Metropolitan - Metropolitan waxaa ka mid ah ... Church Ruush

Metropolitan - waxaa loo doortay darajo sare ee kaniisadda Christian. The Xusuuso rasmi ah ugu horeysay ee horyaalka diiwaan geliyay dukumentiyada aan Council Ecumenical, lagu qabtay Nicaena in 325. Waxaa sidoo kale uu meesha ku amray in madaxda.

madaxda kaniisadda

In Boqortooyada Roomaanka, magaalada ugu weyn ee gobolka ee loo yaqaan Metropolitan. kiniisaddu, isagoo waaxda, in waa uu deganaansho ku dhacay dilal ee loo yaqaan Metropolitan.

Metropolitan - waa horyaalka ugu sareeya ee Bishop. kiniisaddu A (kormeerka, nadsmatrivayuschy) markeeda waxa uu shahaadada iyo wadaaddada sare saddexaad ka dib markii Deacon iyo odayga (aka Wadaadka, aka Fr). Sidaa darteed, Bishop waxaa inta badan loo yaqaan hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu. "Halka" - gabal in ka afka Giriigga u yimid oo u adeegta si ay u muujiyaan darajo sare wacdina. The kiniisadda diocesi ku maamulaa oo Adeeca Metropolitan ah. Haddii Sheeko way ballaadhnayd, kiniisadda ama kiniisadda ah, si ay u maareeyaan, ayaa lagu magacaabay Archbishops. The Ruush Church Orthodox this horyaalka haybadda in ay kaliya ka danbeeya Metropolitan ah.

kala duwanaanshaha dibadda

Kuwaas oo safafka wacdina sare eegto hat kala duwan - Dhuunta. Kiniisadda xirtaan madow, archbishops - Black oo iskutallaabta ka mid ah biraha qaali ah, iyo dhagaxyo lagu sameeyo, iyo Metropolitans ku xiran garbasaarrada cad oo iskutallaabta ka mid ah. Waxay ku kala duwan, iyo go'iisii. Sidaas daraaddeed, hoggaamiyayaasha kiniisadda iyo archbishops waa guduud ama guduud mugdi, Metropolitan - buluug, Wadaad xirtaa go'iisii ee cagaaran. In deymin episcopate oo dhan khamiisyo madow. Metropolitan - this horyaalka sharaf. shaqo ee horyaalka oo kale waa nooc ka mid ah abaal, insignia, siinta adeegyada uu. The Ruush Orthodox Church archbishops Sanov iyo metropolitans Waxaa sharaf kiniisadda waayo mudnaanta shakhsi kiniisadda horteeda. Waxay la siiyo iyo socdeyba.

Mid ka mid ah ugu qadiimiga ah

Waa in la ogaadaa in Metropolitan - waa horyaalka ugu da'da weyn ee kaniisadda Christian. Cilmi-Qaar ka mid ah Church ee ay aaminsan yihiin in metropolitans ee rasuullada ahaa, kuwa kale waxaa ka mid ah ee awood this qarnigii II, marka waxaa jiray lagama maarmaan ah oo dhexe ah oo amar kaniisadda. Oo sannaddii 325 iyo 341 ee Golaha wadaadada waawayn ee San la kaliya gabi ahaanba lagu rakibay. awoodaha lagu diiwaan gashan, kaas oo si weyn u kordhay mugga. Wax walba waxaa la sharciyeeyay oo nidaaminaya, waa in aan wax ka badan keeni muran kasta. Cathedral of Toledo, lagu qabtay 589, xitaa ka sii badan balaariyay sharciga iyo nawaaxigeeda - haatan wuu ciqaabi yaabaa kiniisadda hoose. Guud ahaan, cilmiga Christian waxaa la aasaasay on Golayaasha ku IV - VIII qarniyo. The sano ka dib ma keenaan wax isbedel ah oo muhiim ah.

Midkii kowaad wuxuu u

Rus la baabtiisay dhamaadka qarnigii X, markii Prince Vladimir Weyn. Xaaladaha intooda badan, waxa uu sheegayaa in sannaddii 988, laakiin qaar ka mid ah taariikhyahanadu wac iyo 991. Sidoo kale, ma jiraan wax xog sax ah oo ku saabsan Metropolitan koowaad ee Kiev. Laakiin ka qarnigii XVI ka, waxaa la qiyaasayo in ay ahayd Michael. Waxa uu sidoo kale lahaa magaca reer Suuriya, maxaa yeelay, wuxuu ahaa qowmiyadaha ama Greek, ama Suuriya.

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in Michael Metropolitan iyo suufiyadoodii, kuwaas oo soo gaaray isaga la, dahabkii-domed Biyac Michael iyo Kyiv Mezhegorsky la dhisay. tartanka Championship Metropolitan Leonty, ilaha qaar ay sheegayaan in ay ahayd ugu horeeyay Metropolitan ee taariikhda la mid ah Guddiga - 992-1008 sano. Markaas Theophylact, John I, Feopemt, Kirill waxaan Gariigba ah ayaa yimid. taariikhda guddiga ee mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah la isku haysto. Waa in la ogaadaa in dhamaan waxay ahaayeen ajaanib ah.

