Modern Western Philosophy

Modern falsafadda reer galbeedka ayaa tiro ka mid ah muuqaalada, nuxurka kuwaas oo kaliya loo fahmi karaa by barbar kasta marxaladaha kale ee dhinaca horumarinta. In falsafada classical, iyo sidoo kale loo yaqaan, Ujeeda ugu weyn ee ay had iyo fahamka ee dabiiciga ah iyo bulshada iyo diinta macquul ah. Inta badan oo ka mid ah kuwa raacsan arrimuhu classical qirtay fikradda ah in ay helaan aqoon, ay view, waa ay awoodaan in ay gaaraan runta, qof.

Aqoon yahanno haysta jihada classical, maleeyeen in fahamka ee sharciyada iyo mabaadi'da dabeecadda iyo bulshada dadka u saamaxaya baa iyaga u taliya. dhabarjab ugu horeeyay ee fikrado ah in la sameeyey ayaa sal u ah aragtida this, ayaa sababay Revolution Faransiis ee 1879. dhacdooyinka ee France, ka dibna, si cad u muujisay in bulshada, taas oo ay wali loo arko falsafad ku salaysan yahay "mabaadi'da sabab," dhab ahaantii soo baxday in gabi ahaanba aan macquul ahayn oo ka baxsan.

Terror, dagaal iyo dhibanayaasha aan waxba galabsan uu hogaaminayo yahanno badan oo si qoto dheer milicsato fursadaha dhabta ah ee sayniska iyo sabab aadanaha. dhacdooyinka Xiga ee America iyo Europe ayaa ah faylosuufiinta qasbay su'aasha doorka waxbarasho ee wada noolaanshaha bulshada. The faylosuufiinta ugu xeeldheer oo ka mid ah dabayaaqadii XIX c., Markii ay u muuqato lahaa, mabaadi'da falsafada classical ugu dambeyntii ku guulaystay, ayuu si lama filaan ah ayaa bilaabay in ay ka hadlaan irrationality taariikhda iyo relativity runta ah. Modern falsafadda reer galbeedka ayaa asal ahaan ay si hufan si ay muddada qiimaha uu colka, kaas oo ka dhacay ee xilliga taariikhda.

Calaamadaha ugu horeeya ee jab in falsafada classical loo arki karaa in wax baridda, Schopenhauer, iyo kuwa raacsan ay Nietzsche ee. In qoraalladooda si cad u ogan fikradda ah in dunida ma aha nidaam codka hal, iyo horumarka sayniska iyo sidoo kale waxay keeni kartaa in ay cawaaqib lama huraan oo aad looga cabsado. Isku dayaysa in ay abuuraan nooc ka mid ah aragtida oo dhamaystiran aan macquul ahayn iyo doqonimo ka dhanka ah asalka ah in individualization ah. Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard iyo Nietzsche waxaa laga heli karaa sifo yabban ah marxalada dambe ee horumarinta falsafadda reer galbeedka, kuwaas oo bilaabay inay xukumaan leh oo ku saabsan 20-ka sano ee qarnigii XX.

Haddii aad isku daydo in uu ogaado tilmaamaha ugu weyn ee casriga ah falsafada Western, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay soo wac anthropologism, scientism, laabanayo fikradaha-dhaadhicinta ee asalka-diimeed. Waxaa jira qaababka cusub ee fikirka iyo aragtida aasaas kala duwan oo ku saabsan sawirka dunida. Ilaa bartamihii qarnigii XX ah, oo xidhiidh la leh kacaanka sayniska iyo farsamada, dhibaatooyinka caalamiga ah ee bulshada aadanaha bilaabay in la horumariyo ka badan qiyaasta weyn. falsafada Western Modern, kexeeyey oo cabsi mustaqbalka aadanaha, tilmaamaysaa saddex arrimood oo ugu muhiimsan kuwaas oo xal deg-deg ah waa:

• Waxaa jiro inta u dhaxaysa aadanaha iyo xaaladda dabeecadda, ba'an khilaafka musiibo?
• Haddii ay sidaa tahay, haddii ay jirto, waxa la odhan karaa in khilaaf this ahbaa by horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada?
• Ugu dambayntiina, waa macquul in ay joojiyaan burburinta dadka iyo dabeecadda maanta, iyo sida loo sameeyo?

Modern falsafadda reer galbeedka, sharaxaad guud ee kaas oo ah halkii ay maqlana, waxay bixisaa xalal kala duwan si ay arimahan, laakiin weli aqoon yahanno casriga arki hab ka mid ah xaaladda hadda jirta ee horumarka dhaqan caadi ah iyo formation of tayada cusub ee aadanaha. Meelahaas cusub tayada aadanaha waxaa ka mid ah jacaylka caddaaladda, fikirka caalamiga ah iyo Xaq diidnimo in nooc kasta oo rabshad. Modern falsafada Western waxa uu isku dayayaa in la xoojiyo fikradaha uu mabaadi'da humanism, gelinayn on top of nin isaga qudhiisa, oo aan qaar ka mid ah sily.Okazalos u huraan in miyir aadanaha gebi ahaanba diirada saarayaa go'aanka hawlaha xarkaha dhab maraa waxa ugu muhiimsan - nolosha aadanaha iyo macnaheeda .