Smirnova Aleksandra, Gabadhii sharaf: Biography, asal ahaan

Bilowgii quruxda nolosha, ka adkaan dadka caanka ah oo dhan muuqaalka ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale af badan yahay sida jirridda of maanka, oo aan lahayn calaamadaha dhimashada qadhaadh of a dimming miyir in neefo dementia. Smirnova Aleksandra ahaa ku xiran qallalku of lumens Walbahaar intuu dhallinyar yahay, waa la bedelay, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo ay ahayd oo waa duufso iyo waari.

carruurnimada

Aleksandra Smirnova, Osipovna patronymic, waxa uu ku dhashay Odessa ee 1809, oo ahaa ina Osip Ivanovich Rosset, France ka qoys sharaf leh ka soo jeedo. In xididdada dhiigga hooyada Jarmal iyo Joorijiyaan waxaa lagu daray. Alexander ilmaha ugu weynaa ayaa ahaa, ka dib yimid Iftiin afar walaalo ah. qoyska jiray on mushaarka aabaha, taliyaha ah ee dekedda leh ee Odessa. Laakiin markii gabadhii shan jir buu ahaa, wuxuu inta lagu jiro faafa belaayo ku dhintay. Hooyo guursaday mar labaad, siiyey Foster ayeeyo. Childhood Alexandra Rosset tegey on estate ee Ukraine. Waxay ahaayeen sano light in wasakheeyey iyada nolosha dadka waaweyn Xusuus cajiib ah iyo hab dambe la N. V. Gogolem ee jacaylka ay caadi u Ukraine. Haa, oo iyada qudheedana dareemay ka dib Yukreeniyaan ah. Marka carruurta ku koray, wiilasha la diray in wax la baro ee Corps of Pages, iyo Sasha - Machadka Catherine ee St. Petersburg.

gabadh sharaf

In 1826, caan ah Yarad Smirnova Aleksandra (markaas Rosset) dhamaadka machadka ayaa ku lifaaqan gabadh sharaf maxkamadda ee ugu horeysay Empress-hooyo, ka dibna, in 1828 - Alexandra Feodorovna, August xaaskiisa of Emperor Nicholas I.

The dhismaha Palace waa in la barbardhigo fiiqan leh nolosha ah hablihii sharaf. Oo iyagu waxay degganaayeen sofiitada of Palace Winter ah, taas oo keentay in 80 tallaabooyinka. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waa qol qaybiyey xijaab cawlan alwaax laba qaybood. Qolka u adeegi jireen iyo qol jiif ah, iyo qolka fadhiga. Hablihii ku noolaa qol yar, laakiin u dhow. Maalinta waajib gabadh sharaf ayaa waxaa uu gashan jirin sida uu yahay mowqifka iyo sugayay iyada nuugista doonista call. Looga baahan yahay in had iyo jeer diyaar u noqon. Guud ahaan, waxa uu ahaa addoommadii ah oo sar sare, taas oo aan had iyo mushaharka si joogto ah la bixiyaa. In maalmood xorta ah ee ka dhawrsada, gabadh kasta isku dayeen in ay ka Winter baxsadaan, si aad naftaada u ogaato in jawi saaxiibtinimo iyo qoyska.

Halkan oo aan ku noolaa ee madaxtooyada Smirnova Aleksandra, gabadh sharaf of Empress dhallinyarada. Laakiin iyada maanka lagu qiyaasay taliye caleemo saaray of Russia, kuwaasoo la iyadu ma ka waaban inaad isgaadhsiin.

gabar aan caadi ahayn

Quruxdiisa, maanka ku dhiirran, awood u leeyahay inuu ku dhaqmo fikirrada nimco fudud saaxir ah ayaa soo jiitay taageerayaal badan Smirnova Aleksandra. Photo iyada, dabcan ma, iyo farshaxanka, kaas oo u muujinayaa Wehbe ee dumarka u muujiyaan iyada oo dhallinyaro ah, ku garaacday rigoore quruxdiisa.

