Kaniisadda jir ah oo St. Nicholas in Lipno. History of dhismaha

Church of St. Nicholas in Lipno halleeyeen buurta yar ee jasiiradda picturesque ee Lake Ilmen. Waxay ku taalaa xaq ah oo afka webiga yeedhay MSTA. Place waxa uu ku yaalaa 8 km magaalada Novgorod Great ka. Kaniisadda Orthodox, dhisay dhamaadka qarnigii XIII ah, waa tiir ka mid ah naqshadda dhismaha dhagax. Its allabariga sare waxaa quduus ka dhigay oo lagu sharfayo Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo, iyo xadka - magaca St. Clement.

Church of St. Nicholas in Lipno in Novgorod

Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhda qadiimiga ah, Macbudkan weyn la dhisay 1292 (waxaa lagu amray in ay sidaa sameeyaan, Archbishop Novgorodskiy Kliment). Laga soo bilaabo tan waxaa lala sheeko aad u cajiib ah.

In 1114 quduuska Prince Mstislav amray in ay jiifay kaniisad si St. Nicholas, mahadnaq bogsiin. Sidee in la xasuusto sheekada, amiirka mar adkaaday cudur halis ah, oo isna wuxuu ahaa adag oo kaalmo u wacan magaca Wonderworker ah. Oo mid ka mid ah maalmahan amiirka lahaa aragti isaga u soo muuqatay qudhiisa , St. Nicholas Wonderworker ah, kuwaas oo wargeeyayaal uu amar ku bixiyay si ay u tagaan Kiev sababta oo ah icon, wuxuu iyagii ku tilmaamay in ay qaab iyo qiyaas.

icon ee mucjisada ah

Marka doonnida, wafdiyada tageen oo macdanta ilmenayt, laakiin sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ay u soo dhawaaday jasiiradda Lipno ah, waxay la xiray muddo afar maalmood ah, duufaan xoog leh. Ka dibna biyaha ku dul, waxay heleen icon ah on board ku wareegsan, halkaas oo Nikolay Chudotvorets waxaa lagu sawiray. Waxay arkeen in uu aragtida of Prince Mstislav, iyo in ay ka dhoofnay oo ka Kiev ee aad. wargeeyayaashii si degdeg ah iyada oo si toos ah qaatay in Veliky Novgorod si, oo amiir u ahaa oo salaadda iyada dhunkaday oo helay mucjiso bogsiiyey.

On meeshii muuqaalka kore ee icon la dhisay guri keniisad, taas oo ahayd meel caabudaad ugu weyn ee kaniisadda ugu horeeyay ee ka samaysan alwaax of St. Nicholas, ka dibna dhagax cad.

macbudka Architecture

Horseedayaashii helay in ay ka shaqeeyaan, oo diiradda ugu horrayn on mid ka mid ah kaniisadaha ee la soo dhaafay muddo pre-Mongol, kaas oo la odhan jiray "Church of Peryn dhalatay ee Chapel". Waxay noqday mabaadi'da processing Novgorod naqshadaha Smolensk. Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa chetyrehstolpny ah square, krestokupolny, odnoabsidny, kaniisadda domed, laakiin waxaa la xataa more balaariyay (10x10), kuwaas oo garbaha madaxtooyada joogo labada geesood oo Aamino oo ka mid ah saddex-wada dagan.

In Qaabkiisu guriyo la derbiyada malaasay koobnaa shamiindo iyo nuuradda ah oo midabo kala duwan, iyo tirada. xafiiltamaan Window lagu ladhay afar gees lebenkii, kaliya madow. Waxa uu ahaa hal-abuurnimo casri ah wakhtigaas (ka hor intii aan laga sameeyey qalab kale, shamiindo iyo plinths).

Waxaas oo dhan waxay ka sokow, macbudkii waxaa lagu qurxiyey niches yar oo leh, iskutallaabtiisana gargaarka iridda galbeed ee Misbaax ku galo la frescoes ah.

