Abwaan Dzhordzh Bayron: Biography iyo shuqullo

Dzhordzh Bayron, sawir iyo Biography oo aad ka heli doonaa in this article, waa u qalmeen tixgeliyo weyn Abwaan Ingiriisi. Years of naftiisa - 1788-1824. Iyadoo xilligii of nasjonalromantiske waxaa kala saari Karin xidhiidh abuurka George Byron. Ogsoonow in nasjonalromantiske kacay in 18-ka soo daahay - horraantii qarnigii 19aad ee Western Europe. Isbeddelladan tahay soo baxay iyadoo ay sabab u Revolution Faransiis iyo wax Nuurin la'aantiis, xidhiidh la leh.

nasjonalromantiske Byron

Dadka isku dayeen in ay si isa soo taraysa u malaynayaa, waxay ahaayeen faraxsanayn natiijada kacaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, jawaab siyaasadda ayaa la kordhiyay. Romance iyadoo ay sabab u kala galay laba xero horjeeda. Qaar ka mid ah ku baaqay in bulshada inuu ku soo laabto jidka raggu nolosha, in dhaqanka ee qarniyadii dhexe, in ay ka tanaasulaan xalka dhibaatooyinka degdegga ah. Qaar kale ku baaqay in la sii of the case of Revolution Faransiis ah. Waxay doonayeen inay sameeyaan hadafyada xorriyadda, sinnaan iyo bahda. Dzhordzh Bayron waxaa iyaga ku darmatay. Fuliyay by siyaasadda gumeysiga dawladda Ingiriiska, ayuu canaanteen. Byron ka dhanka ah ansaxinta oo ka mid ah sharciyada anti-dadka iyo dulmi hadlay. ayuu Tani waxay sababtay qanacsanayn weyn dowladda.

Life dibedda

In 1816, Abwaan bilaabay ka dhanka ah ololaha colaadeed. Oo wuxuu lahaa inuu si joogto ah ka tago dalkiisa England. masaafuriyey waddan shisheeye si firfircoon uga qayb qaataan halgankaa oo ka mid ah mucaaradka Carbonari Giriigga iyo Talyaaniga ee xornimada. Waxaa la og yahay in A. Pushkin tixgeliyo hanad ka mid ah gabayaa-mucaaradka. England ayaa ku riyaaqay caan weyn oo ka mid ah Decembrists ah. Belinsky, an naqdiya Ruush fiican, sidoo kale uu ku dhacay dareenka. About Byron uu la hadlay sida gabayaa, kuwaas oo kaalin weyn oo suugaanta adduunka. Ha aad rabto in aad si aad u hesho in la ogaado isaga ka wanaagsan? Waxaanu kuu soo jeedinaynaa inaad akhrido Biography faahfaahsan of Byron.

asal Byron

Wuxuu ku dhashay London on January 22, 1788 Its asalka ahaa ka labada aabbihiis iyo hooyadiis dhinaca sare. Oo Dzhon Bayron, iyo Ketrin Gordon ka aristocracy ugu sareeya yimid. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Abwaan maray carruurnimada in saboolnimada ba'an.

Xaqiiqada ah in Dzhon Bayron, sarkaalka ilaalada (sawirka), horseeday nolol aad u helayaan. Aabaha Abwaan bixiyey waqti gaaban labada dal weyn oo isagii u tageen ka horeysay iyo xaaskiisa labaad, wiilka hooyadiis. guurka ugu horeysay John ayaa ahayd gabadhii Augustus. Waxay ahayd mid soo bixiyey by ayeeyday, oo kaliya in 1804 bilaabay iyada la saaxiibin tahiin.

yaraantaadii

Waalidiinta ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib dhalashada George kala firdhiyey. Aabaha u tageen inay France oo halkaasuu ku dhintay. In magaalada Scottish ah Aberdeen dhacay carruurnimada hore Abwaan mustaqbalka. Halkanna wuxuu bartay dugsiga naxwaha. Dhamaadka erayga fasalka saddexaad waxay yimaadeen ka England in-adeerkiis weyn George dhintay. Sidaas Byron dhaxlay horyaalka Rabbiga dhaqaaqay iyo Newstead Abbey - iibiyo, oo ku yaalla Degmada Nottingham.

Oo qalcaddii oo xaafadda ku jiray burbur. Funds for ay dib u soo celinta kuma filna. Sidaa darteed, hooyadii George Byron go'aansaday inuu iska jeexjeexay Newstead Abbey. Waxay nafteeda, oo ay la socdaan wiilkeeda degay Southwell dhow.

Taasi baynamutaan carruurnimada iyo dhallinyaranimaduba uu Byron?

