Noocyada files: alaabta, mabda 'hawlgalka, isticmaalka

Shiidi waxyaabaha biraha waxaa had iyo jeer ma samayn iyadoo la kaashanayo qalabka korontada. Inta badan, waayo, fanaaniinta shaqada sida loo isticmaalo noocyada kala duwan ee files. Waxay yihiin, marka la barbardhigo qalabka korontada, aad uga badbaado. hadhaagii shaqaale kala duwan oo badan oo ah qalab ay ku doortaan ku habboon in la machined. Iyada oo ay taasi waa ay fududahay in ay la tacaalaan, haddii aad taqaan subtleties of shaqada, dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee files iyo ujeedada.

Waa maxay file a?

Qalabkani waxa uu ka soo baxay oo ka kooban laba qaybood:

1. bar Steel. On dusha sare ee a noqtay Stencil gaar ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in xoogaa fursado ah. Noocyada ugu badan ee la jeexay of files - laydi, saddex xagal iyo hareeraheeda.
2. Alwaax ama caag riixo. Kaatunka ku tirtirayaan ah, waxaa ka hortagga ka qoslaan, waxaa la dhajinta on shank u tapered. Loogu talagalay fududaato in la isticmaalo of file a. Marka aad jebiso riixo waa fududahay in la badalo. Waayo, wax soo saarka ee qaybo isticmaalo Beech, bjørk iyo warqad cadaadisay. Oo dhererkiisu waa in ay daruuri noqon jeer iyo badh ka badan oo dabada ku of file a.

Qalab yeelan karaan tirada kala duwan. dhererka caadiga ah waa 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 iyo 14 cm Ballaca:. 12, 16, 20, 23, 25 iyo 28 mm.

Mabda 'hawlgalka

All noocyada kala duwan ee files ay leeyihiin qalab goynta. Waxaa loo adeegsaday in la abuuro tirada la doonayo iyo qaababka ee workpieces. Files waxaa qatay by shiidi sagxadaha.

qalabka

Wixii soo saaridda ee isticmaalka qalab waa mid aad u adag, tayo sare leh steel aalad:

• Gargaarka ShKh15 ama 13X. Tani steel chrome daawaha.
• U10A iyo U13A. noocyada Kuwan waxaa hagaagay undoped.

Files waxaa la by adkaansho, dheehan engegnaantiinna of 54-58 HRC. marks waxaa loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka ee files loogu talagalay isticmaalka maacuunta biraha. Waayo, qoryo iyo qalabka kale ee ka qalab bir taas oo ka jilicsanaayeen iman.

Tool hal uruursanayey ah

uruursanayey Tani (sidoo kale loo yaqaan fudud) la kulmay in file gaar ah. Ujeedada qalab noocan oo kale ah waa ka saarida lagu jiro buuxinta lakabka biraha yar yar. Files gaarka ah loo isticmaalo daweynta ee meelaha cidhiidhi ah. Waxay yihiin habboon in la afaysto qoryo miinshaarta. Waxyaabahani waxaa loogu talagalay isticmaalka la Biraha jilicsan, qoryo ah iyo baco.

Products leh cross-qaybta

Files la uruursanayey ah double, waa qalab guud-ujeedada. On dusha sare ee wax soo saarka, kuwaas oo, aan ka ahayn qaybta ugu muhiimsan, waxaa jira dheeraad ah. qaybta ugu weyn waxaa loogu talagalay in ka workpiece iyo taageero ka saar Qurub - si ay u qaawi galay chips. Files double (kaabayaal ah) qalay isticmaalaa marka la Biraha adag iyo Alloys biraha ka shaqeeya.

Files on biraha. noocyada

GOST 1465-59 - kuwani waa heerarka oo waxtara soo saarka ee file birta. Iyada oo ku xidhan xajmiga iyo tirada la jeexay dushiisa of 10 mm kala duwan ka dib markii qalab:

1. Oo garacna waa. Tools oo la qalay weyn. 10 mm ee dusha sare ee file a in uu 5-12 gogo '. The tirada noqtay, ilko waaweyn oo yar yar. Sidaa darteed, si loo soo saaro saarista particulate ka badan marka la fayl-products.
2. Personal. Ma waxyaabaha la serration celcelis ahaan. Number of ilkahooda ilaa 25 gogo '.
3. Velvet. Kuwani waa qalab la qalay ugu yar. On dusha sare ee 10 mm 80 ilkaha.

