Quseyo, laamaha aortic: description iyo sawiro

Quseyo - markabka weyn ee jidhka bini'aadamka in ka keenaa dhiig ventricle bidix iyo waa bilowga wareegga systemic.

quseyo aqoonsaday tiro ka mid ah waaxaha:

• weynaydba (Gasta ascendens aortae) soocay;
• Gacan ku, iyo laamo xafiiltamaan ee aortic;
• midhona (Gasta descendens aortae) waaxda, taas oo, ka bacdi, waxa loo kala qaybiyaa qaybo thoracic iyo caloosha.

xafiiltamaan Aortic oo laamaheediina

1. laamaha brachiocephalicus Truncus ka xafiiltamaan ee aortic in carjawda qarkiisa 2aad midig. In isaga ka soo hor waa brachiocephalic saxda ah Vienna, iyo dibba - dhuunta. Ka dib markii dheecaan ah ee jirridda brachiocephalic ilaa iyo in ay xaq u tagaa, siinta dhow xaq sternoclavicular wadajir ah oo laba laamood: subclavian iyo artery caadiga ah xaq u xaq halbowlaha.
2. artery Common (bidix) - mid ka mid ah laamihii xafiiltamaan ee aortic. Sida caadiga ah, laan this waa ka sii dheer tahay halbowlaha artery caadi xaq 20-25 milimitir. Jidka halbowlaha waddaa ka dambeeya scapula, sublingual iyo sternoclavicular-mastoid muruqa, ka dibna kor u geedi transverse ee araxda afka ilmo-galeenka. Ka baxsan markabka waxaa jira dareemaha vagus iyo Annagaana ugsa dhaw (gudaha) Vienna, waxaa medially jiifsan ka hunguriga, dhuunta, dalqada, dhuun, thyroid iyo qanjirka parathyroid. aagga carjawda thyroid The (qaybtii sare) mid kasta oo ka mid ah xididdada artery caadi siinayaa halbowlayaasha artery gudaha iyo dibadda in ay leeyihiin dhexroor qiyaastii siman. Place call bifurcation halbowlaha qeybinta, markan ayaa sidoo kale been glomerulus intercarotid (jirka chromaffin hurdo, bir artery) - dhismeedka jidh leh cabbir 1.5 x 2.5 mm, taas oo waxaa la siiyaa hannaanka ah chemoreceptors iyo network gaddoonka ah. In gobolka of dheecaan dibadda ee artery ayaa kordhin yar, loo yaqaan sanka artery.
3. artery External waa mid ka mid ah laba laamood terminal halbowlaha artery caadi ah. Waxaa laamo ayay kuwii ugu dambeeyey meel hurdo ee saddexagalka (qarkiisa sare ee carjawda thyroid). Markii hore, waxa ay ku taalaa dillaac fudud oo kaliya in ay halbowle u artery gudaha, ka dibna lateral in ay. Laga bilaabo artery dibadda hoos jiifsataa muruqa sternocleidomastoid, iyo meesha xagalka somnolence - muruqa subcutaneous at qoorta iyo fascia ee afka ilmo-galeenka (ay saxan dusha). Waxay ku taallaa medially ka digastric (caloosha dambena ay) iyo stylohyoid, artery (Iska Fududeeyaan) halbowle agagaarka qoorta of mandibula ah (dhaweynayaan galay qanjirka) waxa loo kala qaybiyaa labo ka mid ah laamaha terminal: maxillary iyo halbowlaha temporal maqaar saar. Waxaa intaa dheer, ee ay dabcan artery atria dibadda ah ku siinayaa asaasmeen dhowr laamood: group hore - hore, top iyo halbowlaha thyroid luqadood, koox dambena - dhegta dambe, occipital iyo halbowlaha clavisternomastoid iyo Ballaariyay in dhexe ee halbowlaha pharyngeal oo kor u kacaya.

The laamood quseyo thoracic

qeybta Tani, sida hore u soo sheegnay, waa qayb ka mid ah quseyo degaya ah. Waxay ku taalaa ee mediastinum ee dambe, maraa column dhabarta. The laamood quseyo thoracic waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in laba kooxood, oo parietal iyo visceral (visceral).

laamaha visceral

laamaha visceral quseyo waxaa matala kooxaha soo socda:

