab ah. Ka dib markii in, Ninkii dhallintayaraa ee diiwaan ciidanka ee ku darajo wayn ee Sarreeye. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka hor inta aysan xilkooda isaga ama iyada, ayuu, wada jir ah ula qalin kale ugu sharafta hay'ad waxbarasho ayaa sheegay in loo diray on a safar dheer in magaalo Russia ka dibna Europe. Dhamaadkii safar ah uu ka soo jeestay in uu noqdo nin dhallinyaro ah ee Paris iyo go'aansaday inuu halkaas joogo, taasoo keentay nolosha duurjoogta playboys hodan. Ka dib markii tacabur kala duwan, wararka xanta ah taas oo ka xanaajisay Catherine 2, mustaqbalka Tiri Alexei Bobrinsky muuqday Russia oo kaliya xilliga qaboobaha ee 1788-th. Hooyada ma aysan dooneynin inuu isaga arko oo u sheegay isaga in si toos ah u tagaan ka Riga raaxaystaan, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa inuu kuugu adeego sidii labaad ama sirkaal. Laakiin mustaqbalkiisa military ma ka codsanaynaa ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa, iyo in 1790 uu ku qoray warbixin uu iska casilay, taasoo la siiyey. Muddo ka dib, mustaqbalka Earl Bobrinsky (ina Catherine 2) iibsaday, ay oggolaansho ka arrinta, Castle Ober-Palen oo wuxuu guursaday Anna Ungern-Sternberg. Ka dib markii arooska, lamaanahan ayaa booqday caasimada, oo si raxmad leh ayaa helay by Empress, kuwaas oo ka codsaday walaashiis sida ay aan ka baqay in ay guursadaan nin, arrimaha jacaylka isaga kasbadeen sumcad Aadanaha gabadha ee? Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Catherine 2 uma uu yeedhin dhallinyarada in ay ku noolaadaan maxkamadda. Sidaa darteed Alex Bobrinsky dib naagtiisii u-Ober Palen leh oo halkaas ku noolaa ilaa uu ka dhinto hooyadiis. Markaasuu ma qiyaasi kartaa waxa isbedel isaga sugi mustaqbalka.

shaqo ee horyaalka ee Tirinta Alekseyu Bobrinskomu

Ku dhawaad isla markiiba ka dib markii uu goysiga si bedelka carshiga Catherine 2 yeeri badhkiis walaalkiis. Xaqiiqada ah in Paul 1 aysan jirin sabab u noqon masayr ama cadowga ku ah farcankii sharci darrada ah, tan iyo markii innaba mid toona kale ee aan weligood loo yaqaan jacaylka hooyo ee. Wuxuu u yeedhay isaga si St. Petersburg, iyo warqad ayaa sheegay in hadda ka Aleksey Grigorevich Bobrinsky iman karo caasimada iyo inaan baxo, waqti kasta uu doono. Intaa waxaa dheer, awaamirta Imperial waxaa lagu dhisay meelo sarsare oo count ee. Sayidka, ku caan Ruush siyaasiyiinta, Guud, soo saarka iyo qorayaasha Bobrinsky - garaafyo, heshay horyaalka ee uu qaraabo - Emperor Paul 1.

sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

1 Anigoo Bawlos ah ayaa sidoo kale go'aansaday inuu ku laabto Bobrinsky ay share Ehelka dhaxalka Orlov iyo siiyey guriga aabbihiis iyo commandery Petersburg ee degmada Gdov. Waxaa intaa dheer, on maalintii uu dabaaldega, gooyo shakhsi isaga u dalliciyey oo si guud ugu waaweyn. Laakiin Tiri Bobrinsky, sawir ka sawirka, taas oo muujinaysaa eg xoog leh Catherine 2, ma jeclaan ciidamada. Sidaa darteed, sanad kadib uu la weydiiyey inuu ciyaaraha ka fariisto oo go'aansaday inuu soo qaato beeraha. Tan iyo markaas, estate ee Tirinta Bobrinsky Bogoroditsk noqday mid ka mid ah ugu barwaaqo ah oo lagu dayan karo ee Russia. Intaa waxaa dheer, Major-General fariistay hawlan mineralogy iyo xiddigaha, iyo xataa dhisay guri nagaadi ah in ay fiirinta yar iyo nawaaxigeeda.

