"Diidayo 775" - an taangiga gantaal Soviet tijaabo: sifooyinka, hubka

Xitaa ka hor dagaalka ka samaynta ee dalal badan ayaa dhowr jeer isku dayay in la abuuro taangiga gantaal ah, kaas oo sida hub ugu weyn ee ay u isticmaalaan gantaalo hanuunsan. The dhow goolka this soo dhawaaday injineerada Jarmal, kuwaas oo dhamaadkii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida waxay ahaayeen ugu horeysay ee calan kor u anti-taangiga hanuuniyey gantaalo, laakiin in la dhiso wax soo saarka mass ma haysan waqti. The ATGM malee marka hore lagu rakibay hub hoose ku taangiyada Faransiis. Tan waa la sameeyey in Lt AMX-13 ee 1959-1960. Wax yar ka dib fikrad la mid ah waxaa soo gaaray by injineerada Soviet, kuwaas oo sanadkii 1964 soo bandhigay noocooda ah ee hanta ah aasaas cusub "UJEEDDO 775". Small fudutahay mashiinka dagaal la hubka gantaalaha awood loo moodayay in ay onkod a kasta oo baabuur cadowga.

Going to aasaaska dib

waa waxaan idinku leeyahay, injineerada Soviet ee qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii 20-aad, hore u lahaa waayo-aragnimo ee la dhigaayo taangiyada gantaal, waa in USSR ee hore 30-mada ay model ugu horeysay ee fasalka this of military RBT-5 technology ayaa la sameeyey dunida ee (ilaa maantadan la joogo oo aan la sii raagayaan, ayeeyo - BT-5 - waxaa laga arki karaa adigoo booqanaya museum taangiga in Kubinka). Waxaa lagu qalabeeyey laba gantaallo mortarro, oo waxay lahayd survivability hooseeyo, kala duwan oo yar oo lesions oo waxaa lagu ogaaday in natiijo la'aan, taas oo ah sababta ay horumarinta waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan la joojiyo. In ka badan 30 sano saynisyahano Soviet helay waayo-aragnimo badan ee horumarinta qalabka gaashaaman. Intaa waxaa dheer, riyadii of a hanuuniyey anti-taangiga gantaal ayaa la soo bixitaankii xaqiiqada, anti-taangi iyo waxa ay hadda si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa dalalka Yurub ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale Mareykanka. All this siiyey kor u qaada bilowgii shuqulladiisa ku saabsan horumarinta taangiga gantaal Soviet.

Work bilaabay sanadkii 1962 iyadoo ay ku saleysan cagaf Chabrovsk ee Plant in xafiiska design ka. Maareeyaha Mashruuca ayaa loo magacaabay Isakov Pavel Pavlovich, kuwaas oo wakhtigan dhaliyay abuurka ah ee fasalka aasaas cusub ee gaadiidka millatariga ah - BMP. Lahaanshaha waayo-aragnimo weyn, marka hore wuxuu soo jeediyey ma ahan oo keliya in ay qalabeeyaan technology ATGM, iyo in la abuuro taangiga cusub.

Taangiga la jawharad

injineerada KB CTZ u suurtagashay in ay sameeyaan wax aan macquul aheyn ka ah - ugu yaraan muddo-gaaban (in ka yar laba sano), waxay awoodi karaan in ay abuuraan, taangiga gantaal cusub si buuxda u dagaal-awood u ahaayeen. Tani waxaa lagu sharaxi karaa xaqiiqada ah in horumarinta waxaa fuliyay laba jiho isku mar - duwanaansho gaar ah horumariyo nidaamka gantaalada lidka diyaaradaha iyo design cusub ee taangiga. Kooxda ayaa ka mid ah injineerada hogaaminayo Isakov lahaa si ay u abuuraan waayo taangiga "UJEEDDO 775" jiifku cusub, iyo sidoo kale nidaamka khariidad. Waxaan dhihi karnaa in shuqulka oo dhan lagu soo dhameeystiray by March 1, 1964.

Horumarinta ee SAM bilaabay March 30, 1963-th. shaqada waxaa lagu sameeyey waqti isku mid ah si ay u abuuraan laba nooc - "Astra" iyo "Ruby", ugu fiican ah taas oo ahayd in loo isticmaalo hub ahaan aasaasiga ah. SAM "Ruby" oo loo aqoonsaday by go'aanka Sayniska iyo Farsamada Council of 1 March 1964 ikhtiyaarka ugu fiican.

SAM "Rubin"

Kooxda kobcinta SAM ee samaynta hawlan KBM Kolomna ku Shavyrina hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Boris. adag waxaa ka mid ah nidaam radio amarka hanuun iyo 125-mm gantaalo hanuuniyey, dheer 150 cm. Tixgeli sababta waxaa la go'aamiyay in la dhiso "ayuu Diidayo 775" hubka noocan ah.