1. laamaha bronki (2-4 gogo '). Laga bilaabo derbiga hore ee quseyo ee gobolka of laan oo ka mid ah xididdada intercostal saddexaad. Gelida irdaha labada sambabada, network halbowlaha sameeyay intrabronchial qeybinayay bronkie, formation unugyo (Carsaka) sambabada, hunguriga, pericardium ah, iyo weelashii derbiga pulmonary (xididdada iyo halbowlayaasha). In unugyada sambabada laamaha bronki la xirrira anastomoses la laamihii halbowleyaasha pulmonary.
2. laamaha Esophageal (3-4 gogo '). Ma ku saabsan 1.5 cm dyne, iyo joojiyo at darbiyada hunguriga (uu qeybta thoracic). laamaha waxay bilaabmi ka quseyo thoracic ee gobolka of 4-8 araxda thoracic. Anastomoses sameeyay la thyroid Diaphragmatic sare, hoose iyo tan sareba, halbowlayaasha mediastinal, iyo sidoo kale halbowlaha bidix wadnaha ee wadnaha.
3. laamaha Mediastinal (mediastinal) waxay yeelan karaan noocyo kala duwan oo hoy, impermanent. Inta badan waxaa iman oo qayb ka ah laamaha pericardial. qulqulka dhiigga ee fiber fuliyay, iyo dheecaanka mediastinal noodiska derbiga (gadaal) pericardium danbe. Form anastomoses la laamaha kor ku xusan.
4. laamaha Pericardial (1-2 gogo '), dhuuban iyo gaaban. laanta Aortic ka derbiga hore, krovosnabzhaya pericardium (dhabarka) ah. Form anastomoses la halbowlayaasha mediastinal iyo esophageal.

laamaha parietal

1. halbowlaha sare Diaphragmatic ka wareegga dhiigga aortic kordhin loo sameeyaa pleura iyo qeybta lumbar quseyo. United ee anastomoses la Diaphragmatic hoose, thoracic gudaha iyo halbowlayaasha intercostal hoose.
2. halbowlayaasha Intercostal gadaal (10 lammaane) kori ka derbiga aortic iyo gadaal u raacay 3-11 boosas intercostal. Labada nin ee la soo dhaafay u waasiciyo dooxay 12 (i.e., subcostal a) iyo galaa anastomosis la laamaha halbowlaha lumbar. meel intercostal koowaad iyo labaad ayaa qeybinayay halbowlaha subclavian. Intercostal halbowlaha midig wax yar ka dheer bidix oo tag hoos pleura ee Xeebaha ilaa geesood, la ku yaal posteriorly of mediastinum dambena ka, marayay agagaarka meelaha hore oo ka mid ah meydadka vertebral. In madaxdii feeraha oo ka mid ah xididdada intercostal tago laamaha dhabbar in murqaha iyo maqaarka ee dhabarka, in ay laf-dhabarta (oo ay ku jiraan galkeeda) iyo dhabarta. From feedhii xaglaha halbowlayaasha u dhexeeya muruqyada intercostal gudaha iyo dibadda, jiifsaday ee jeexdin ah Xeebaha. halbowleyaasha bannaan ee 8-dii intercostal iyo waxa ka hooseeya jiifsan hoos ku laayeen kala, laan galay laamaha lateral in murqaha iyo maqaarka oo ka mid ah qaybo lateral of xabadka, oo ka dib markii la xirrira anastomoses la laamaha jilibka intercostal of thoracic halbowlaha ah (gudaha). 4-6 laamood halbowlaha intercostal in la siiyo naaska. halbowlayaasha Intercostal dhiigga xabadka sare siin, iyo saddex hoose - the diaphragm iyo derbiga caloosha (hore). The halbowlaha xaq intercostal saddexaad diraa xumbada in uu sambabbada midig, iyo 1-5 x halbowlayaasha intercostal kordhiyo laamaha in dhiigga sambabbada tagay siiyo. 3-6 halbowlaha intercostal th dawadda halbowlayaasha esophageal.

laamaha quseyo caloosha

qeybta Calool quseyo - sii of iyada qayb ka mid ah laabta. Waxaa ay ku bilaabataa laga bilaabo heerka of araxda thoracic 12, maraa furitaanka aortic muruqa neefsiga iyo dhamaado ee gobolka of 4 araxda lumbar. waaxda Calool ku yaalla hore ee araxda lumbar, wax yar bidix ee khadka dhexe, waa retroperitoneal. Si uu xaq been godan (ama hoose) ee Vienna, a hor - beeryarada, qeybta dadban oo ka mid ah malawadka iyo xidid mesenteric xiidmaha yar-yar.

laamaha parietal

Qoondee soo socda laamaha parietal quseyo caloosha:

