Marka ururinta Humle? Sidee si ay u koraan Humle

Humle yihiin dad badan oo xiriir la leh biir ah; Indeed, waa qayb ugu horeeysa ee cabniinka caansan caalamka. Sidaas daraaddeed marar badan marka koraya geedka this waa su'aal macquul ah timaado, markii si ay u ururiyaan Humle? Kanaplyou iska leh qoyska, iyo maanta waxaynu og nahay laba ee noociisa ah: Japan oo caadiga ah, ugu baahsan ay sabab u tahay baahida loo qabo in industry ee yaynana kolna.

Humle, saaxiib waxtar madaxtooyada ama weed ficiladooda?

Humle, isticmaalka kaas oo helay meeshiisii kala duwan warshadaha (caafimaad, perfumery, isku qurxiyo, farmashiye, wax soo saarka alaabta qasacadaysan, xasho), ayaa taariikh ahaan la tixgeliyey hooyo Bariga Dhexe. In Europe, geedka waxaa lagu gacangeliyey Gariig ah oo dadka Roomana way. In daryeelka qoyska aan Humle koraa duurjoogta iyo waxa loo beddelay gardarraloowna dhab ah, taas oo ah mid aad u adag in ay ka baxaan. Sidaa darteed, waxaa inta badan jiqda cufan loo arki karaa in rukummada fog ee beerta, halkaas oo ay gacanta nin waxaa si fudud ma helaan, kaas oo keena furasho ah oo joogto ah dhulal cusub warshad caasiyoobay.

Mararka qaarkood, sida ka soo horjeeda "sida ay u koraan hop" Arinta kicisaa kale - "sida in laga takhaluso waxaa ka mid ah?"

By bixinta Humle daryeel ku haboon laga yaabaa in a element madaxtooyada xilliyeed meelaha dedan, dayrarka, ulaha. Gaar ahaan eegno cajiib ah waxaa ku deldesheen oo loo yaqaano cagaaran, kuwaas oo la xidhiidha silsiladaha madaxtooyada asalka ah. Marka ururinta yaqaano hop?

Dibadda qoreysa dhirta

Humle caadiga ah waa inay awoodaan inay ku koraan hal meel ah muddo 20 sano ah oo lagu gartaa meandering stem lianopodobnym iyo nidaamka xididka muddo dheer xoog guskiisa ciidda si qoto dheer ah 4 mitir, iyo dhexroor kala firdhay oo ku saabsan 3 mitir. rhizome ugu weyn waa baadiyaha u cararaan dhulka hoostiisa, si joogto ah la xirrira hari (aasaas u ah formation of caleemaha cusub), ayaa si gaar ah u firfircoon tani waa sannaddii afraad ee koritaanka. beerashada dhaqanka ee Humle waa la baabbi'iyey joogto ah jeermiska badan si looga fogaado badashada loo baahnayn ka ololayo. Si loo fahmo marka si ay u ururiyaan Humle, waa in ay leeyihiin waxgarasho qaar ka mid ah dhirta this iyo dhegyadii ay.

Afkoda branching hop, daboolay timaha, rinji midabka cagaaran yahay ama ka guduudan, oo dhumucdiisuna waxay gaadho ku saabsan 13 mm. Plant ka gaari karin dherer ah in ka badan 10 mitir iyo geedi socodka koritaanka dhabxanagga taageero ah oo macneheedu yahay silsilado kryuchkopodobnyh kaalinta ay weheliyaan asliga ah wajahaya kooxda caleemaha, caleemaha iyo petioles.

Ubax ee Humle goostay in inflorescences yar (waayo, 20-60 gogo ') waa kuuskuus iyo kordhaya geedo canab ah dumar. dhirta Lab ma sameeyaan buurbuur, waayo, waxa inta badan la wada baabbi'iyey. Miraha waa brown yar nuts. abuurka ayaa sidoo kale aad u yar tahay: 1,000 oo gogo 'oo miisaankeedu yahay 2 ilaa 4 grams. bood caleemo leeyihiin qaab serdtsepodobnuyu qaybta dhexe ee warshadda ay yihiin ugu weyn, sare iyo ka hoose ee baadiyaha - yar. dhinaca sare ee midabka madow cagaaran, hooseysa - waa xumbo iyo ku jira qanjidhada secreting saliidaha iyo Beeyada lagama maarmaanka ah. qayb ka mid kor ku xusan-dhulka geedka nool yahay hal sano oo dhiman xilliga dayrta goor dambe, in la barbardhigo nidaamka xidid muddada dheer.