Her qolka freylinskaya suubban dabaqa afraad ayaa salon ah suugaanta. Waxay sidoo kale si wanaagsan usoo dhoweeyeen in salon caanka E. A. Karamzinoy iyo saaxiibada iyada stepdaughter, Sophia Nikolaevna. Qiyaastii waxaa swirled oo dhan caanka ah 20-30s: A. S. Pushkin, V. F. Odoevsky, PA Vyazemsky, VA Zhukovsky, M. Yu Lermontov.. "Chernook Rossetti" qoray album A. ku S. Pushkin, kuwaad kula waxay ahayd ciyaar saaxiibtinimo oo ay u falanqeeyaan laga yaabaa inuu shaqo cusub. "Indhaha Koonfurta" woqooyi oo ka mid ah Virgin, damqasho iyo dareen, waxaa kaabayaasha dhaqaale Vyazemsky PA ah. Kafikiriddiisu ku dhiirato, isagu waa inuu iyo Donna Sol, iyo Donna Pepper loogu magac daray.

"Samada Ibliisku Little" yeedhay Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky. Waa erayadii Vasiliya Tumanskogo (diblomaasi, Secretary of State) "Waxaan indhaha buluuga ah u jeclaaday, oo hadda waan jeclahay madow ..." Rosset, song qoran xamaasad leh, sameeyaa ilaa maantadan la joogo. Pushkin waxaa la Qabo in Natalie Goncharova, inta badan qoysaska marti Alexandrine, oo ahaa saddex sano oo kaliya ka wayn Natalya Nikolaevna. Wuxuu hoos ugu tegey inuu la hadlo mudanayaal iyo iyaga akhriyi kari gabayo cusub. By Smirnova Emperor ee Aleksandra uu weli ku dhow. Sidaas darteed, iyada oo loo marayo iyada boqorkii siiyey Pushkin baqshadda qoraallada uu on qoraal gacmeedka ee "Eugene Onegin".

guurka

A. S. Pushkin aad ugu faraxsan markii uu bartay iyada hawlgelinta la Nikolaem Mihaylovichem Smirnovym, kii uu la kulmay in 1828. Oo wuxuu kaloo sameeyey aragti wanaagsan on Abwaan - bartay dadka Ruush, iyo waqti isku mid shisheeye ah oo la fadhiya koore ah, xataa in English.

Waxa uu ahaa nin aamusan, xoogaa masayr ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, laakiin isku mid qani ah oo leh xirfado in kor u orday buurta. Arooskii ka dhacay Palace Winter ah. Waxaa goob joog ka ahaa xubno ka mid ah qoyska boqortooyada. Alexander Osipovna guursaday lacag. Hooyadeed siiyey maalkoodii oo dhan uu caruurta ka guurka labaad. Alexander Osipovna socday si ay u caawiyaan Bidixda oo aan ka dhigan kale oo aan ahayn walaalo dakhliga rasmiga ah.

Maaddaama ay farqiga u jilayaasha iyo xisaabinta Smirnova Aleksandra ay guur aan ka dhigi kara faraxsan. Her qof ahaa mid aad u degganayn, u nugul niyad-jabka. Ninkeeda, markeeda, aan ku faani karta in ay si buuxda u fahmaan naagtan muranka. Intaa waxaa dheer, Herzen iyo Ogarev joogta ah u dhaleeceynayay uu u badnaanta maamul, iyo sidoo kale xaqiiqada ah in uu patronized saraakiisha voruyuschim. Laakiin, si kasta, sallaan uu si tartiib tartiib ah kor u dhaqaaqay. Young deganaa ee St. Petersburg. munaaraddii ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ku Nikolaya Pavlovicha Smirnova ahaa jagada guddoomiyaha St. Petersburg, iyo sidoo kale xaqiiqada ah in uu noqday Senator ah Empire Ruush ah. Laakiin halka ay yarayd, oo ay guriga booqanaya A. S. Pushkin ugu horreeyey inuu wax akhriyo taariikhda caasinimo Pugachev ah. Waxay ahayd in actor qol Mikhail Shchepkin ah, dhallinyaro ah, laakiin si fiican u yaqaan a naqdiya Vissarion Belinsky, Abwaan iyo qoraa Alexei Tolstoy.