Salka Xamar sare ee durbaanka, kor ku xusan sunnayaasha iyo daaqadaha yar hoos dulmar saddex-daab ah la tixgelin karo arkaturnye suunka, sida laga soo xigtay cilmi, ee dhigooda ah oo waxaa la helay in naqshadda dhismaha ee Roman-Gothic Livonia.

Church of St. Nicholas in Lipno dhow Novgorod (1292)

Marka dhan macbudka shaqada dhagaaxda dhammeeyey, ayuu bilaabay inuu rinjiga frescoes, dibadda oo kaliya ma, laakiin sidoo kale gudaha.

Waxaa la og yahay in meel dhexe ee qarnigii XIX ah, artist ee G. Filimonov goob joog iyo shakhsi sketched dhan farshaxankiisa ku derbiga xagga bari, oo kaliya inta u dhaxaysa garbaha iyo apse ah, qayb semicircular saadaalineysa kiniisadda. Haddaba waxay ahayd oo sideeda ah ee foomka of image ah oo ka mid ah Hooyo iyo Badbaadiyeheenna ah, ilaaliya visors gaar ah.

Kaniisadda ayaa sidoo kale la dhisay isla markiiba xadidi Archbishop of Novgorod Clement.

In 1528, Archbishop Makarios charter cenobitic la soo bandhigay in keniisad Lipno.

raad taariikhda

Church of St. Nicholas in Lipno ahaa rinji frescoes in muddada 1293-94 GG. Iyadoo nadiifinta derbiga ee 1930, ee frescoes si fiican u sii raagayaan laga helay, mid ka mid ah oo - oo sideeda "Annunciation The", taalaa tiirarka dhinaca bari on.

Keniisad si dhib leh u saamaysay shaqo Swedish ee 1611-1617 sano.

By 1763, tirada in guri keniisad ah: kaniisadda refectory of Sergiya Radonezhskogo, iyo Quduuska ah Trinity Church, kaniisadda dhagax ee St. Nicholas, Abbot laba dabaq, jimbaar munaaraddii dawan alwaax la 5 dawanno iyo bowd alwaax ah.

Laakiin markaas yimid ma ugu fiican ee goor, ee 1764 keniisad la buriyey, oo waxaa loo xilsaaray in ay keniisad ah Skovorodsky. dhismayaasha oo dhan ku dhow ayaa kala dhantaashay on lebenkii. Inta kale oo ka mid ah dhismayaasha ka mid ah Church of St. Nicholas in Lipno qarnigii XIX ayaa ugu danbeyn yaraaday iyo in complete cidla yimid. adeegyada Ilaahnimadu ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay mid aad u dhif ah.

Ka dib markii kacaanka ee 1917, sababtoo ah masaafada macbudka magaalada oo dhan u xiran yihiin, iyo dhismaha kaniisadda ka soo si xun u dhaawacay by this. Jimbaar dawan munaaraddii la burburiyey.

World dagaal II

Inta lagu guda jiro World Labaad halkan jasiiradda, keniisad ah uu ku yaalay nuqdad ciidanka Soviet, sidaas oo kale ayaa Jarmalka, oo halkan ka taagnaa 6 km, waxaa la hoos geliyey duqeyn joogto ah aagga this. Kiniisada waxaa lagu qayb baabbi'iyeen, oo kaliya 65% ka badbaaday dhagaaxda.

Waxa la yaab leh, shaqo ku celinta on frescoes ah lagu fuliyay sanadkii 1945, iyo in 1954-56 macbudka ka dib markii dib u soo celinta weyn oo muuqashadeeduna asalka bogsatay.

Maanta, meeshii kaniisadda St. Nicholas in Lipno - aagga la ilaaliyo, iyadoo dadka ka mid ah horjoogaha dadka waayeelka ah iyo mid aad u adag, si wadajir ah ula qoyskiisa.

By habka, si ay halkaan u ma fududa. Dhibaatada waxa ay tahay in macbudka St. Nicholas waddooyin jirin, ma xirka gaadiidka caadiga ah. dalxiisayaal cajiib ah sida caadiga ah aad u hesho in ay sidoo kale doon ama Doonta ama barafka ama on foot on barafka ee xilliga qaboobaha, marka webiga iyo baddii la xayiray.