Features of beerista

Sidee si ay u koraan iyo markii si ay u ururiyaan Humle? Beerista of Humle soo saaray meelaha dalkii dooxada ahaa. In la abuuro kulan ballaaran loogu yeero banaan Khmelniki of 20-30 hektar, qaybsan god oo shaqsi, ee u dhexeeya oo waxaa la geeyaa 3-4 track meter. set kasta oo hektar 145-150 tiir (8-9 mitir ee height), aallada Dhisnayn. Si loo ilaaliyo dabaylo qabow xoqayaa in sakhraan beeray dhow beero, suumanka kaynta iyo kaynta. Qorsheeyay at meel dhirta u furan ka hor (laba sano) cased windbreaks 2-3-xigta geedaha dhakhso u kordhaya, iyaga gelinayn on cidhifyada ka leexsan meeshii ugu fogaan ah 20 mitir.

Caga: ee guriga iyo qiyaasta warshadaha

Chmielnik Bookmark la sameeyo on dhexdhexaad ah, imaanshada iyo podzolic, caws iyo beero kaynta leh dheecaan wanaagsan; dhulka waa in aanay noqon meel u dhow dusha ciidda. Xeebeedka waxaa lagu fuliyaa gooyn ama Humle saplings koray ee xanaanada. si qoto dheer beerto, taas oo lagu talinayaa in April iyo May, waa 8-10 cm.

Marka guriga, beerto waxaa lagu sameeyaa mabda'a isku mid ah, laakiin in miisaan yar. Sidaas darteed, dhirta waa in la siiyo ciid si fiican-miiro, meesha qoraxdu, iyo taageerada on taas oo ku Socda doonaa. Sida final ah, waxaad isticmaali kartaa bowd ama derbiga guriga iyada oo leh on xarig ah murugsan. Ka dib markii la beero talinayaa waraabinta haqab tiran.

bixitaanka seedling sida caadiga ah dhacdaa 7-10 maalmood kaddib markii la beero. Markay height warshad of 50-60 cm waxaa la dhigay on gurmad stem iyo cultivators gamcihiisa friable (scale warshadaha). Inta lagu jiro xilli sii kordhaysa ee waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa 4-5 fluffing dihnayd iyo mid earthing. koritaanka nidaamka asalka u ah hop la joojiyay ka sannaddiisii labaad ee koritaanka. guga Early beerta jeexayaan tiixtiix sameeyey, jarida xididdada lateral iyo dhulka hoostiisa afkoda ee sanadkii hore, on dhirta aadka u horumarsan, iyana waxay soo jareen oo jidka oo dhan, oo awood ku filan - on labada kowaad ama labaad indhaha.

Bacarimiso iyo daryeelka

Markay height warshad of 3-4 mitir waxaa loo baahan yahay in ay bacrimiya Bacriminta ay fosfooraska-potassium at heerka of 30-45 kg halkii 1 hektar. kooniska guridda loo hagaajin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo pasynkovaniya - yaraynta laamaha lateral dheeraad fogaan ah 3 cm ka soo asliga ah ee ugu muhiimsan.

Jidka, ka dhigay barakicinta dhirta iyo caga burburay ama dhintay on meel dhacdooyin cusub. Celcelis ahaan, 1 ha (in koraya ganacsi) dhaco 14-16 kun oo duurka. Ka dib gooyaa oo bacrinta soo saaray lagu buufiyo si ay u disho haramaha.

Dhalmada iyo xubin Humle

Transplant iyo fadhiga Humle, qaybta sare ee taas ku dhinto ka hor bilawga ah ee qaboobaha, waxa suurto gal ah in ay soo saaraan guga ama dayrta goor dambe. Ujeedada this geedka ku qodo, in ay doortaan xididdada ugu caafimaad oo waxaad ku beeri jeexdin ah preformed fogaan ah 1 mitir midba midka kale ka. Marka la qorshaynayo a xididdada beerto guga waxaa lagu talinayaa in ay ku riday baakada, oo ay la socdaan qadar yar oo ah dalka iyo sida balka, iyo badbaadin qaboojiyaha.