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka Byron ma baynamutaan kaliya la'aan ah lacag. Xaqiiqada ah in George hooyadii ka dhashay curyaan ahaa. Dhakhaatiirta abuurtay qalabka kala duwan si ay ula qabsadaan taag ah, balse ma aysan gudbin. Waxaa la og yahay in Byron hooyadiis ahayd qof aan degganayn. Waxay ku caayay ayaa wiilkii uu ku kulaylka muran in curyaan ah ayaa sababay silica qoto dheer ninkii dhallinyarada.

Waxbarashada Harrow

George ee 1801, wuxuu galay dugsiga hoyga ah ee Harrow. Waxaa loogu talagalay carruurta ee sharaf leh dhalashada. Halkan waxaan ku darbay diblomaasiyiinta mustaqbalka iyo siyaasiyiinta. Robert Peel, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday Wasiirka Arrimaha Gudaha iyo Wasiirka ka dib Ra'iisul England, bartay fasalka isla sida Abwaan weyn George Gordon Byron. Biography of our geesi aado ku saabsan dhacdooyinka ee uu noloshiisa shakhsiga ah.

jacaylkaagii hore

At da'da 15, sanadkii 1803, Byron dhacay jacayl la Mary Chavort. Tani waxay dhacday intii lagu jiray fasaxa. Waxay ahayd ka weyn yahay George 2 sano. Si wada jir ah, ay wakhti badan ku qaataa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saaxiibtinimo this lama si loo soo afjaro in guurka. Love of Mary sanado Naf jacayl Abwaan Dzhordzh Gordon Byron cadaabi. Biography kooban oo ku saabsan wado in la qeexo sano ee uu ardayga, George.

studentship

Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ee 1805 uu noqday arday ka ah Jaamacadda Cambridge. muddada tababarka waxa uu ahaa waqti ka mid ah Fasaad, raaxo iyo madadaalo. Intaa waxaa dheer, George ahayd jeclaan of sports. Waxa uu ku hawlan feerka, dabaasha, dayrka, fardaha faras. Waxa uu u baxay si uu u noqdo mid ka mid ah dabaasha ugu fiican England Dzhordzh Bayron. xaqiiqooyinka Interesting isaga ku saabsan, miyaanay ahayn? Isla mar ahaantaana, waxa uu ahaa xiisaynayso reading. Si dhakhso ah, dad badan oo bilaabay inaan dareemo in Byron xasuusta caadi aheyn. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in uu korka text ee bogagga oo dhan.

Uruurinta ugu horeeya ee gabayo

Nin Young daabacay ururinta ugu horreeya ee gabayada, halka weli arday, ee 1806. Wuxuu ku baaqay in uu buugga "Die Dakatu." Sannad ka dib waxaa jiray ururinta labaad ee "gabayo dhowr jeer" iyo saddexaad - ". Saacadaha firaaqada ah"

"Bards British," Dzhordzh Bayron

Biography kooban iyo barayaa akhristayaasha in dhibtii lala kulmay si safarka uu nolosha oo dhan. Gaar ahaan, weriyey "Edinburgh Review" ee 1808 muuqday dib u eegis qarsoodi ah. Waxaa naxariis darro ah lagu jees jeesay shuqullada aan la garanayn of Byron. Waxa uu ku qoray in uusan ku hadlin luqadda suugaanta iyo isaga lagula talinayaa in ay baraan gabayga, ma si ay u daabacaan Aayado sirgaxan. Dzhordzh Bayron in jawaab, soo saaray ee 1809 gabay "The bards British." wax soo saarka waxay ahayd guul weyn. Gabayga hor joogsaday afar koob.

The safar labo sanno ah oo uu sameeyey Dzhordzh Bayron

Biography kooban oo uu calaamadeeyay safar laba sano, taas oo Byron baxay inuu dhamaadka 1809 wuu dhammeeyey waqti maansadu loo yaqaan "In Waddooyinka Horace", oo abuuray qoraal safarka gabay. Safarka aad bay u saamayn horumarinta hal-abuurka iyo hadiyadda gabay of Byron. Isaga oo safar bilaabay Portugal, ka dib markii taas George booqday jasiiradda Malta, Spain, Albania, Greece, Constantinople. In xagaagii 1811 Byron in ay England ku soo laabtay. Halkan uu ogaaday in hooyadii ay ahayd mid si xun u xanuunsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, George waxa uu awoodi waayay in la helo iyadoo nool.

