Non-maandooriyaha iyo maandooriyaha analgesics: hab garoomada iyo codsiga

-Jebin - taas macnaheedu waa in wiiqi ama ka saar dareenka xanuunka iyadoo la sii miyir iyo noocyada kale oo xasaasi ah. xanuun Physiologically dhacdaa iyada oo sababtu tahay excitation loogu yeero nociceptors, kuwaas oo kooban on maqaarka, xub-axaleedka iyo xuubka nabarrada, iyo dhumucda xubnaha kala duwan iyo hababka. receptors Xanuun ayaa aad ugu faraxsan kiimikada jirka (makaanikada, kaamerada, korontada, iwm) iyo exogenous (acids, saldhigyada, cusbada biraha culus, phenol, iwm) iyo arrimo qoomiyadda nooca protein (histamine, serotonin, bradykinin).

Sayidka, xanuun waa hab a nafsaaniga ah ee daliilka shakhsi ahaan ah dheelitir la'aanta ah ee jirka ku jira, sidaas darteed, waa ilaaliya. Laakiin xanuun aad u xoog badan oo muddo dheer waa bahal ah, sida ay depletes jidhka, faragelin shaqo ee xubnaha muhiimka ah iyo xitaa keeni kartaa dhimasho ka lama filaan ah. Marka laga eego, analgesics group waa qiimo wax ku ool weyn, iyo taariikh ahaan waa guul weyn binu-aadmiga oo.

Iska yaree ama joojiyaan xanuunka wuxuu noqon karaa siyaabo kala duwan. The ugu waxtarka iyo xagjirka ah - waa in meesha laga saaro sababta, kaas oo, nasiib daro, markasta suurtagal ma aha, maxaa yeelay, ma waxaa jira had iyo jeer ay awoodaan in ay si deg deg ah u aqoonsado. Sidaas daraaddeed marar badan waxa ay leedahay in si ku meel gaar deaden xanuun isticmaalaya medicaments kooxaha pharmacological kala duwan. Ujeedada this mid ka mid ah u isticmaali kartaa daawooyinka, daawada suuxinta, cholinolytic, spasmolytics, anticonvulsants, astringents, hab kaasina.

dabiiciga ah ee habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha, dabeecadda asalka iyo kiimikada ee analgesics ku kala qaybsan yihiin laba kooxood: maandooriyaha iyo non-maandooriyaha.

analgesics maandooriyaha - waa ipium iyo daawooyinka in ay leeyihiin saamayn isku mid ah. Waxay waxaa lagu gartaa, dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa, saamayn ku waani on habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha. Muujiyaan saamayn xanuunka, gaar ahaan xaaladaha non-bararka (markii dhaawacyada la taaban karo, burooyinka halista). Jidka Opioids soo noqnoqda maamulka bukaanka qaba ku tiirsanaanta jirka iyo maskaxda. Daroogooyinka in kooxdan kordhay xanuun marinka dareen. dhakhaatiirta noocan oo kale ah kuu qori analgesics si wax looga qabto xanuun aad u daran ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen gubasho, dhaawac, iwm Sidoo kale, daawooyinka, kuwaas oo loo qoro bukaanka qaba neoplasms malignant unresectable. analgesics Narcotic fududeeyo gobolka fikriga ah ee bukaanka. daawooyinka waa in aan loo isticmaalin in ka badan saddex ama afar maalmood, haddii kale waxaa la qabatimo, iyo dadka ay ku noqdaan qabatimi.

analgesics Narcotic (xashiishad) waxaa ku jira in ka badan 30 jir iyo waxyaabaha kale, oo ay ka mid carbohydrates, borotiin, subaga, xab, macdanta cusbada, iwm Ipium ku jira morphine badan (oo ku saabsan 12%), narcotine (10%), kodheynka (3-5%) iyo papeverina (1%).

analgesics Narcotic: daawooyinka ugu caansan

Ka mid ah saamaynta maandooriyaha waxay ka dhigan tahay waxa ugu muhiimsan waa hydrochloride morphine, phosphate codeine, ipium soosaaray qalalan, hydrochloride ethylmorphine (dionin), Tincture of ipium fudud, promedol, omnopon et al.

analgesics Non-maandooriyaha - waa lacag in muujiyaan xanuunka, iyo antivovospalitelnoe saamayn qandhada. Si ka duwan daroogada, waxay la yareeyo ama yareyso xanuunka la xidhiidha geedi socodka bararka kala goysyada, lafaha, muruqyada iyo unugyada kale (neuralgia, muruqa iyo articular bli, rheumatic, lesions ilkaha, iwm). Tani waxay muujinaysaa in ku salaysan Habka xanuun waa saamayn anti-bararka. Intaa waxaa dheer, analgesics non-maandooriyaha ma keenaan saamayn hypnotic iyo rayn, ma jebin qufaca, iyo xarumaha neefsashada.

Of muhiimadda la taaban karo waa weyn yahay ee saamaynta qandhada ee analgesics non-maandooriyaha. Waxaa la og yahay in heerkulka jidhka kordhay cudurada ay sabab u tahay tallaabada of walxaha pyrogenic (products of hydrolysates protein, acids amino, acids nucleic, sunta microbial, iwm) on interoreceptors in gudbiyaan excitation xarunta thermoregulatory ah. xarunta thermoregulation faraxsanahay, beddelo xoogga geeddi-soo-saarka kulaylka iyo kala iibsiga kulaylka, kor u hyperthermia jirka ayaa ah difaaca muhiim ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mararka qaarkood hyperthermia gaadho heer halis u ah nolosha jidhka, iyo difaaca ee iyada qof beddelin bahal ah. Xaaladaha noocaas ah waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo antipyretics.

analgesics Non-maandooriyaha: soocidda

Ka fiirsaneysa dhismeedka kiimikada ee daawooyinka kala qaybsan yihiin kooxo dhowr ah: taagayo of salicylic acid (salicylate methyl, acetylsalicylic acid ama aspirin), pyrazolone (analgin, phenylbutazone, phenazone), para-aminophenol (acetaminophen), acids acetic indole (indomethacin), Propionic acid (naproxen, ketoprofen), acids anthranilic (Mefenamic acid iyo flufenamic) pirrolizinkarboksilovoy acid (ketorolac).

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaan la soo bixinta koox kale oo xanuun joojiyaha - analgesics non-steroidal. Habka ugu caansan ee kooxda waxa ay kala yihiin: piroxicam, diclofenac, indomethacin. Waxa ay qaab hawleed ku lug leedahay ka xanibeen ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee eulayska - cyclooxygenase. enzyme Tani waxay kor u formation of prostaglandins - dhexdhexaadiyayaal weyn ee xanuunka iyo hawomareenka. Sidoo kale, qoondaynta lacagaha kuwaas xannibi bradykinin, taas oo ku lug leh in ay dhacdo iyo qaybinta xanuun iyo barar.