Humle laguma faafin karo by gooyn softwood, oo waa la wada baabbi'iyey intii saddex sannadood ah da'da iyo dhirta ka weyn. Seeds of Humle waxaa loo isticmaalaa taranka ee inta badan breeders ee ujeedada afgembi noocyo cusub.

Marka ururinta Humle?

Koriinkedu ee loo yaqaano hop waxaa inta badan u di'in, goosashada waxaa la samayn karaa laga bilaabo dabayaaqadii August si ay horraantii September. Marka ururinta yaqaano hop? Si arrintan loo sameeyo si sax ah loo ogaado in ay bisil, calaamadaha taas oo ah joogitaanka budada ah huruud ah, oo la mid ah in manka, dhadhan gaar ah, cufnaanta wanaagsan, jaalle ah-cagaaran, bract brown, jajabi oo waa in ay ahaataa in tallaabo toosinta ah. Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu jiro xilliga this ee loo yaqaano ay ku jiraan inta ugu badan ee saliid lagama maarmaan, Alfa-acids, polyphenols. The beeraha hmelevodcheskih nadiifinta dhammaadaa aakhirka September; goor dambe la raadad beergooyska in hoos u dhac in ay tayada ay sabab u tahay miraha lupulin finan.

wax cayriin Features qalajiyo

Ka dib markii ururinta loo yaqaano ah si ay u qalalaan, haddii kale wax xumu si degdeg ah waa sii xumaanayso oo ma ku haboon yahay yaynana kolna. brewers Home inta badan u isticmaalaan qalajiyaha, waayo, miraha iyo likaha, ama foorno caadiga ah. wax soo saarka badan ee Humle, oo ay ku jiraan biyo oo ku saabsan 80%, isla markiiba ka dib goosashada hawo kulul-hawada, ka dibna la qalajiyey in foornooyinkaaga gaar ah. qalajiyo waa in la joojiyo markii geedku soo of kuuskuus uu noqdo debcaan. wax qallalan waa in ay leeyihiin midab huruud ah-cagaaran oo noqon jajabi shiidaa weightless sidaas u eg warqad sigaarka. In gobolka this, kuuskuus u baahan yahay inuu burburiyo, ku rid bac balaastig ah iyo meel qaboojiyaha, halkaas oo ay ku sugi doonaa markoodii. In qiyaasta warshadaha wax xumu waxa lagu kaydiyaa polyetylen ama xidhmeen jawaan hmelepriomnyh cutubyada ama hmelefabrikah halkaas oo ugu dambeyntii keenay Heerka suuqa caadiga ah.

Ka dib markii ururinta yaqaano hop, dayrta, caws engegeen dhirta waa la baabbi'iyey, dhoofinta ka dhulka ujeeddo ah gubista. Khmelniki taxadir leh loo nadiifiyaa of harta daaqsinka, samaynta organic (digada ama compost) iyo waxyaabaha potassium-fosfooraska.

Humle caadiga ah

Humle Brewer

Fasalka waa warshad sare u weyn isagoo dhadhan jilicsan. Kooniska-ifafaalaha qaab cylindrical, celcelis ahaan, ku filan cufan, iyaga on yar baadiyaha ah. Humle, isticmaalka taas oo in industry biirka iyo diyaarinta daroogada hmelesoderzhaschih balaadhan oo ku filan waa heer sare adkaysi u cudur, baraf baxay, waterlogging, abaarta. muddo Dhirta The - 115 maalmood.

Humle uuu

Marka hal dhibic sii kordhaysa 15 sano ama ka badan, adkaysi u waterlogging, abaarta iyo dhaxan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay saameyn ku ridaysa sida xuubcaaro. Waxaa lagu gartaa caraf udgoon jilicsan, loo isticmaalo in yaynana kolna iyo processing loogu talagalay helo kaabsal ku urursan.