Madaxweynaha labaad ee Ukraine Leonid Kuchma: Biography, sawiro

Leonid Kuchma (ku dhashay August 9, 1938) Madaxweynaha labaad ee madax bannaan Ukraine ka 19 July 1994 ilaa 23 January 2005. Waxa uu xafiiska la wareegay ka dib markii ku guuleystay doorashada madaxtinimada ee 1994, halka uu soo horjeeda - Madaxweynaha xilka Leonid Kravchuk. Kuchma dib loo doortay, waayo dheeraad ah muddo shan sano ah Madaxweynenimada 1999.

meelaha ay ka soo jeedo iyo asalka

Halkaas oo uu ka bilaabay safar uu nolosha, Leonid Kuchma? Uu Biography ka biloowday gobolka tuulada Chaikino beeraha Chernigov ah. Aabbihiis, Daniel Prokofievich (1901-1942) adeegay sidii sapper ah in ciidamada lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, waxaa isaga loo dhaawacay oo ku geeriyooday Isbitaal ku yaal meel gobolka Novgorod, marka Leonid waxay ahayd afar sano jir. Hooyo Praskovya Trofimovna shaqeeyay nolosha oo dhan beerta.

sano oo waxbarasho

Leonid Kuchma ka dib markii xiritaanka dugsiga miyiga galay Physics-Technical Kuliyada (FTF) Dnepropetrovsk State University, qalin 1960 sano, shahaadada ee injineer farsamo. Xaqiiqada ah in FTF ahaa awood adag, nooc ka mid ah kulliyadda farsamada Jaamacadda guud. Waxa uu si gaar ah loogu talagalay tababarka injineerada in la dhiso ee gobolka Dnipropetrovsk ee 50 sano wax soo saarka weyn meel-gantaal. Sidaa darteed, inta badan ka qalin la diray in ay ka shaqeeyaan ka Machine-Building Plant Southern ama CB gantaal "South", taas oo ah 50-60-mada hogaaminayo Designer caanka General M. K. Yangel. Waxaa sidoo kale loo diray injineer dhallinyarada Leonid Kuchma.

guurka A guul sida engine ah ee mustaqbalkiisa

Waa maxay fursadaha in ay jebiyaan galay booska hoggaanka ee Bureau ah, halkaas oo ay sanadihii ugu wanaagsan in ay kor u shaqeeyaan ilaa 20 kun. Shaqaalaha, kuwaas oo inta badan waa qalin of jaamacadaha farsamo taasoo keentay in Moscow iyo Leningrad, wuxuu lahaa wiil Ukraine ka dib markii heerka dugsiga sare gobolka waxbarashada taas oo ahayd cad u hoos? Taasi waa xaq, ma. Oo weliba, Leonid Kuchma 1982, ayaa Designer xigeenka General First, taas oo markaas ahaa V. F. milaayiin dolar. Iyo ka hor in uu ahaa 7 sano jir ah qabanqaabiyaha xisbiga KB, oo waxaa jiray in ka badan 10 kun oo communists in ururka uu xisbiga, si magacaabidda Xoghayaha ururka xisbiga ee kooxda oo intaasu waxay ahayd xuquuqdeeda Guddiga Dhexe ee CPSU ah.

Sidee ayuu ku guulaysteen karaa? iftiinka ku hogaamiyay waayo, Leonid noqday guur guul gabadhii Yuzhmash ee tiknoolajiyadda markaas madax danbe u dhaqaaqay Moscow, Wasaaradda General Engineering madaxa mid ka mid ah u sameeyey looxyada dhexe. Dabcan, soddog ah oo sar sare ayaa mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed siisay dardar hore.