Bobrinsky (garaafyada)

Iyada oo wiilkii sharci darrada ah ee Tirinta Orlova Ekaterina 2 wuxuu lahaa afar dhaleen, taas oo ka mid ah uu u qalmo Xusuuso gaar ah Aleksey Alekseevich Bobrinsky sameeyey takhasus caan ah oo duurka ku ah beeraha iyo waa aasaasaha of-soo-saarka warshadaha oo sonkor ah dabocase ee Russia. No caan ka yar ahaa walaalkiisa ka yar - Vasily, oo ahaa mid ka mid ah the first to la soo geliyaa Society koonfurta of Decembrists ah. By kadis ku faraxsan maalinta dhacay kacdoon St. Petersburg December, ayuu la qoyskiisa ee Paris ahayd, iyo, sidaas darteed, waxaa loo xirin. Marka uu ku soo laabtay Russia, wuxuu mashquul ku ahaa hawlaha estestvoispytatelskoy iyo shaqada hay'ad samafal, gaar ahaan degaanka waxbarashada dadweynaha.

Bobrinskys Manor maanta

In 1933, estate ee cayn Tirada caanka ah ee rogmaday adag matxaf, taas oo ah mid ka mid ah jiidashada ugu weyn ee gobolka Tula. shuqulladiisii ugu weyn ka mid ah - Palace ee dacwadood ee Bobrinskys, hadalkay of museum degaanka aamminsan yihiin, xabaashii qoyska, planetarium iyo park a raaxo leh, horumarsan ee qarnigii 18aad. Waxaa sii raagayaan sida kaniisad, dhisay 1774-1778 sano guryaha.

Bogoroditsk Museum Collection

Works of art iyo failed kala duwan xiiso xitaa milkiilaha ugu horeysay estate. Sidaa darteed, waa ururinta a in ururiyey Tiri Bobrinsky (ina Catherine 2), oo waxay noqdeen ku saleysan oo ka mid ah lacagaha adag museum in Bogoroditsk ah. Maanta waxay ka mid dhowr kun oo alaabta. Waxaa ka mid ah ee ugu qiimaha badan u muuqan kuwa soo socda:

• ururinta paleontological xoolaha lafaha of Epoch Pleistocene ah;
• hadhaagii qaddiimiga ah sida faasas dhagax of Age Naxaas ah;
• koob ee Meyeydaan shuqulladii K. E. Tsiolkovskogo;
• hantidooda gaarka ah ee xubno ka mid ah Bobrinskys panulirus ah.

Bobrinskys Palace

Dalxiisayaasha booqanaya gobolka Tula ah, hubi inaad ku talinaynaa in ay booqdaan in Bogoroditsk. Waxay ku taallaa jiro madaxtooyada iyo park galidoonaan waa abuurista dhise caanka ah I. E. Starova iyo tusaale fiican oo naqshadda dhismaha ee dhamaadka waayihii Catherine ee. Maanta way adag tahay in ay aaminsan yihiin in Tirada Bobrinsky Bogoroditsk madaxtooyada ayaa waxaa si xun u dhaawacay inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida - qayb kaliya ee derbiyada ku hadhay waxaa ka mid ah. Thanks to shuqullada dib u soo celinta ballaaran fuliyay bartamihii 1970-, tani qaab-dhismeedka naqshadda heer sare ah ayaa lagu soo celiyey, oo gudaha ah ayaa leydin ka badbaaday Dakatu iyo markhaatiyaal indhaha ku arkay. By habka, dhowr ogahay in estate ee Tirinta Bobrinskys waxaa si fiican u yaqaan LVU Tolstomu, oo ku nool Yasnaya Polyana yaalla meel u dhow meelahan. By jidka, waxa uu ku tilmaamay in "Anna Karenina" sida xaafadda Alekseya Vronskogo. Oo Tiri Bobrinsky Museum Bogoroditsk ka qaybgalay tartanka All-Ruush "7 mucjiso of Russia", kaas oo la sameeyay 2007-2008. Oo semi-finalka!

Safrida on gobolka Tula, hubi in ay isku dayaan in ay soo booqdaan Tirada ku Bobrinsky Museum, kuwaas oo dhismaha waa jawharad dhab ah naqshadda, mar walba jeclaa by dalxiisayaal ah oo aan ka filan si ay u arkaan weynaanteedana sida ee gobolka.