Sida index ka Refractive waxaa loo xisaabiyaa

Jibbaarada (Wehliyaha) Refractive gudbinayaa qaar ka mid ah tiro aan la taaban karin in lagu tilmaamay xoogga Refractive of dhexdhexaad kasta oo hufan. Loogu yeero u qaatay warqadda Latin n. Kala buuxda iyo qaraabo Wehliyaha index Refractive.

The ugu horeysay xisaabiyaa mid ka mid ah laba qaaciidooyinka:

n = α dembi / dembi β = const (meeshii dembigu ku α - Culumida Soomaaliyeed ee xagal ee dhacdooyinka, iyo β dembi - dembiga xagal refraction dogob ka mid dhexdhexaad ka booska)

ama

n = c / _υ λ (meesha c - xawaaraha iftiinka ee vacuum, _υ λ - xawaaraha iftiinka ee dhexdhexaad ah imtixaanka).

Halkan xisaabinta muujinaysaa inta jeer ee xawaaraha iftiinka badala ay qaybinta waqtiga kala guurka ka vacuum ee dhexdhexaad ah oo hufan. index Refractive Sayidka qeexay (buuxda). Si loo ogaado qof qaraabo ah, iyadoo la isticmaalayo qaaciddadan:

n = n ₂ / n _1.

Taasi waa, waqti isku mid ah ka fikiray indices buuxda Refractive oo ka mid ah qalabka of degsiimooyin kala duwan, sida hawada iyo dhalooyinka.

Guud ahaan, heerka waadaxa ah ee jirkooda kasta, haddii gas, dareere, ama adke, had iyo jeer waa ka weyn yahay 1. Guud ahaan, qiimaha u dhaxaysaa 1 ilaa 2 2. kor ku xusan, qiimaha this waxaa laga yaabaa in kaliya in xaalado gaar ah. Qiimaha dhimaya this warbaahinta qaar ka mid ah:

• galaas index Refractive (CZK) - 1,5163;
• hawada - 1.000292;
• glycerine - 1,473;
• ether - 1.358;
• ethyl khamriga - 1.363;
• carbon disulfide - 1.629;
• plexiglass - 1.49.

Qiimaha Tani waxaa laga codsadaa inay maal ugu adkaa ee dabiiciga ah ee dunida, diamond waa 2,42. Inta badan ee cilmi sayniska iyo D. sidaas on. Baahan in la ogaado index ka Refractive oo biyo ah. Goob Tani waa 1.334.

Tan iyo Milanello - tilmaame, dabcan, aan joogto ah, in warqadda n loo aaneeyey inay u index ah. Its qiimaha iyo caawimaad inaad fahamto sida loo ruxruxaa spectrum, ratio waxay khuseysaa. Marka la fiirinayo wax la mid ah, laakiin la sii kordhaya Milanello iftiinka, index ka Refractive yaraan doonaa. xaalad Tani waxaa sababa ballaarinta spectrum iftiinka marka marayay gashto, askunmay iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

magnitude ee index ka Refractive la go'aamin karaa, tusaale ahaan, sida diri walax in kale ah. Tani waa mid waxtar leh, tusaale ahaan, in yaynana kolna, ama marka waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la ogaado fiirsashada oo sonkor ah, midho ama casiir berry. tilmaame Tani waa muhiim si loo go'aamiyo tayada wax soo saarka saliidda, iyo ganacsiga dahabka ah, marka aad u baahan tahay si ay u caddeeyaan xaqiiq tahay ee dhagaxa, iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

Si loo go'aamiyo index ka Refractive la isticmaalayo qalab gaar ah oo loo yaqaan refractometer ah. Si aad u isticmaasho, in aad marka hore u baahan tahay si aad u nadiifiso maro jilicsan ka dibna codsan 2-3 dhibcood oo walax imtixaanka ku soo askunmay waxaa ka mid ahaa in design ah. Next, saxan gaar ah meel u dhow iftiinka maalinta.

Aan isticmaalka kala duwan walax la arki karo in eyepiece ka mid ah qalabka, waxaa si buuxda u rinjiyeeyay midab buluug. Haddii aad hoos u soo askunmay biyaha debeda ee caadiga ah, xadka dhaqmaan qalab saxda ah ee midabada buluug iyo caddaan noqon doonaa si adag eber dhibcood. In daraasadda of walxaha kale wayna dhaqaaqi doontaa on baaxadda sida ay taas index ka Refractive waa hanti isaga u.