"Sheekaystaa Harold ee Xajka"

George fariistay Newstead oo u tegey in ay ka shaqeeyaan uu gabay cusub, kaas oo uu ugu yeeray "sheekaystaa Harold ee Xajka." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka shaqada la dhameeyey, Tifaftiraha Murray horey looga baahan yahay in laga saaro ka stanzas ee gabayga, oo ah nooca siyaasadeed. Dzhordzh Bayron, kuwaas oo Biography ka marag furaa in uu jacayl xorriyadda, ayaa diiday in ay ogalanaya shaqada.

image ee sheekaystaa Harold Byron iskuna muuqaalada geesiga cusub, waa kan colaadda farqiyo la anshaxa iyo bulshada. tacaluqa ee sidan xaqiijisay guusha maansadu. Waxaa lagu turjumay ku dhowaad dhammaan luqadaha dunida. Soon magaca sheekaystaa Harold uu noqday erayga reerka ah. Waxaa loola jeedaa in niyad nin oo dhan, kuwaas oo ka gees ah u caddeeyey xaqiiqada ah, colaadeed isaga.

Activity ee Golaha sayidyada

Waxa uu go'aansaday in uu difaaco mowqifkeeda, ma aha oo kaliya in aayadda. Dzhordzh Bayron ugu dhakhsaha badan qaatay kursi ee Golaha sayidyada, oo si Abwaan dhaxlay dhacay. In England waqti in ay ahayd Movement ludditskoe aad loo jecel yahay, waa in horjeedo looxiisa ah mashiinada texeen muuqday. Xaqiiqada ah in qalabaynta shuqulka kuwa badan oo iyaga ka mid hadhay oo aan shaqo. Iyo kuwa maamula si aad u hesho si xoog leh hoos mushaharka. Dadka arkay xididka xumaatooyinka ee gooynayaa alaabtiisa oo bilaabay inuu iyaga baabbi'iyo.

Dawladda ayaa go'aansatay in ay gudbaan sharci, sida laga soo xigtay oo kuwa ku baabbi'iyo mashiinada waxay ahaayeen in la xukumay dil. Byron khudbad ee Baarlamaanka si ay uga mudaaharaadaan biilka ka baxsan sida. George sheegay in dawladda loogu talagalay si ay u ilaaliyaan danaha muwaadiniinta, iyo monopolists oo aan fara yarayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkasta oo dibad uu, sharciga waxaa loo soo qaatay bishii February 1812

Waxaa markaas bilaabay cabsi ka dhanka ah looxiisa, oo wuxuu bilaabay inuu xukumi in la dilaa, oo la masaafuriyey masaafurintii, xirid. Byron ayaa nagaanin meel fog bay ka dhacdooyinkan, oo la daabacay uu ODE cadhooday, oo qaawan qorayaal sharciga. Ayaan qoray in Dzhordzh Bayron ayaa sannadahan? taxane ah gabayo jacaylka ka qalin yimid. si kooban noogu sheeg iyaga oo ku saabsan.

"Gabay Bari"

Dzhordzh Bayron ee 1813 wuxuu abuuray taxane ah gabayo jacaylka. In 1813, waxaa jiray "Giaour" iyo "aroosadda ee Abydos," in 1814 - "Lara" iyo "Le Corsaire", in 1816 - "The Go'doonsan Korintos." In suugaanta ee waxaa loo yaqaannaa "gabay East."

guurka A guuldareystay

Abwaan Ingiriisi Dzhordzh Bayron in January 1815 uu guursaday Annabella Milbenk. Gabar ka ah laandheere yimid qoyska raggu. Xaaska Byron soo horjeeda hawlaha guud uu, si cad lid ku ah heerka dowladda. qoyska oo sabab u ah muran ka kacay.

Lamaanahan ayaa bishii December 1815 wuxuu lahaa gabadh oo loo magacaabay Adoy Avgustoy. Oo January 1816 wuxuuna naagtiisii uga tegey Byron oo aan sharaxaad. Waalidkeedii waa isla markiiba bilaabay dacwad furiinka. Byron waqtigan abuuray shuqullada qaar ka mid ah ka go'an in ay Napoleon, kaas oo muujiyay aragtida ah in, wadaan dagaalka kadhanka ah Bonaparte, England dadka uu keenay wax badan oo murug.

Byron ka tagay England

Divorce iyo aragtiyada siyaasadeed "qalad" keentay in in Abwaan bilaabay jirrabayeen. Wargeysyada ayaa badbadiyay in fadeexad noocan ah ilaa xad in Byron oo kaliya aanay aadi karin jidka maraba. Waxa uu ka tagay guriga April 26, 1816 oo aan marnaba in ay England ku soo laabtay. Gabay la soo dhaafay ku qoran dalalkoodii hooyo, waxay ahaayeen "Stanzas in Augusta", ka go'an in ay ku bar-walaashiis of Byron, taas oo ahayd taageero u ah oo dhan waqtigan oo ay taageerayaan in ruuxa hal abuur George.

