Margarita Aliger Abwaan: Biography, hal-abuurka

Margarita Aliger, kuwaas oo Biography waa dhab xiiso taageerayaasha of iyada shaqada - Abwaan caan ah Soviet, abaal Prize Stalin ee heerka labaad ee gabayga "Zoe" feat a cabsi la'aan ah gabar Soviet Zoe Kosmodemyanskoy.

carruurnimada

hooyo A ee magaalada Odessa, Margarita Aliger, Biography Wixii aannu aragnay, waxa uu ku dhashay on October 7, 1915 qoys Yuhuudda ah saraakiisha yar yar. Hooyo ahayd mid guri joogta ah, aabbihiis - waa awood nin buuxda erudite, si ay u quudiyaan qoyskiisa, isku dayaya in ay ka dhigi qaab kasta: siinayo casharo, isna wuxuu u adeegay in noocyo kala duwan oo desktop, tarjumay. Rita kaliya oo wax badan uu ilmuhu jecel yahay ahaa. Markii ay ahayd 9 sano jir, aabbihiis way dhammaadeen.

nolosha Metropolitan

Laga soo bilaabo carruurnimada hore, gabadha ahaa mid aad u jeclaan of reading, doorbiday shuqullada Pushkin iyo Nekrasov, oo waxay sameeyeen isku day the first to qori layman gabay. Tayadiisa suugaanta, waxay bilowday in ay muujiyaan in sano dugsiga, waayo, dhammaan fasaxyada iyo munaasabadaha waaweyn. Ka dib markii toddobadii sannadood oo waxbarasho sii waxbarashadeeda dugsiga farsamada kiimikada, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay isku midka ah ee warshad oo diyaar u ah inay naftooda la xiriirinayaan chemistry. laba sano ka dib, Margarita ogaaday in udub dhexaad u nolosheeda waa gabayada iyo suugaanta. At 16 jir tagtay dugsiga iyo dhaqaaqay Moscow, halkaas oo ay ku dhigay iyada u saftay farshaxanka. Ku guuldareystay imtixaanka kulliyadda, ayay ka gooyay geeska, u baxay inuu ka shaqeeyo, marka hore sida a Institute maktabad OGIZ, oo mar dambe wargeyska warshada. In 1933, wuxuu bilaabay in la baahiyo ee "Ogonyok" magazine, isagoo dhegeyste joogta ah koorsooyinka suugaanta uu: publications hore waxaa ku jiray gabayo "Roob" iyo "Maalin kasta nolosha".

Margarita Aliger: hal-abuurka

In 1934, Margaret noqday arday ka mid ah Institute of Suugaanta magacaabay ka dib markii Maxim Gorky, halka tababarku ka dhacay ilaa 1937. Daabacaadan Active of gabayo iyo u saftay guud bilaabay in 1935: dunida arkay ururinta sida "Year of Birth", "Stones iyo cawska", "Railway". Laga soo bilaabo 1934 in 1939, Margaret safray badan, ayaa booqday Leningrad, Karelia, Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Belarus iyo Ukraine. booqashooyinka noocan oo kale ah ayaa qeyb ka dhalashada gabayo cusub, kaas oo la daabacay by Publishers kala duwan ay raalli ka. Waayo, shaqo turjumaad, hadhuudhkii waqtiga iyo kordhiyay sanado badan, waxa ay soo jiidatay asxaabta sare Lugovskoy V. iyo P. Antokolsky. tarjumadood ee suugaanta Margarita u suurta akhristaha Ruush inay bartaan shuqullada qorayaasha ka yimid dalalka kala duwan oo ay la kulmaan ka asalnimada iyo shaqsi ka mid ah mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah.

Abaalmarinta ugu horeysay

Margarita Aliger waa mid ka mid ah afar gabayaaga (Simonov, E. Dolmatovsky, M. Matusovsky), oo ka kooban warqaddii aayadda in dadka geesinimada ah ee Spain inta lagu jiro dagaalkii sokeeye ee dalkaas, kaas oo ahaa dareenka sababta oo ah Stalin iyo naxariis gabayaa u shaqeeyo. Sida inta badan saffarro uu ku losifovna 30meeyada Aliger Margarita ku noolaa xoogga sheekooyin jira oo ku saabsan Midowga Soofiyeeti sida aasaasihii cusboonaysiinta dunida, ee bulshada ka mid ah Midowga Soofiyeeti sida ugu cadaalad ah oo ugu wanaagsan, oo ku saabsan Stalin - hoggaamiyaha xigmad leh oo weyn. Abwaan biiray Komsomol ah, iyo in 1938 Margaret ahaa xubin ka mid ah Midowga Writers 'iyo xubin ka mid ah guddiga degmada ee Krasnaya Presnya ah. In 1939, Abwaan waxaa la guddoonsiiyey abaalmarinta dowladda ugu horeysay - Amar ka mid ah Badge of Honor.