Career in muddada Soviet

Guud ahaan, si kastaba, laakiin muddo 15 sano ah, Leonid Kuchma, ayaa ka injineer caadiga tegey inuu tijaabiyo Tababaraha technology gantaal at Cosmodrome Baikonur ee ku darajo wayn ee Kaaliyaha Chief Designer. Waa, in fact, a aad u xiiso badan oo perpektivnaya (dareen ah ee koritaanka mustaqbalkiisa dheeraad ah) post. oo dhan diyaar waayo, isaga qudhiisu bilaabay gantaalaha ka dib markii - waa natiijada shaqada ee shirkadaha huwanta oo dhan ka Midowga Soofiyeeti badan, ka qayb-galay ka design iyo wax soo saarka nidaamka gantaal oo dhan, kuwaas oo ka mid ah marka lagu daro gantaal laftiisa ayaa sidoo kale loo gashto launch ama anigaa iska leh, waxay ka dhigan tahay gaadiidka, hababka maaraynta qalabka, telemetry, navigation iwm Horumarka warbixinta baaritaanka maalin kasta madaxa maamulka ugu sareeya ee rayidka iyo ciidankaba Moscow ee, inta badan qaadataa guddiyo badan oo sare. Waxa uu had iyo jeer waa hortiisa iyo dhagaysiga, qof walba waa og, waxaa loo gudbinayaa ka cross-wararka iyo bayaanada in hey'adaha kala duwan. Ka dib markii u shaqeeya dhowr sano goobta, takhasuska ah waxaa badanaa lagu transplanted kursi sare posts ka xoogbadan, in ay shirkad gaar ah (ama hay'ad kale).

Oo geesiga our ee 1975 u wareegay kursiga xoghayaha ugu horeysay ee xisbiga "Southern" ka dibna Yuzhmash. Guddiga xisbiga ee warshadda Kuchma baxay inuu post ee Designer xigeenka General First of KB 1982, oo markii dhamaadka 80s uu ka fariistay agaasimaha sannado badan oo "Yuzhmash" Makarov, waxaa loo doortay inuu post bannaanaatay.

Sidaas darteed, waqtiga burburkii USSR ah, uu la yimid sumcad iyadoo tababare ka tirsan, inkastoo mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed oo dhan, xisbiga iyo wax soo saarka uma abuurin oo waxba ma ay yeeshaan mid ka mid ah design kasta oo muhiim ah ama wax soo saarka ee mashruuca.

Premiership inta lagu guda jiro madaxtinimada ee Kravchuk

Goor hore sanadkii 1990 markaas oo madax ka ah xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Ukraine Vladimir Ivashko Kuchma bixiyey Premier League, laakiinse wuu diiday, xiganaya la'aanta ah ee waayo-aragnimo. Laba sano ayaa ka soo wareegtay, iyo dad badan oo, ay ka mid yihiin Kuchma ugu, waxaa caddaatay in dalka uu Madaxweyne Kravchuk kusii yaamayska. Under hanjabaad badiyay wax alla wixii ay heleen oo sabab u ah burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti, aqoonyahanada dalka Ukraine East isugu keenaa oo lagu qasbay Kravchuk, Kuchma in uu magacaabo ra'iisul wasaaraha oo leh awooda in ay soo saaraan qaynuunnadayda haysta ciidanka sharciga. Tan iyo markaas, in Ukraine ay dhowr sano ma bixinayaan cashuurta hoos Code Tax ah, iyo si waafaqsan amarkan oo ka mid ah Golaha Wasiiradda.

Leonid Kuchma - Madaxweynaha

ka post ee Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Ukraine Waxa uu is casilay bishii September 1993 si uu ugu tartamo madaxweynaha ee doorashada hore ee 1994 on boosteejo ah in ay kicin dhaqaalaha by dib u soo celinta xiriirka dhaqaale leh Russia iyo si ay u qabtaan dib u habaynta suuqa degdeg ah. Waxa uu ku guuleystay guul cad ka dhanka ah madaxweynaha xilka, Leonid Kravchuk, taageero xoog leh ka goobaha warshadaha in ay bari iyo koonfurta helay. Uu natiijooyinka ugu darnaa waxay ahaayeen in galbeed ee dalka.

Bishii Oktoobar 1994, Kuchma bilaabay dib u habaynta dhaqaalaha dhamaystiran, oo ay ku jiraan ka saarida ee gacanta ku qiimaha, canshuur dhimis, gaar ah shirkadaha warshadaha iyo beeraha, iyo sidoo kale dib u habaynta gacanta is-dhaafsiga iyo bangiyada. hryvnia Yukreeniyaan la soo bandhigay sannadkii 1996, dabcan asalka ah kaas oo dollar waxay ahayd 1.75.

Kuchma dib loo doortay sanadkii 1999 oo uu muddo labaad. Markan, kuwa meelaha in ay isaga u siiyaan taageero xoog leh oo ah markii ugu horeysay, codeeyay ninka ay xafiiltami Peter Simonenko, iyo meesha ka hor codeynta waxaa ka gees ah, on lid ku ah, isaga oo ay taageerayaan.

