Intee in le'eg bay ku kici dollar ee USSR ah? Sida loo beddelo dollar ah inta lagu jiro mudada Soviet?

Intee in le'eg bay ku kici dollar ee USSR ah? Si aanay u daalin akhristaha, mar Boos: celcelis ahaan, lixdan senti! Haddaba si faahfaahsan.

Wax yar ka dib bixitaanka USSR soo saaray amar ah in heerka sarrifka la dejin doonaa by gobolka. xawaalad sarifka lacagaha qalaad waxaa loo yareeyo, oo dollar la si adag gacanta.

Inta qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii labaatanaad ee dollar USSR ahaa qiimihiisu yar hal Ruble, oo wuxuu lahaa in joogitaanka kaliya sacab muggiis oo dadka, iyo in tiro kooban oo loo baahan yahay safar dibadda ah ama xaalado kale oo gaar ah.

Dhamaan xisaabaha la sameeyey oo kaliya in rubles iyo in la iibsado iyo iibiyaan lacagta qalaad sheeg yaabaa bangiga kaliya.

sarrifka doolarka ee USSR ee qeybtii hore ee qarnigii labaatanaad

Ka dib markii dib u habaynta ee 1924 wuxuu u dhigmaa 2 rubles 22 kopecks.

War Patriotic Great, nidaamka lacageed ee USSR ka hor joogsaday si sharaf leh, inkasta oo miisaankiisu yahay lacag iyo kordhay ku dhowaad afar jeer. Wixii la barbardhigo, in Italy waana ay korodhay oo toban-laab, iyo in Japan - in koob.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay la socoto lacag dheeraad ah waxaa ka jiray dhibaatooyin kale, qiimaha raashinka ganacsi oo suuqa, iyo lacagta shubo ee meelo ka mid ah caleema saarka.

Shirka Bretton Woods iyo qaddar ee dollar ah

Xataa dhamaadka dagaalka, ee 1944, ee Bretton Woods (USA) marti IMF iyo Financial Shirka Caalamiga ah, kuwaas oo goob joog ka ahaa afar iyo afartan gobolada, ay ka mid yihiin Midowga Soofiyeeti. Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa la aasaasay by Hay'adda Lacagta Adduunka iyo Bangiga Caalamiga ah ee dib u dhiska iyo Horumarinta.

America ayaa soo jeediyay si uu u xaliyo qiimaha dahab ah ee $ 35 per ounce troy - caadiga ah waxa loogu yeero dahab. Dollar naadiyey lacagta kaydka ee adduunka ee. In Fort Knox, oo xajiyey kaydka dahabka US, dahab iyo gaadiid si ay dalal badan oo Yurub ah. Sidaas darteed, 75 boqolkiiba oo dahab ah dunidana waxaa waxaa lagu kaydiyaa.

The xaaladaha gaarka ah ee Midowga Soofiyeeti ee galaya amarka aan kaydinta dahab Maraykanka ayaa la bixiyey. Laakiin xaaladaha kale ee soo jeediyey ee laga soo galo ku galay ururka, hoggaanka dalka ee u muuqatay aan la aqbali karin, iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa aan ansaxin heshiiskii.

dib u habaynta guudahaan Stalin ee

Stalin bilowday madaxbannaanida lacagta qaranka. dib u habaynta ee IMF, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ayaa la qorsheeyay ka hor shirka caalamiga ah, laakiin go'aansaday iyaga on hore u si hufan ilaa iyo dhamaadka 1947.

sarrifka lacagaha la sameeyey, in tirada ugu badan ee dadka ka badbaaday iyada oo aan waxyeelo. Mushaharka hadhay isku mid. Dhigashada ilaa saddex kun oo rubles ayaa la isweydaarsaday mid ka mid ah, saddex ilaa toban kun - mid ka mid saddexaad ee hoos u dhaca, iyo in ka badan toban kun - hoos ku xiran saddex-meelood laba ka mid ah kaydka ah. Isla mar ahaantaana ka noqoto nidaamka kaadhka. Waxaa hore ka badan in kale dalalka-ku guuleysatay dhacay. Sidoo kale hoos u qiimaha badeecadda tafaariiq - alaabta iyo badeecada warshadaha. Sidaas in la baabi'iyo cawaaqibka War Great Patriotic nidaamka lacagta, iyo helitaanka lacagta ugu yaraan saddex jeer ku dhacay.