Si aad ku dhuftay bartilmaameed u ahaa ku filan si ay iyada ku soo dejin dogob ah infrared. Released gano ee xawaaraha dagdag ah oo ka kooban 550 m / s ah iyo Kooxda la soo dhaafay vertical diyaarin 500 mm taarikada hubkiisa u qaro weyn fogaan ah 4 km. Tani, oo ay weheliyaan heerka sare ah (5-6 wareeg / min), oggol yahay SAM si fudud bartilmaameed kasta baabbi'in. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, adag this ayaa khasaare weyn - marka caqabad, xataa isku qariska sii daayay gano ah "indha la '", wuxuu ka dhumay bartilmaameedka oo ka tagay in ay isku burburin lahaayeen. Ka dibna, xaqiiqda lama oggola in ay qaataano taangiga gantaal Soviet tijaabo geli jiray.

Hub u leh ilkaha

Si aad u adkaan ujeedooyinka taangiga gantaal loo isticmaali karo in lagu gano ma aha oo kaliya "Ruby", laakiin sidoo kale "duufaanka", taas oo ahayd xoogaa taagta daran, oo ay awoodaan in ay jebiyaan oo hubkiisa 250 mm a fogaan isla. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaan loo isticmaalo, iyo gantaallo sare-qarxa mortarro "Bor" kala duwan ugu badnaan 9 km guuldarro.

Si aad u bilowdo Gantaalaha noocyada kala duwan ee DB-9 si gaar ah ee "Diidayo 775" waxaa la soo saaray by qoriga "D-126" heerkiisa of 125 mm. Waxay lahaa hab loading semi-automatic ah, stabilizer 2E16, waxaa xasilinta in laba diyaaradood, oo ay maamusho taliyaha-operator. Just rasaas ka mid ah 72 gantaal - 24 ATGM "duufaanka" nooca 48 iyo nooca Nursi "Bor".

Intaa waxaa dheer, taangiga waxaa qalabaysan SGMT qoriga taangiga 7.62-mm ah in loo isticmaali karaa si ay u weeraraan ciidamada iyo gaashaaman baabuurta iftiinka.

Tenacious oo aan la arki karin

Haddii "Diidayo 775" tegey oo wuxuu galay wax soo saarka mass, waxaa lagu magacaabi karaa taangiga baabbi'iyuhu waa la arki karin. Oo dhan nidaamka ay shirka iyo nidaam gaar ah shaqaalihii markabka ayaa mahad - darawalka iyo taliyaha.

Waxay ahaayeen in kaabsal gaar ah caag ah, oo ku yaalla munaaraddii, oo isku shaandheyn kartaa la. Oo meeshii darawalka lahaa design gaar ah, taas oo u ogolaatay in uu had iyo jeer u sugaynaa, waayo, meel kasta oo ku jiray munaaraddii. Hirgelinta xalka design awoodaan inay si weyn u yareeyo height of taangiga - hadda ilaalinta uu isticmaali kartaa xitaa meel ay hooshooda yar. mashiinka waxaa sidoo kale ku qalabaysan farsamo for entrenching iyo dahaarka caag ah, taas oo hoos u xoogga tallaabo of ionizing shucaaca on markabka haddii ay dhacdo qarax nuclear. Waxaas oo dhan si weyn u kordhiyaa survivability ee taangiga.

taangiga wadnaha

On the "shay 775" loo dhigay 5-dhululubo engine naaftada awoodda 5TDF of 700 litir ah. p., kuwaas oo markii hore loo adeegsaday T-64. Si uu ula kulmo heerarka cusub, engine ayaa la kulantay dib u eegis yar. badalina uma ayaa go'aansaday in ay isticmaalaan a dareere-qaboojiyey, la isugu gudbiyo, iyadoo labo idaacadaha 7-band. Isakov ayaa go'aansaday in ay ka tanaasulaan nidaamka ganaax torsion ee ay guushu ku hakinta hydropneumatic. xal Tani waxay ogol yahay taangiga in la beddelo oo uu ansixin si toos ah halka baabuur-wadidda. Wheels leh gudaha Esplanaden nidaamka, iyo kuwan raadkaygay la silentblocks sidoo kale amaahdo ka T-64.

Masiirka xiga

Inkastoo sare dhaqaajinta, survivability, qarsoodi iyo sare awood, la xaqiijiyay duurka tijaabooyin, ee taangiga on gacmaha aan la ansixiyay. Illaa iyo hadda ku hadhay oo kaliya tijaabada hal, kuwaas oo loo arki karaa iyadoo la booqanayo museum taangiga in Kubinka ah. Sababaha taas oo looma oggola in ay bilowga mass-soo-saarka gawaarida, a badan:

1. halaynta Low nidaamka Hanuunka.
2. markabka aragti saboolka ah ee dagaalka, taas oo sabab u ahaa dushana hoose ee gaariga.
3. qalab casri ah, waxay u baahan yihiin khayraadka ka badan inta lagu guda jiro soo saaridda.

"UJEEDDO 775" ayaa kor u qaada cusub laan ka mid ah ciidamada qalabka - taangiyada, dagaalka diyaaradaha. Later on salkeeda ahaa ee ay soo "Diidayo 780" oo waxaa la sameeyey "Diidayo 287", laakiin sidoo kale wakiilo ka qaatay oo mana aqbalo. guul filayaa kaliya IT-1, taas oo uu qaatay ugu wanaagsan ee awowayaashood, kuwaasoo aan, oo waxay noqdeen "nadiif" taangiga gantaal ah.