Intii lagu guda jiray tobankii sano ee madaxweynenimadiisa, ayuu ku dhawaad sannad bedelay premiers. The ugu caansan iyaga ka mid ah - waxa Pavel Lazarenko lagu xukumay dalka Mareykanka ah, iyo Viktor Yushchenko, kuwaas oo u yimid si uu u bedelo Kuchma 2004.

Inta lagu jiro muddada labada erey ay fulinta ee Ukraine ayaa sameeyay waa weli in meydadka maamulka gobolka iyo nidaamka dejinta ee nidaamka. Sawir Leonida Kuchmy muddo labaad madaxtooyada hoos ku qoran.

Doorka in dhibaatada doorashada ee 2004

doorka Kuchma ee dhibaatada this weli si buuxda looma fahmin. Ka dib markii wareegii labaad on 22 November 2004 u muuqatay in Yanukovych ku guuleystay doorashada by musuqmaasuq, sababta oo ah wixii ay mucaaradka iyo goobjoogayaasha madax bannaan lagu muransan yahay natiijada, taas oo keentay in ay "orange" kacaanka.

Waxaa la sheegay in Kuchma waxaa ugu baaqay Yanukovych iyo Viktor Medvedchuk (madaxa xafiiska madaxtooyada) sheego xaalad degdeg ah oo qaban caleema saarka ee Yanukovych. Kuchma aan sameeyey. Later, Yanukovych eedeeyay Kuchma fagaare ah khiyaamo qaran. Ka dib markii ay awoodda Viktora Yuschenko sabab u ah wareega ah aan dastuuri ahayn saddexaad ee doorashada soo socda, wuxuu isaga u hambalyeeyay guusha uu si rasmi ah uu xilka ugu wareejiyey bedeli dalka, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib ka tagay Ukraine. Ka dib markii taageerayaasha Yushchenko ee loo yaqaan Kuchma ee dambiyada Itobiya. Waxa uu si Ukraine ku soo laabtay bishii March sanadkii 2005 laga yaabaa in ay heli doonaan ka madaxweynaha cusub xaqiijiyey inuu difaaca jirka.

10kii sano ee la soo dhaafay wuxuu ahaa wax yar ka xaaqay ilaa nolosha siyaasadeed ee dalka, ku dhowaad ma siin wareysiyo, uusan iftiimin ma up on telefishanka. Haddii aan waayo dhacdooyinkii labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waxaan u badan tahay ma maqlay wax badan oo ku saabsan ninkan sida Kuchma Leonid Danilovich. Uu Biography kaabaya bogga kale dhalaalaya, markii 2014 loo magacaabay wakiilka shakhsi Madaxweynaha Poroshenko ee Kooxda Xiriirka on wada xaajoodka ee Minsk for dejinta dagaalka ka dhacay Donbass.

Qoyska iyo nolashiisa qaaska ah

Leonid Kuchma Xaas in Lyudmila Kuchma tan iyo 1967. , Gabadh keliya buu Helen guursaday Viktorom Pinchukom, a asal ahaan Yuhuudda Abramovich Yukreeniyaan. Elena Pinchuk leeyahay wiil Roman (dhashay 1991-ka iyada guur hore ganacsade Yukreeniyaan a Igor Franchuk) iyo laba gabdhood ee Victor Pinchuk.

Ka dib hawlgabka, Kuchma loo ogol yahay in ay sii dacha dowladda ee Koncha Zaspa dhow Kiev. Waxaa sidoo kale loo oggol yahay inay ilaashadaan mushaar Madaxweynaha buuxa iyo shaqaalaha oo dhan, oo ay la socdaan laba baabuurta dawladda. Kharashka dayactirka beerta iyo gaariga lagu siiyo ka miisaaniyadda gobolka.

Arrin kale oo keeni karo qaar ka mid ah farax agagaarka uu yahay qof. Kuwaas oo ahaa Kuchma Leonid Danilovich, kuwaas oo dhalasho hadii aan dhan Ukraine, iyo Yuhuudda. Inta badan, tani waa macno darro. Oo qaybisay dadka ay cidhiidhi ah maskax iyo aqoon yar qaba goolka kaliya - waa in si kasta oo hadhkiisa bosit xanuunsan tirokoobyada caan ah sida Kuchma Leonid Danilovich. Magaciisa runta ahi waa mid ka mid ah wixii uu noqday kuwa loo yaqaan dunida oo dhan sida madaxweynaha laba-dheer ee Yukreeniyaan ah.