Horraantii 1950, Stalin amray in ay duulayaa sarrifka cusub ee Ruble ah. Maal, tirinta oo dhan ugu bixiyeen 14 rubles halkii dollar. Intee in le'eg bay ku kici dollar ee USSR hor beddelidda? 53 rubles. Stalin, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku amartay in ay sii yareyn heerka of Ruble ku Doolarka Maraykanka. Marka ay ugu badantahay, waxa ka mid filan karo - waa 4 rubles muddo hal dollar Maraykanka.

lacagta qaranka ee USSR lagu wareejiyey substrate ah oo dahab ah, oon ku kansali dhidib dollar ah. Qiimaha iibka garaamka oo dahab ah by Bank State waxay ku sii dhisnaatay 4 rubles 45 kopecks. Sayidka, Stalin difaacay Ruble ee doolarka, sida Bah-caddaan ah United States ayaa helay in uu dalka loogu tala galay in lagu wareejiyo dalal kale, go'aamiyey in sidan dhibaatooyin iyo in ay iyaga ku soo rogi on dadka kale.

Moscow International Forum

In 1952 Moscow marti golaha, kaas oo soo jeediyay abuurka ah ee suuqa caadi ah, kaas oo noqon lahaa lacag la'aan ah ka saameynta ay Doolarka Maraykanka oo u adeegi lahaa ka hortaga in ballaarinta US iyo Heshiiska Guud ee Canshuuraha ayaa iyo Ganacsiga. wadamada Yurub intooda badan ayaa cadaadis ka Maraykanka.

Afartan iyo sagaal dal oo aan diyaar u yihiin in ay soo gudbiyaan si dollar ah, ka qayb qaatay forum this. La saxiixay heshiisyo badan oo iftiiminaysaa mabda'a ka saarida lacagta doolarka Mareykanka, waxaa macquul ah ee nabay, iswaafajinta siyaasadaha, noocyada kala duwan ee faa'iidooyinka iyo wixii la mid ah.

Laakiin sanadkii 1953, Stalin dhintay. Oo dalka si tartiib tartiib ah waxay bilaabeen inay ka mabaadi'da shaaca ka tago, qabsado dollar ah. content Gold of Ruble la dhimay toban-laab, iyo todobaatanaadkii soo daahay oo gabi ahaanba ka reebtay. Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa bilaabay in ay bixiyaan dalalka kale ee la alaabta ceeriin cheap, iyo kaydka dahabka ahaa ayaa bilaabay inay si degdeg ah ku dhalaali doonaan. Laakiin waxaa ka dib.

Moscow Narodny Bank ee London

In 1956, Midowga Soofiyeeti, si looga fogaado cunaqabatayn US, go'aansado inuu lacagta diyaar wareejiyo bangiyada Mareykanka ee United Kingdom - in Moscow Narodny Bank ee London. Waxa uu ku siinayaa credit yar, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma midaysan yihiin nidaamka bangiyada Maraykanka. lacag lagu wareejiyay sida bangiga oo kale Soviet ku yaalla dibadda - Paris Eurobank. dollars Later ahaayeen in wareegga suuqa dhaqaalaha Yurub, ayaa lagu magacaabay Eurodollars.

khatar ugu horeeyay ee lacagta caalamiga ah iyo saameynta ay

Nidaamka bilaabeen inay gooni dhici. In si demoqaraadiyad ah, tirada dollars ka baxsan Maraykanka ay gaartay heer ay dhammaan kaydka dahabka America ee. Isla mar ahaantaana, Sharl De Gaulle baahan yahay dahab Faransiis dib ugu soo laabtay oo doolar oo u helay. Ka dib markii madaxda France iyo dalal kale oo bilaabay inuu ku yidhaahdo wax la mid ah. Markaas qayb ka baxay sharciga sarrifka dahab ah.

