Noocyada dhabanada

Fikradda dunida dhabanada ka muujiyay culimada ka badan qadiimiga Greece, Shiinaha iyo Hindiya. xiisaha badan ee dhabanada ee jeer casriga ah ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in ay ka dhigan tahay marxalad ah in sayniska ee Avv fikrada sayniseed badan, darradaas kala duwan, taas oo ku xiran yihiin in ka mid ah sawir joogto ah oo isku xidhan dunida.

dhabanada The saynisyahano badan tixraac sifooyinkaa asaasiga ah ee isagoo sida wakhtiga, meesha bannaan, dhaqdhaqaaq. Noocyada dhabanada noqon kartaa: block a; joomateri, firfircoon. Dhabanada la muujiyey karaa tuso (invariant).

Dhabanada in physics lagu muujiyey ma aha oo kaliya ee foomka of (joomateri) sahlan dhabanada, laakiin sidoo kale aad u adag, waxa loogu yeero dhabanada firfircoon, i.e. kuwa aan xiriirka la leh ee Xiriirka spatio-temporal, iyo noocyada kala duwan ee isdhexgalka.

Marka laga eego dhnaca ee dheelitirka u dhexeeya qaybo ka mid ah si oo dhan iyo amarka of cudurada sida la go'aamin karaa socda symmetries: dhabanada, kaqabto; dissymmetry; antisymmetry; supersymmetry.

Kaqabto - la'aanta dhabanada. Sida xaqiiqda ah, ma jiraan dhabanada buuxda iyo kaqabto. Kuwani waxay ku Doodeen had iyo jeer yihiin in midnimo muujiyey lahjo ahaan iyo halgan joogto ah. Marxaladaha kala duwan ee horumar ah ee arrinta ka taliso dhabanada ah, kaqabto ah, laakiin waxa ay had iyo jeer waa kuwan laba arrimood ay joogaan sida khilaaf ah lahjo ahaan iyo midnimada.

Dissymmetry - Waa la'aanta ah ee xarumaha ee qaybo ka mid ah dhabanada. Sida laga soo xigtay Pasteur, dissymmetric la odhan karaa tiradaasi sida aan lagu dari karaa rogida of a image muraayad. Heerka dhabanada shayga noqon kartaa sharci darro ah oo waaweyn.

Antisymmetry - yahay mid kasoo horjeeda dhabanada. Waxaa la xidhiidha isbedelka calaamad ah: walxaha a - antiparticle, oo lagu daray - jaray, white - madow, riixo - xiisadda iyo wixii la mid ah.

In sano ee la soo dhaafay qarnigii labaatanaad waxaa la horumariyo fikradda ah supersymmetry, jeediyay xisaabyahannada Ruush Gelfand iyo Lichtmann. Waxay fikrad ahaa sida soo socota: In our degaanka, waxaa jira aragti ah ee caadiga ah, sidaas darteed, waxaa laga yaabaa in ka badan-aragti, qiyaasay in loogu yeero Lambarada Grassmann in ay yihiin arrin aan caadi ahayn. Tusaale ahaan, in our xisaabta caadiga ah siddeed by sagaal bateen isku mid noqon doonaa sida hadii aan sii badisay sagaal sideed. In xisaabta, Grassman "a" by "c" bateen noqon doonaa jaray a "ee" by "a" bateen. Tani presupposes jiritaanka formalism oo xisaab gaar ah "antiworlds" symmetric.

Noocyada dhabanada yaabaa in loo tixgeliyo waxa loogu yeero hawlgallada dhabanada. Qoondee hawlgallada sida diyaarad laga fekerayo ah; wareeg ah oo ku saabsan dhidibka ah; muuqata ee xarunta; fur markooda, iyo kuwa kale.

dhabanada laba geesood ah waxaa inta badan si cad u matalayay bayoolaji. Mid ka mid ah tusaale ahaan dhabanada tani waa astaamo u qurux badan oo qaab ahaan u adag in baal balanbaalis.

dhabanada laba geesood ah kacay oo xidhiidh la leh baahida u shaqeeyo in ay u guuraan meesha bannaan ee waafaqsan ujeeddooyin gaar ah. Waxaa ugu horayn u saameeyeen xubnaha mooshinka: lugaha caarada, crustaceans, lafdhabarka, cayayaanka, nuujiya iyo xamaarato, baalasha Fiidmeerta iyo Shimbiraha, baalal in lampreys, xayawaan badeed, shaabadihiisa, kalluunka, hoonbarrooyinka iyo nibiriyada badda.

Meydadka in la xakameeyo dhaqdhaqaaqa, habka dareemayaasha jirka Aadanaha iyo xoolaha, sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin dhabanada la mid ah. Sida iska cad, waxaa si fudud loo duwo lugaha, baal ama baalal si ay si firfircoon uga soc in meel bannaan oo aan isku dhaceen alaab kala duwan, iyadoo la sii dheelitirka jidhka, si ay u fuliyaan caga a saxda ah iyo inay sameeyaan dhaqdhqaaqyo kale.

Sidaas darteed, waxaan ka fikiray noocyo ka mid ah dhabanada.