muddo Swiss

First, Byron doonayay in ay ku nool yihiin France, ka dibna Italy. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maamulka Faransiiska u diidnay in magaalooyinka la degganaado, jidaynayey eryi kaliya iyada oo loo marayo dalka. Sidaa darteed, George baxay inuu Switzerland. Waxa uu saldhigan Lake Geneva, Diodati ee Villa. In Switzerland, oo uu kula kulmay iyo saaxiibbo bay noqdeen Shelley. muddo deggan dalka - ka May si October 1816 Wakhtigan la abuuray gabay "mugdiga" ah, "Dream", "maxbuus ku ah Chillon". Waxaa intaa dheer, Byron bilaabay inuu qoro gabay kale "Manfred" iyo abuuray canto saddexaad ee "sheekaystaa Harold." Ka dib markii in, wuxuu u tegey Venice.

Aqoon Guiccioli, ka qayb dhaqdhaqaaqa Carbonari ah

Halkan noqday ogyahay Guiccioli Countess taas oo Byron dhacay jacayl. Oo naagtuna waxay qabtay guursaday, laakiin waxay tidhi gabayaa ee soo laabto. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Countess ugu dhakhsaha badan u tageen inay Ravenna iyada iyo ninkeeda.

Sidaa darteed, waxaan go'aansaday inuu u dhaqaaqo ka dib markii uu lover in Ravenna. Tani waxay dhacday 1819kii. Halkan si firfircoon uu ku lug leh dhaq-dhaqaaqa oo ka mid ah Carbonari, kuwaas oo in 1821 bilaabay diyaarinta kacdoonkii. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa aan weli bilaabay, sababtoo ah qaar ka mid ah ururka ahaayeen xadgudbayaasha.

Bedelka si Pisa

In 1821 Dzhordzh Gordon dhaqaaqay Pisa. Halkan uu la Guiccioli Countess ku noolaa, mar hore la furay. Shelley sidoo kale ku noolaa magaalada, laakiin in dayrta ee 1822 uu maanshaynay. Byron ka 1821 si ay u 1823 abuuray shuqullada soo socda: "Marino Faliero", "Sardanapalus", "Laba Foscari The," "Cirka iyo dhulka", "Qaabiil", "Werner". Intaa waxaa dheer, wuxuu bilaabay inuu riwaayadaha cinwaan looga dhigay "xukun jecel bedelay", taas oo ku hadhay diiqid.

Byron abuuray caanka ah "Don Giovanni" in muddada u dhaxaysa 1818 in 1823. Shaqada Tani weyn, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sidoo kale tagay diiqid. George gooyey shuqulkiisa si ay uga qaybgalaan halganka madaxbannaanida oo ka mid ah dadka Greek.

Ka qayb qaadashada halganka madaxbannaanida oo ka mid ah dadka Greek

dayrta Byron ee 1822 ayuu u dhaqaaqay Genoa, ka dibna tagay Missolongi (bishii December 1823). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in Greece, iyo sidoo kale ka mid ah Carbonari Talyaani ah, la'aanta ah ee midnimada ka mid ah mucaaradka ayaa lagu arkay. Byron qaatay wax badan oo dadaal isku dayaya in ay soo urura mucaaradka. George qaatay shaqada ururka badan, isku dayayaan in ay abuuraan ciidan hal mucaaradka. Aad u kacsan waagaas jirtay nolol gabayaa ee. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu hargab lahaa. Byron qoray maalintii uu gabay dhalashadiisa 36aad, loo yaqaan "Maanta, waxaan ahaa 36 sano jir."

Dhimashada Byron

Wuxuu ahaa mid aad u xumaaday, maxaa yeelay of cudurka of Ada, gabadheeda. Si dhakhso ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Byron warqad fariin in ay la bogsiiyey ku helay. George si ay ugu dabaal, Jaha faraskiisa oo wuxuu tegey socod. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, roob culus bilaabay, kaas oo noqday dilaa ah si gabayaa qabow. nolosha George Byron ayaa gaabin April 19, 1824.

Byron saamayn weyn ku suugaanta adduunka ee qarnigii 19aad. xataa Waxaa jiray isbedel cusub oo loo yaqaan "Byronism" taas oo ka muuqatay in shuqullada Lermontov iyo Pushkin. Sida for Western Europe, saamaynta Abwaan dareemay Genrih Geyne, Viktor Gyugo, Adam Mitskevich. Waxaa intaa dheer, gabay Byron ayaa sameeyay ku salaysan muusikada shaqeeya Roberta Shumana, Hector Berlioz iyo Petra Chaykovskogo. Ilaa maantadan la joogo, suugaanta ku jirto saamaynta sida gabayaa George Byron. Biography iyo hal-abuur ah oo ay dan u cilmi badan.