1. halbowlaha Diaphragmatic hoose (midig iyo bidix) kori ka quseyo caloosha ka dib markii ay ka tago ka kadina aortic iyo phrenic raaco diaphragm ka (diyaarad hoose) oo intuu kor iyo hareeraha.
2. Halbowlayaashu Lumbar (4 gogo ') laga bilaabo quseyo 4 ee u dhow ee sare araxda lumbar dhiig sahayda dusha anterolateral ee caloosha, laf-dhabarta, iyo dhabarka hoose.
3. halbowlaha sacral Madyan ka tago ka quseyo ee gobolka ee ay horyaalka heerka gelin halbowlayaasha iliac caadi ah (5 lumbar araxda) socota qaybta miskaha ee dabanicis, dibka krovosnabzhaya, dabanicis iyo m. iliopsoas.

laamaha visceral

Qoondee soo socda laamaha visceral quseyo caloosha:

1. jirridda cøliaki billaabay ka quseyo ee gobolka of 12 thoracic ama araxda lumbar 1, muruqa neefsiga u dhaxaysa lugaha hoose. Waxaa la saadaaliyey on line dhexfurka hoos uga habka xiphoid (dusheeda). In goobta jidhka jirridda beeryarada cøliaki siinayaa saddex laamood: gastric, cagaarshowga iyo halbowlaha splenic caadi tagay. coeliacus Truncus waxa ku wareegsan laamaha plexus qoraxda oo waxay qariyeen hore ee peritoneum ku parietal.
2. Adrenal halbowlaha uumi celcelis ahaan, laamaha ka quseyo kaliya hoos ku jirridda cøliaki iyo siisa qanjirka adrenal.
3. laamaha halbowlaha mesenteric Upper off quseyo ee gobolka of araxda lumbar 1aad, dambena in beeryarada. Waxaa markaas maraa malawadka (dusha sare ee hore) iyo soo diro laamaha u malawadka iyo xammeetida, ka dib markii xididka u dhexeeya go'yaal xiidmaha yar-yar mesenteric, siinaysaa saqaf khafiif ah, waayo, perfusion iyo colon (dhinaca midig) mindhicirka.
4. halbowlayaasha Kelyaha soo jeedaan araxda ka lumbar 1aad. halbowlayaasha Kuwani waxay ku siin kor u halbowlayaasha adrenal hoose.
5. halbowlaha ugxansiduhu (xiniinyaha) kordhiyo oo kaliya hoos ku halbowlayaasha kelyaha. Gudbinta dambena in peritoneum ku parietal, gudbaan ureters ah, iyo ka dib halbowlaha iliac dibadda. In haweenka, halbowlaha ugxansiduhu iyada oo jilibka ah in hakisay ugxan, waxaa loo dirayaa dhuumaha ugxanta iyo ugxan, iyo rag - in qayb ka mid ah xudunta spermatic dhex kanaalka inguinal in xiniinyaha socday.
6. Halbowlaha laamood mesenteric liita ee saddexaad hoose ee quseyo caloosha ee gobolka of 3 araxda lumbar. halbowlaha Tani waxay siisa mindhicirka (qaybta bidix).

atherosclerosis of quseyo

Atherosclerosis of the quseyo iyo laamihiisa - cudurada ah in waxa lagu gartaa koritaanka dabar in Lumen vascular ah, taas oo markii danbe u keenaysaa in meel cidhiidhi ah Lumen iyo formation of xinjiro dhiig.

cudurada dahsoon waa dheelitir la'aanta ah ee saamiga jajabyada la egyahay, korodhka ee kolestaroolka, taas oo lagu shubo dabarro ah quseyo iyo laamaha aortic.

Waxyaabaha uga sii dara ka mid ah cabitaanka sigaarka, diabetes, hiddo, jimicsi la'aan.

daliilka atherosclerosis

Marar badan, atherosclerosis dhacdaa iyada oo aan calaamado cad, taas oo ay sabab u tahay baaxadda weyn ee quseyo (iyo sidoo kale waaxaha, laamood quseyo), horumarinta muruqa iyo macdantaa laastikada. koritaanka huurada keenaysaa in Xammuul ee wadnaha, taas oo u muuqato la mawjadahaa cadaadis, daal, wadno.

Iyada oo horumar ah habka cudurka kordhiyay in laamaha aortic xafiiltamaan geysto iyo qaybaha kheyraad, oo ay ku jiraan xididada in quudin qalbiga ku jira. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaad la kulmi calaamadaha soo socda: kog (xanuunka xabadka in la siiyo in geedku garabka ama gacanta, neefta oo ku qabata), xanuunada dheefshiidka iyo shaqada kelyaha, cadaadiska dhiigga ka bootin, jirka qabow, wareer, madax xanuun, suuxid soo noqnoqda, tabar ee hubka.