Later guriga tegi doonaa M. Yu Lermontov, kuwaas oo ku qoray album khadka la ilaawi karin, taas oo lagu sheegi doonaa dareen in gabayaa ma muujiyaan laga yaabaa in joogitaanka Alexandra.. Her image lama illoobi gabayaa, oo isna wuu soo bandhigay in sheekada bilaabay "Lugin". Smirnova Aleksandra waxaa qabtaan hoos magaca Minsk, taas oo qiimayn iyo quruxdiisa, iyo aragtida asalka waxyaalaha.

Smirnova Aleksandra: Caruurta

Ilmuhu marka hore waxa uu ku dhashay dhintay dhamaadka 1832. daughters mataano labo sano ka dib, waxaa ku dhashay - Alexandra (1834-1837) iyo Olga (1834-1893). Waxaa jiray warar xan ah in reer binu Nicholas Emperor ah. Laakiin halkan A. S. Pushkin ay aan feejignaan. gabadhii Markaas waxay ku dhalan doona Sophia (1836-1884), Hope (1840-1899) oo la soo dhaafay mid ka mid ah - oo ahaa ina Miikaa'eel (1847-1892).

Xiriirka N. V. Gogolem

Waxay la soo bandhigay by A. S. Pushkin. Ku dhawaad mar kasta Rosset u dhigma doonaa Nikolai Vasilyevich, wuxuu iyaga kula noolaan doonaa Begichevo estate ee Kaluga dhow Moscow Spassky oo ka shaqeeya mugga labaad ee "Naftooda dhintay". Si joogta ah Aleksandra Smirnova isaga la kulmi doonaa, oo ku nool dalka dibadiisa ee Rome. Waxaa intaa dheer, in 1845 ayay vyhlopochet qoraa for gooyo hawlgabka sanadlaha ah, lacagta ka mid ah kaas oo noqon doona 1000 rubles. Gogol iyada jeclaa sida xabbad luul ah oo haweenka ka mid ah.

saaxiibtinimo diiran

Sharp-cabbin, dhamayta oo ku majaajiloodeen, Smirnova Aleksandra, in erayada Pushkin, kuwaas oo qori kartaa nuqul ka mid cadaalad ah "Kaftamay cadhadii ee madow ah" ee 1844, kaabayaasha dhaqaale Nikolaem Dmitrievichem Kiselevym, diblomaasi by xirfad iyo xirfadda ee Don Juan.

Anna Olenina, kuwaas oo ogaa Aleksandru Smirnovu, dareemeen in uu iyada gacanta u aheyd dareen kiciyo xoog leh oo qabow, aad lama filaan ah qofka kajan ah oo caynkaas ah.

da '

Nasiib darro, hiddo cajiib Rosset ahaa allifey. Da 'yar ah, waxay ahayd nugul niyad-jabka, in "Walbahaar". In 1846, taas qudheedu aad si cad u muujiyey, iyo waxa inclines in banneeyey Nicmoolayda waxa diinta. Aan lagu caddayn rumaysadka, laakiin waxqabadka dibadda ee Umaad ayay dib u degenaan qaar ka mid ah. Waa waqtigan lumiyo miisaanka, lumiya hurdo. farqiyada u dhexeeya Kuwani iftiinka iyo waqti mugdi ah oo dhan sannadaha cimrigaaguna raaco. Laakiin in Paris, carruurta u leeyihiin in ay wax shafeeca ah ee 1879 on abuuritaanka mas'uul iyada, iyo waxay aaminsan yihiin in sii daraysa ee iyada xaalad bilaabay saddex sano ka hor, ee Moscow. maandhayayaasha Modern, falanqeeyo xaalada, ka hadlo muujinta vascular dementia. Waxaan jirin marka laga reebo iyo qaraabada ay dhow, ku dhowaad dhammaan saameeyeen jirrooyinka dhimirka - gabadhiisa Olga, Sofia, oo ahaa ina Miikaa'eel. Saddex ka mid ah walaalo ah iyada oo sidoo kale soo gaaray ka xanuunada dhimirka.

In 1883kii ee Paris, ay uga badbaaday ninkeeda by 13 sano, iyo ku dhowaad dhammaan saaxiibada ugu Smirnova Aleksandra dhintay. Biography, geeri iyo nolol ahaayeen caadi ahayn sida aan caadi ahayn ahaa qof iyo naftayda, welwelin dad badan oo ay waddo.