Wixii habboonaan ee doorashada noocyada qalab kale oo files leeyihiin qol u gaar ah, Oo garacna - №1, shakhsi - №2, maro jilicsan - №№3-6.

qalabka Qoondaynta qaab

Workpieces leeyihiin qaabab kala duwan. Waayo, hawlgalka hufan ee wax soo saarka noocan ah waxaa shardi u dhiganta noocyada kala duwan ee files. Waxay ku kala duwan ka mid ah qaab kale oo ka mid ah profile (cross-section). Kala ah noocyada soo socda ee files:

• guri,
• square,
• xagalka ah;
• wareegsanaa;
• semi-wareeg ah;
• gaarka ah;
• mindi-sida ama hacksaw;
• dheemman;
• file gadood.

waxa noocyada kala duwan ee qalabka yihiin si kooban kor lagu sharaxay. Waxa ay yihiin, waayo?

ballan

files Flat loo isticmaalaa in la meelaha dibadda ama gudaha convex iyo guri shaqeeyaan. square ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu rito square iyo qaab iyo boosaska la shaqeeyaan. qalab noocan oo kale ah waxaa lagu magacaabaa soo qatimay. Oo dhererkiisu waa 35-50 cm. Waa wax ku ool ah xaaladaha marka waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in meesha laga saaro lakabka biraha waa ka weyn yahay 1 mm. files Trihedral isticmaalaa marka la xaglo gudaha, grooves, godad iyo grooves shaqeeya. Round loo baahan yahay buuxinta meelaha concave. Loo isticmaalaa in la wareega iyo godad gadood shaqeeyaan.

Files loo isticmaalaa xaglo processing gaar ah u iilato iyo meelaha serrated. Noocan ah qalabka waa la waraystay, naadi cidhiidhi iyo grooves. qalabka DRACHEVO waxay leeyihiin ilkaha ugu weyn oo loogu talagalay daawaynta hore ee dusha, sida ay u ogolaanaya in ay si deg deg ah ka saar lakabka weyn waxaa ka mid ah (0.05-0.1 mm). Isla mar ahaantaana, cidiyo waxay leeyihiin sax hooseeyo. Sidaas darteed, dusha shaqada si qallafsan maareeyay. Files Personal waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhameysteen xaraynta. Sidaas awgeed waxaa laga saarista ah oo dhumucdiisuna waxay daaha of 0.02-0.06 mm ah. Velvet loo isticmaalo wajiga ugu danbeeya nadiifinayo. On dusha sare ee alaabta la saaro opilivaem lakabka thinnest (0.01-0.03 mm). Files waxay leeyihiin sax sare ee processing waa 0.01-0.005 mm.

rasp

Ka sokow file birta for biraha processing iyo meelaha kale ee loo isticmaalo rasps, taas oo ku kala duwan yihiin noqtay ay. ilkahoodu ay leeyihiin size waaweyn oo ay leeyihiin qaab reer Silanyo, kaasoo ku yaala ka danbeeya grooves gaar ah. Qaybta cross of qalab this meeleeyay saf dadab iyo in ay dhidibka. Rasps in howsha qalabka jilicsan loo isticmaalo: aluminium iyo duralumin. Dhammeeyey fasalada steel U7A, U10A. Ay engegnaantiinna aawadeed 35-40 HRC. qalabka Standard Length:. 25 ilaa 35 cm Rasps waxaa ka mid ah afar nooc: af beesho flat, fiiqan-dheggan yahay guri, wareega, semi-wareeg ah. Baaxadda qalab ah - daawo iyo wax soo saarka ee wax soo saarka iyo waxa daasadda.

cirbad

Cirbada waa file ugu yar. Loogu tala galay si ay u fuliyaan shaqo aad u sax ah. Waayo, wax soo saarka ee qalabka loo isticmaalo fasalada steel U12 iyo U12A la darantahay ingeega, a of 54-60 HRC. Iyadoo ku xiran qaab Cirbad ka cross-qeybaha kala yihiin:

• flat (af beesho iyo fiiqan-dheggan yahay);
• square,
• xagalka ah;
• Wareegtadan oo semi-wareeg ah;
• gadood,
• diamond qaabeeya,
• grooving iyo hacksaw garbaha.

Handyman daruuri leeyihiin oo dhan noocyada of files. Waa ku filan tahay in ay leeyihiin saddex ugu weyn ee - a flat, saddex xagal iyo hareeraheeda. Sidoo kale waa la jecel yahay in ay leeyihiin go'an of files irbad iyo rasps yar. Iyada oo qalabka, aad si fudud ula qabsan kartaa hawl kasta oo la xidhiidha sii darane biraha.