Nolosha qoyska Margarity Aliger

In 1937 Margarita Aliger, kuwaas oo Biography waxa ay xidhiidh dhow la gabayada iyo suugaanta, abuuray qoyska leh laxamiistaha yar oo Konstantin Makarov-Rakitin. Marka marxaladdan hore ee wada nool maal qoyska turunturoodeen dul nolosha wax: nolol ma ku filan xataa laba deeq waxbarasho. Ka dib markii xanuun daran oo sii dheerayn ah hal sano ilmaha jir ku dhintay laba ka, ninku si iskeed ah, waayo hore oo lagu dilay maalmood ee ugu horreeya dagaalka. In xasuusta oo uu naagtiisa, kuwaas oo dhimasho Margarita waxaa aad u adag dhex socday, ayay ka go'an maansadu "Iyada oo rasaas ah ay ku jiraan qalbigayga, waxaan ku noolahay dunida" iyo "Music." Constantine u suurtagashay in ay qoraan gabayo on naagtiisa laba qof oo ah gabayo iyo xubnihii biyaano: dhalaalaysa iyo nunu. From guurka ku jirta gacanta Marguerite ku hadhay gabadhii Tatiana, oo markii dambe si uu naftiisa u xirmaan gabayada. Isagu wuxuu u dhintay kansarka dhiigga ee 1974. Aabaha gabadha labaad Masha ahaa Alexander Fadeev, mar guursaday Angelina Stepanova - Atariishada of Art Moscow Tiyaatarka, oo ay ka go'an ismiidaamin ee 1956. Gabadha ugu da'da yaraa markhaatiyaal - gabar aad u qurux badan, qoyska leh Abwaan Jarmal Hans Magnus Entsensergerom, degtay isagii la Germany. Nolosha qoyska ma shaqeeyaan, Maria degeen London, waxaa ku hawlan buugaagta qoraalka iyo articles, turjumaadaha ka Ingiriisi, kuwaas oo si fiican u yiqiin. Si lama filaan ah, oo dhan is-1991.

Margarita Aliger: gabayo dagaalka

Laga soo bilaabo 1938 in 1940 Margaritoy Aliger saddex buugaagta gabayada lagu daabacay, qorsheeyay mashaariicda cusub, laakiin waxa uu ku bedelay dagaalka, ka qaybgalka tooska ah oo degdeg ah, taas oo Marguerite dareemay iyada adag, shaqo-maalmeedka xaaladaha SOFHURA, ka kooban yahay laba caruur ah oo ku nool - la mid ah sida nolosha malaayiin dad badan oo ka mid ah haweenka Soviet, hooyooyinka askartii, agoonta iyo carmallada. Tan iyo bilowgii dagaalka Aliger Margarita losifovna shaqeeyay Leningrad hareereeyey wariye ciidamada wargeyska "Stalin ee Falcons" on tafatirayaasha shaqo si joogto ah u safraya qaybaha kala duwan ee hore. Collections ee gabayada uu ( "In xasuusta ee geesiga ah", "gabayo iyo gabayo", "Lyrics") Aliger heegan u ah kuwa, oo taagan safka hore iyo halis daqiiqad kasta u dhintaan in ay dalkooda difaacaan, ay tahay oo kaliya mahad kuwaas Quluubta geesi ah, iyada iyo malaayiin muwaadiniinta Soviet noolaan karaan, shaqada iyo waxay aaminsan yihiin mustaqbalka. In 1942 wuxuu qoray gabay ah "Zoe," taas oo ku saabsan sheegayaa feat ugu Zoe Kosmodemyanskoy. In la abuuro this shuqullada caanka ah ee Margarita wax si firfircoon ururinta, waxaan dadka ku ogaa Zoe kulmay, hooyadeed, macallimiinta, saaxiibada, Awliyadiisa amarka gabar akhriska iyada buugaagta layliga iskuulka, buugaag note, shuqullada taas oo horseeday in baahida loo qabo in wax ka qoraan geesinimo haweenka Soviet. Si goan sababtoo ah magaca sheyga ee Margarity Aliger helay magac iyo calaamad u noqday a of dacaayad waddani. Waayo, gabay amar "Zoe" Margarita Aliger saxiixay by Stalin on March 21 , 1943 abaal Stalin Prize oo ahaa darajadii labaad. 2 asbuuc ka dib, on April 3 wargaysyada la daabacay warqad ka Marguerite, taas oo Abwaan i weydiiyay in la siiyo lacagta caymiska ku helay cadadka 50 000 rubles ee baahida Army Cas iyo kor loogu qaado awooddooda ay hub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tallaabadan deeqsi ah laguma sheegin meel kasta. Guusha maansadu "Zoe" waxyoonay Margarita ay u abuuraan shaqo weyn ula theme isku. Sidaas daraaddeed play-riwaayadaha "The SHEEKADII runta" waxaa la abuuray, oo uu guul weyn ka mid ah dhageystayaasha tiyaatarka. Ka dib markii dhimasho Stalin ee, Margaret lagu dhawaaqey by dhaleecayn Abwaan "xumo".

sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa Abwaan

In 1955, Abwaan Margarita Aliger ka qaybqaatay abuurista ah "Suugaanta Moscow" - waxa loogu yeero ilaalshay dhalaalid ah, wuxuu xubin ka ahaa Ururka Qorayaasha ee RSFSR iyo USSR.

In 60-70 sano, Abwaan sii hawlaha suugaanta, shuqullada iyada si joogto ah la daabacay, Margaret booqday dalal badan oo ku qoray wareegga ah gabayo sida "Notes Japanese", "labadii kulan ee", "murugo Spain", "From qorka Faransiiska" "Italy waa naftayda", "gabayo meel fog," "in ay Chile ku noqo." Sannaddii th 70 yimid labada Muga ugu horeeyay, taas oo lagu daabacay gabayo iyo gabayo Margarity Aliger, 1984 - ururinta saddex-mugga shuqullada ah.

Margarita Aliger, Biography waa danaha dhabta ah ee jiilka hadda jira, kaasoo doonaya inuu ka taabto ee la soo dhaafay ciidamada, dhintay August 1, 1992 ee u dhow ee uu Villa shil: god dheer ku dhacday. Abwaan lagu aasay qabuuraha ku Peredelkino gabdhahooda u dhow.