Ruush ugu horeysay

Oo kaliya by aqbalayaan darajo this ee 1051 iyo garoomada kiniisadda ilaa 1054, Metropolitan Hilarion (Rusin) wuxuu ahaa isku wadanka yihiin a. ku saabsan 1088 uu ku dhintay. Kaniisadda uu hogaaminayo lagu jiro waqtiga Yaroslava Mudrogo. Ammaanay sida weli ah - in Church Orthodox waa tan quduuska ah ee darajo Episcopal. Isagu waa qoraaga buugga "Word on Law iyo Grace," ayuu ku qoray 1030-1050, siday u kala horreeyaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu ku qoray, "salaadda", "ammin of Faith".

Metropolitan Hilarion sidoo kale qoray ammaanta Yaroslav falsan. faahfaahin aad u yar yar oo ku saabsan nolosha Hilarion, laakiin in "The SHEEKADII Years teesto" waxay muujinaysaa in dhismaha oo ka mid ah Lavra Kiev-Pechersk bilaabay in 1051, in uu yahay, inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Hilarion. In II Novgorod ku Chronicle uu dhigayaa in in 1054 ee Metropolitan ee Kiev noqday reer Efrayim. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in si degdeg ah uu dhintay in 1054 by Yaroslav Mudrogo Illarion ka dib markii laga saaray.

weli oo mucjiso shaqaalaha

tiradaasi aad u muhiim ah in taariikhda Kaniisadda Orthodox Ruush ahaa Metropolitan Alexy. Isagu waa laba caanka Moscow iyo Dhamaan Russia, cuqaasha iyo kiisii Sokeeye - Alexis I (Sergey Vladimirovich Simansky, Wadaad ka 1945 si ay u 1970), iyo Alexy II (Aleksey Mihaylovich Ridiger, Wadaad bilaabantay 1990 ilaa 2008).

Imaatinka qoys boyar, ina Fodora Byakonta, aasaasaha of dhowr qoysaska sharaf leh sida Pleshcheev iyo Ignatiev. Dhamaan Russia shaqaalaha mucjiso iyo weli Moscow (canonized 50 sano uu dhintay ka dib), Metropolitan Alexy intuu noolaa guul badan sidii halyay iyo diblomaasi khiyaano. Waxaa isaga la tixgeliyo ee Duchy of Lithuania iyo Horde, kaasoo uu kula soo xidhiidh, iyo nooc kale - Alexis dalada dhalinyarada Taydulu bogsiiyey ka cudur indhaha. Laga soo bilaabo 1354 loo doortay inuu booska awowe of Constantinople, Metropolitan ee Kyiv iyo All rus Elevferiy Fodorovich Byakont (adduunkii) ahaa ee arimahan ilaa dhimashadiisii 1378. Wuxuu aasaasay dhowr Macaabidda Yuhuud, oo ay ku jiraan keniisad Chudov ee Kremlin. Kremlin laftiisa marka bilaabay inuu wax dhiso ilaa dhagaxii. Ka sokow keniisad ah, waxa uu aasaasay Biyac Spaso-Andaronikos, Simonov, Vvedensky Episcopal iyo Serpukhov. Waxa uu ku qoray dhawr shuqullada diinta. The Mala'igtu quduuska ah ee shaqaalaha mucjiso 1947 ee lagu wareejiyay Bloch jannayo Cathedral ee Moscow, halkaas oo ay seexan ilaa maantadan la joogo.

Metropolitan-dalka

Laga soo bilaabo Baabtiiska ee Russia iyo qarnigii XIV ah, dalka uu ahaa Metropolitan ah mid ka mid ah, madaxa oo waxaa loo doortay in Constantinople. Dabcan, inta badan u diray inay metropolitans ma ahaayeen Ruush. Princes jecel yihiin in ay arkaan on walalahooda post this, sababtoo ah ka hor in 1589 la soo bandhigay in Russia patriarchate ah, metropolitans istaagay madaxa madaxda kiniisadda, oo wax badan ku xiran iyaga on. Madaxa ugu horeysay Ruush kiniisadda Kiev ahaa Clement (Smolyatich, inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada 1147-1156). Markaas xafiiska ahaayeen sidoo kale dad Gariig ah, iyo Bulgarians. Laakiin tan iyo boqornimadii Theodosius (1461-1464), kaas oo bilaabay muddo kiniisadda autocephaly buuxa qaranka ee madaxa ahaayeen Metropolitans inta badan Ruush, kuwaas oo tan iyo wakhtigaas noqday kuwa loo yaqaan "Moscow iyo Dhamaan Russia."

A hoggaamiyaha kaniisadda caan ah iyo waliba qoraa u tegey a dhaxalka suugaaneed weyn, Theodosius (Byvaltsev) waxay caan ku tahay isagoo u Moscow Metropolitan ugu horeysay loo magacaabay amiir Ruush oo aan ahayn Wadaad of Constantinople. Tani waa darajadana ku xiga kaniisad of Ruush Orthodox Church - Metropolitan ee Moscow, ka hor ansixinta patriarchate tan iyo boqornimadii Theodosius weli soo xirtay Philip aniga iyo Gerontius, Zosima iyo Simon. Oo haddana waxaa la gudoonsiiyey Barlaam iyo Daniel, Joseph iyo Macarius, Athanasius iyo Philip II, Kirill, Antony iyo Diyonusiyos ki. Moscow Metropolitan Job hore u ahaa iyo wadaadkii ugu horreeyay.