In todobaatanaadkii, Maraykanka ku lahaa si loo yareeyo content dahab ah oo ay lacagta. In 1971, diinta dollar oo dahabka waa joogsatay.

Sidee inta ay kukacayaan dollar ee USSR

dollar ka joogsadeen in ay gabaad ammaan ah, iyo account dollar kasta waa la xiri karaa. xarig badan ayaa lagu soo rogay dollars ka tirsan Midowga Soofiyeeti. Inkasta oo dollar ee USSR ee (1975) waxay ahayd 75 senti. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa isbedel siman, midhona kor ilaa 60 kopecks.

In tiris ah, heerka warshadaha ee sii waday in ay ku kici. Iyadoo 679 billion rubles 1980, warshadaha ayaa koray si ay 819 billion rubles by 1990. warshadaha dhoofinta ahaa boqolkiiba 10 kaliya. Iyo soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta kala duwan inta lagu guda jiro kuwaas oo sano kala duwan ee lagu daray ama laga jaray 70 billion rubles.

Gammaadiim xisbiga jeclaan oo u sheegay in US dollar ka dhanka ah Ruble ee Midowga Soofiyeeti ee sano ee suuqa madow kuwa ku badelay ahaa ee heerka aad, aad u kala duwan ka rasmiga ah. Waa hagaag, ka dibna kaliya aad u baahan tahay in la sameeyo wax yar falanqayn. Haddii uu jiro farqi weyn, sida la sheegtay by qaar ka mid ah in ay la yeesheen, waxa ay shaki la'aan dhoofinta iyo ahaayeen doonaa badan oo kala duwan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tiradu waa qallafsan loo siman yahay.

Heerka rasmi dollar in USSR ka 1970 ilaa iyo dhamaadka tiris ah dhaxaysey 90 cents ilaa 60. Dhammaadka tiris ah oo ilaa burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti, uu la yeeshay isbedel yar 60 kopecks.

dhamaadka jiritaanka Midowga Soofiyeeti ee,

In 1991, qiimaha doolarka ee USSR noqday siman 1 Ruble 85 kopecks. Tani waxay dhacday, maxaa yeelay, Bank State waxay bilaabeen inay iska iibiso dollar waxay joogtay qiimo - ganacsiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, by waqti in si dhab ah on madow suuqa qiimaha doolarka ee USSR la gaarey 30 ilaa 43 rubles. Tan iyo bartamihii 1992-dollar waxay bilaabeen inay suuqa. Dhamaadkii 1992, Midowga Soviet mar dambe sii jirin ahaa.

xaqiiqada maanta jirta

Intee in le'eg bay ku kici dollar ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay ku haay maanka in nuurka xaqiiqada maanta jirta. In ka sagaashankii iyo laba sano kun ee meelo ka mid ah muwaadiniinta Ruushka degeen oo doolar si Tiro badan oo wareegaya kaliya ee Maraykanka ee America laftiisa.

Currently, gobolka mar kale bilaabay on xornimada Ruble ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma Iron daah hadda waxaa, qof kasta oo Russia si xor ah u cabiro karaan fikradahooda, oo aan lahayn habdhaqanka arxan dadka, taas oo ahayd in waqti Stalin ee. Sidaas daraaddeed, dhowr maalmood si ay u fuliyaan dhammaan dib u habaynta loo baahan yahay, maadaama ay ahayd toddobaatan sano ka hor, waa wax aan macquul aheyn. Russia si aad u qotodheer marxad tiirsanaanta dollar ah, iyo indheer deeqsi sii wadi inuu ka dhaadhiciyo dawladda in ay sii wadaan dollar Jidka. Waxay qaadan doontaa samir, geesinimada iyo rabitaankooda in ay waajahaan ballaarinta Maraykanka si ay u noqdaan dowlad buuxda oo madaxbanaan.